ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ON THE URBAN–RURAL DISPARITY IN HUMAN CAPITAL IN CHINA

With China's economic development and capital accumulation in the industrial sectors, the human capital level of the labours moving from the rural areas could no longer meet the demand of the industrial sectors. Therefore, “structural shortage of technical labour” emerged in the labour market as a result of excess of demand for high‐skilled workers. Previous literature mostly focused on the relationship between rural human‐capital level and labour movement, income change and economic growth, but in this article, the authors focus on the study of the relative disparity of urban and rural human capital and labour movement, as well as the effect of the change of urban–rural human capital gap on industrial output, profit and social welfare. This article shows that bridging the urban–rural gap in respect of human capital level could not only improve the situation of the “structural shortage of technical labour,” but also have a positive effect on the general social welfare.     

生鲜农产品冷链系统成本优化问题研究

文章从运输成本、仓储成本、惩罚成本与物流管理费用四个方面分析了冷链物流成本,并建立了成本优化模型。文章认为,应通过制定农产品冷链物流法律法规和标准、提供精益的物流服务、建立一体化的农产品冷链物流模式及加大冷链物流技术和设备研发力度等措施优化生鲜农产品冷链系统成本。     

“钱才”集聚论与我国金融中心建设

本文在梳理金融中心相关文献的基础上,提出金融中心的钱才集聚论,认为金融中心实质上是金融资源相对集聚的场所,而金融资本和金融人才的集聚则是各类金融资源集聚的基础。我国金融中心建设需要把握金融资源集聚的关键环节,创造良好的环境,促进钱、才等金融资源集聚。     

浅议施工企业项目成本控制

矿山施工市场竞争激烈,施工企业的利润空间越来越小,这就要求施工企业不断提高项目管理水平.施工项目成本控制就是重要的途径.本文指出了煤矿施工项目管理组织的建立,成本目标确定的过程,明确施工项目成本考核奖惩的方法和步骤.     

我国水利技术成果转化理论框架和体系构建研究

在对水利技术成果转化的概念及特点进行分析的基础上,介绍了西方国家水利成果转化体系的基本类型,从政策层面和操作层面2个方面提出了优化我国水利技术成果转化体系的建议：首先,从水利技术成果转化的政策层面出发,分析了社会资本以及财政投入对于成果转化体系的影响,提出在我国的现实条件下,社会资本与财政投入的双向并行是保障水利技术顺利转化和水利行业健康发展的前提;其次,从操作层面提出了提高水利技术成果转化效率的方式,即加强市场化中介组织在成果转化中的作用,并通过产学研一体化等方式来提高技术成果的转化效率。     

航电枢纽工程财务增效机制研究

航电枢纽工程大多面临投资大、运行费用高、发电产出少、财务效益差等问题。为促进其可持续发展,真正实现以电养航,在对航电工程财务因子敏感性分析的基础上,依托嘉陵江流域典型枢纽,深入研究其财务增效机制。研究表明,争取电价补贴和调整资本金结构并举是改善航电枢纽运营环境,增强企业经营活力的有效、可行措施。     

水源地生态保护中发展权损失补偿研究

利用机会成本法,通过计算农地的经济价值,测算了水源地第一产业的发展权损失;通过对比参照区与水源地的工业增加值增长速度,估计了水源地第二产业的发展权损失;通过计算水源地旅游业的机会损失,测算了水源地第三产业的发展权损失;分析了水源地发展权损失生态补偿中的资金补偿、实物补偿、政策补偿和产业补偿的优劣势。旨在为建立水源地生态补偿机制提供借鉴。     

主体功能区生态补偿标准研究

建立合理的生态补偿标准对于区域协调发展具有重要的意义。以主体功能区划为背景,通过分析作为保护型功能区的苏北某县为实现生态系统服务功能所付出的成本,并依据区位熵理论确定成本分担系数,核算外部应承担的生态补偿标准,得出该县2010-2020年应得到的生态补偿金额为52.8亿元。设计了以为实现主体功能区划而产生的生态成本来进行核算的方式,为明确主体功能区划的生态补偿标准带来了便利。     

‘Freedom from Poverty is Not for Free’: Rural Development and the Microfinance Crisis in Andhra Pradesh,India

Within neoliberal development discourse, the poor are represented as entrepreneurial subjects for whom integration into formalized financial systems can facilitate their escape from poverty. This paper examines how the 2010 microfinance crisis in Andhra Pradesh reveals significant fault lines that underlie this narrative. It argues that the crisis of microfinance in Andhra Pradesh needs to be placed within the context of severe agrarian dislocations stemming from the impact of trade liberalization, drought cycles and a transformation of rural social relations. The contradictions are most strikingly represented in increasing rural differentiation and a generalized crisis of social reproduction among land‐poor farmers and landless labourers. A massive influx of microfinance – driven by both state‐operated programmes and private‐sector institutions leveraged with cross‐border financial flows – found a ready clientele among various agrarian classes seeking to bolster consumption and roll over debt in conditions of significant uncertainty and distress. Yet in banking on this vulnerability, microfinance institutions socialized the contradictions of rural Andhra Pradesh and have ultimately been thrown into limbo through the unleashing of political and social forces unforeseen in neoliberal narratives of agrarian change.