Using Non Market Valuation to Inform the Choice Between Permits and Fees in Environmental Regulation

The purpose of this short note is to open an exploration regarding the use of non market valuation to help guide the selection of economically efficient pollution control instruments. As long as non market valuation techniques can correctly estimate the slope of the marginal benefit of abatement curve, this information along with engineering cost estimates of the unit costs or slope of the marginal abatement cost will provide useful information to policy makers in choosing between fees and permits. An illustrative review of the literature suggests that both stated and revealed preference methods have estimated slopes of marginal benefit functions for reducing several pollutants. To investigate the efficiency of permits versus fees, an illustrative review of corresponding marginal abatement costs is also made. For air pollutants affecting visibility, the slope of the marginal benefit curve is far greater than the slope of the marginal abatement costs, suggesting permits as the efficient instrument. For nitrates in groundwater used for drinking, the marginal benefit curve is flatter than the rather steep marginal abatement cost, suggesting fees/taxes would be a more efficient economic instrument. We hope this note stimulates more emphasis in non market valuation on estimating the slope of the marginal benefit function to enhance environmental economists ability to make policy recommendations regarding the choice of pollution instruments for specific pollutants.      

上市公司内部监督的有效性研究

在公司治理实践中,经理自主权配置与监督机制缺一不可.对上市公司内部监督机制及其有效性进行研究发现:就股东监督的有效性而言,股东大会次数、股东大会出席股份比率、最终控股股东属性、第一大非国有股比率四项指标能够有效度量股东监督的有效性,保障公司价值最大化;就董事会监督的有效性而言,独立董事比率、董事会次数、次级委员会设置状况、持股关联董事比率四项指标能够有效度量董事会监督的有效性,从而保障公司价值最大化.     

国外公司法人治理结构的模式分析与借鉴

文章分析了各国公司法人治理结构的立法模式：英美模式、德国模式和日本模式的特点和利弊，提出我国公司法人治理结构存在的问题，指出应借鉴各国公司治理的经验，完善我国的公司法人治理规范与制度。     

社会规范与公司规则:公司公共危机处理

社会规范的社会性和公司规则的自利性在公共领域会发生冲突导致公司公共危机产生。公司类型和公司规则的可获得性是评估危机后果的手段。处理公共危机时,公司应该遵循社会规范优先公司规则的原则,快速、准确地反应,才能将危害减少到最低程度。     

论地方资产管理公司的运作与发展

本文通过地方资产管理公司与四大资产管理公司的对比研究发现,地方资产管理公司的设立有助于加快地方金融机构不良资产处置,维护区域金融稳定;但同时也存在与四大资产管理公司业务重合、地方资产管理公司竞争优势不足、监管乏力等问题。对此,本文提出了明确金融属性、完善法律法规、建全监管体系等相关建议。     

Funding conditions for aid effectiveness: A mixed blessing for the sustainable development of host‐country‐national employees

This paper explores whether—and how—aid effectiveness funding conditions impact the human resource development of host‐country national (HCN) employees. To investigate this relationship, I conducted a phenomenological study with 31 participants from three international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs). Results suggest that the pressure toward funds accountability brings mixed blessings: From a staffing perspective, more HCNs are being hired instead of expatriates, building local capacity. However, vital training and performance review functions are cast as inefficient overheads. The paper concludes with a conceptual framework, practical strategies for INGOs and donor governments, and directions for larger scale empirical research. Copyright © 2015 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

试论我国公司清算制度的缺陷与完善

公司清算制度是市场经济法制体系中重要的制度之一,但是,由于目前我国公司清算法律尚存在一些缺陷,现行公司清算制度未能有效保护国家、公司员工、债权人和股东合法权益。政府行政部门有权随意撤销和关闭公司,普通清算程序与破产清算程序存在冲突,清算小组是否有资格承担民事责任存在模糊。完善我国公司清算制度,必须废除行政清算程序,规范普通清算程序与破产清算程序,并明确规定清算小组的主体身份。     

长庆油田勘探开发一体化的实践与探索

近年来,长庆油田的勘探开发一体化取得了显著的成绩,积累了丰富的经验,本文通过对长庆油田勘探开发一体化实践经验的总结和提炼,试图为我国石油企业的油藏勘探开发一体化管理提供一些借鉴。     

上市公司实施股权激励对公司治理结构的影响研究

本文使用上市公司2010年截面数据,研究管理层股权激励对公司治理结构的影响。实证结果显示,管理层股权激励与股权集中度、董事会构成存在正相关关系。这一研究结论为继续深化中国的公司治理改革提供了经验证据。