The relationship between employee performance management and civil servants’ turnover intentions: a test of the mediating roles of system satisfaction and affective commitment

In search of maximizing efficiency, public organizations found solace in the adoption of employee performance management (EPM) systems. While research supports that managing employees’ performance has favourable outcomes, it is still unclear why and under which conditions. Moreover, EPM systems might even create additional pressures and therefore increase turnover intentions and undermine public organization’s quest to maximize efficiency. We argue that when EPM systems are carried out consistently (i.e. internal consistency) and when they link civil servants’ individual goals to the organization’s strategic goals (i.e. vertical alignment), civil servants will be less likely to leave the organization. Hierarchical linear regression analysis shows that internal consistency relates to increased satisfaction with the EPM system and affective commitment to the organization. Vertical alignment relates to lower levels of turnover intentions. This relationship was mediated by EPM system satisfaction and affective commitment. These findings that contribute to our understanding of EPM systems can lead to favourable outcomes.     

Iterated VaR or CTE measures: A false good idea?

The purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly, we consider different risk measures in order to determine the solvency capital requirement of a pension fund. Secondly, we illustrate the impact of the time horizon of long-term guarantee products on these capital. We consider a financial market modelled by a common Black–Scholes–Merton model. We neglect the mortality and underwriting risks by assuming that the pension fund is fully hedged against these risks, which allows us to keep understandable and tractable formulæ (the longevity risk will be a part of future researches). A portfolio is built in this market according to different strategies and the pension fund offers a fixed guaranteed rate on a certain time horizon. We begin with well-known static risk measures (value at risk and conditional tail expectation measures) and then we consider their natural dynamic generalization. In order to be time consistent, we consider their iterated versions by a backward iterations scheme. Within the dynamic setting, we show that solvency capital can be expensive and that attention must be paid to the safety level considered.     

中国新能源企业创新绩效的影响因素——基于产业政策视角

以国家层面发布的、与新能源产业创新相关性最强的408条创新政策为研究对象,采用负二项回归模型,利用2007—2014年中国沪深两市中从事新能源产品生产的上市企业的数据,研究了产业政策(政策力度和政策连续性)对中国新能源企业创新绩效的影响。结果显示:环境保护政策力度和技术创新政策力度显著抑制了新能源企业的创新绩效,而产品创新政策力度显著激励了新能源企业的创新绩效;政策执行不连续会抑制新能源企业的创新绩效。最后提出了改进新能源产业创新政策体系的相关建议。     

Measuring Achievement and Shortfall Improvements in a Consistent Way

In measuring improvements over time of bounded variables, one can focus on achievements or shortfalls. However, rankings of alternative social states in terms of achievements and shortfalls do not necessarily mirror one another. We characterize axiomatically different families of achievement and shortfall improvement indices, and present the necessary and sufficient conditions under which they rank social states in a consistent way. Empirical illustrations using child mortality data from South Africa suggest that consistency between achievement and shortfall improvements in standards of living is not only a matter of theoretical import but is also a problem that can be encountered in practice to a large extent.     

企业融资方式选择的AHP模型及其应用

企业选择合理的融资方式日益受到各方面的关注。随着经济的发展和融资方式的多元化,选择何种融资方式是企业经营者要慎重考虑的问题。文章首先探讨了企业的融资策略,然后提出企业融资方式选择的层次分析模型,并结合实例加以分析。     

Feasible implementation of taxation methods

This paper studies implementation of taxation methods in one-commodity environments in which the incomes of the agents are unknown to the planner. Feasibility out of equilibrium imposes that the mechanism depend on the environment. We present two mechanisms. The first one, which requires complete information, implements every taxation method in Nash, strong and coalition-proof equilibrium. The second, where informational requirements are relaxed, implements a large class of consistent and monotone methods in subgame perfect equilibrium. Neither mechanism employs the off-equilibrium devices used by the general theory. Under fully private information no method is implementable. Received: 12 March 1997 / Accepted: 21 July 1998     

大学生心理和谐研究

本研究以《自我和谐量表》为测量工具,分析了大学生自我和谐的特点,得出结论如下:大学生的自我和谐水平在性别、是否为独生子女和不同生源地方面无显著性差异。理科学生的自我概念的灵活性显著高于文科学生。不同年级的大学生自我经验和谐水平有显著差异等结论。     

区域技术相容性及其经济收益指标分析--兼谈西部投资收益的技术水平结构差异

文章提出了区域技术相容性的概念,并着重讨论了这一概念中的经济收益指标。从西部区域技术相容性经济收益指标的度量入手,通过对统计数据的计算和整理,分析了这一指标与技术含量成正比等四个特征,研究了形成这些特征的原因,并对我国西部开发中投资收益的技术水平结构差异中的若干问题提出了建议,认为在西部投入技术含量较高的项目更为经济;加大西部大开发的科技投入,不仅必需,而且合算。     

Mechanism design goes to war: peaceful outcomes with interdependent and correlated types

In this paper, we consider the possibility of identifying peaceful mechanisms such as bargaining protocols, international institutions, or norms that can enable countries to settle disputes in the absence of binding contracts. In particular, we are interested in the existence of mechanisms with zero probability of war. Here, we focus on situations where the countries’ payoffs to war are interdependent or correlated and where efficient settlements are not required but subsidies are unavailable. Most importantly, countries can choose to go to war at any time and can use information learned from the negotiation process in making this choice. We characterize the conditions under which no peaceful mechanisms exist and discuss how weakening our war consistency condition can change this result. We thank Massimo Morelli, Adam Meirowitz, Hein Goemans and two anonymous reviewers for helpful advice and comments and John Duggan and Dan Bernhardt for encouraging this direction of inquiry.     

青藏铁路沿线旅游资源开发利用与可持续发展的一致性研究

在深入分析青藏铁路沿线旅游资源开发利用现状的基础上,对青藏铁路沿线旅游资源开发利用与可持续发展的一致性指标进行分析评价,提出了相关政策建议。