数字化转型视角下数字金融对企业投资效率的影响效应分析

以2011—2021年沪深A股和中小板上市公司为样本,分析数字金融对企业投资效率的影响效应。研究结果表明：数字金融能够缓解企业的投资不足,但会加剧企业的投资过度,与A股上市公司相比,数字金融对中小板上市公司的影响程度更大;数字金融影响投资效率的内在机制为缓解企业融资约束,主要表现为提高企业的信贷可得性;数字金融对投资效率的影响主要体现在制造业、软件和信息技术服务业、生产和生活性服务业,数字金融对内控有效企业投资过度的影响不显著。因此,要大力推进数字金融的发展,优化农村地区数字金融环境和强化企业内部控制建设。     

Driving organizational citizenship behaviors and salesperson in-role behavior performance: The role of management control and perceived organizational support

Interest in management control approaches and organizational factors associated with higher levels of salesperson performance is reflected in research streams concerned with behavior-based control strategies and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). This study makes two distinct additions to the literature relating to control, organizational citizenship behaviors and salesperson performance. First, the study distinguishes between salesperson in-role behavior performance and outcome performance to model in-role behavior performance as a mediator between OCB and outcome performance. Second, the work supports sales manager control as an antecedent to OCB. A second model introduces perceived organizational support (POS) as an additional antecedent to salesperson OCB, and more important, as a consequence of sales manager control. This construct has not been included in prior salesperson OCB studies. Results show sales manage control has a stronger impact on OCB through POS, than directly, and POS has a strong impact on salesperson OCB. Nigel F. Piercy (Nigel.Piercy@wbs.ac.uk) is a professor of marketing in the Warwick Business School at the University of Warwick, United Kingdom. He holds a Ph.D. from the University of Wales and a higher doctorate (D.Litt) from Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh. His current research interests focus on strategic sales and account management. His work has been published in many journals including theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of International Marketing, and theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science. He is coauthor to David Cravens onStrategic Marketing (8th ed., Irwin/McGraw-Hill, 2006). David W. Cravens (D.Cravens@tcu.edu) holds the Eunice and James L. West Chair of American Enterprise Studies and is a professor of marketing in the M. J. Neeley School of Business at Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas. He has a doctorate in business administration from Indiana University. His areas of specialization include marketing strategy and planning, sales management, and new product planning. His research has been published in a wide range of journals including theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of Marketing Research, the Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, and theInternational Journal of Marketing. Nikala Lane (Nikala.Lane@wbs.ac.uk) is a senior lecturer in marketing in the Warwick Business School at the University of Warwick, United Kingdom. She holds a Ph.D. from the University of Wales and was previously a senior research associate at Cardiff University. Her research interests are focused on gender and ethics issues in sales and marketing management. Her work has been published widely in the international literature and includes articles in theJournal of Management Studies, theBritish Journal of Management, the Journal of Business Ethics, and theJournal of Personal Selling & Sales Management. Douglas W. Vorhies (dvorhies@bus.olemiss.edu) is an assistant professor of marketing in the School of Business Administration at the University of Mississippi. His primary research interests are in the areas of marketing strategy, marketing resources and capabilities, the links between innovation, strategic market management and performance, and professional selling and sales management. His other work has been published in many journals including theJournal of Marketing, Decision Sciences, theJournal of Product Innovation Management, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, and theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management.     

债务融资的治理效应:理论分析与实证检验

首先就西方财务学关于债务治理效应的理论进行了综述，然后采用中国上市公司的经验数据，对债务融资比例与企业绩效指标的关系进行了检验，得出了债务治理效应不佳的结论。这一结论似乎与西方财务学对债务治理效应的主流分析不符。通过分析其中的现实原因，就如何改善中国企业的债务治理效应，提出了相应的政策建议。     

羧甲基壳聚糖/海藻酸钠水凝胶pH值对溶胀行为的影响

以CaCl2为交联剂制备了一系列羧甲基壳聚糖/海藻酸钠水凝胶。研究了羧甲基壳聚糖与海藻酸钠溶液的配比、交联剂的用量以及pH值对水凝胶溶胀率的影响,并分析了不同pH值时水凝胶的红外谱图。结果表明,pH=1.0、3.0时,水凝胶收缩,而pH=5.0、7.4、9.0、13.0时,水凝胶溶胀随pH值增高,其溶胀率增大。当两者配比为1:3,pH 9.0时溶涨率最大。同时,红外谱图证明,水凝胶的pH敏感行为是氨基和羧基基团结构的变化所引起的。     

对融资制度与企业融资行为选择的思考

比较国际上两种主要融资制度绩效,实证分析我国的融资制度,仍存在着一定程度的扭曲,距离真正市场化有差距,成因在于融资制度本身的内部结构缺陷和外部宏观环境改革滞后,根源在于银企都不是真正的融资主体,导致企业融资行为出现变异.鉴于融资制度同企业融资行为模式存在内生一致性,推进政府的经济、金融制度改革,实现企业融资行为的合理回归,使之朝着以银行中介为主的融资模式向以股票市场股权融资为主的融资模式转换,才是中国企业融资行为模式的理性选择.     

政治委托代理中的地方政府经济行为有效性分析

用经济学激励理论分析政治代理人的经济行为,可以发现官员外在激励有效性不高的原因.在委托代理关系中,激励要有效必须具备一定条件;而在政治委托代理关系中,由于满足激励有效性的条件难以具备,使得委托人对官员的业绩很难考核准确,很难实行货币奖励.官员的业绩不能准确考核,官员就会出现道德风险,官员得不到货币奖励,就会出现经济行为政治目的,两者都会增加代理成本和社会福利的损失,导致激励考核有效性缺乏和激励奖励有效性缺乏.这在我国经济中的具体表现就是地方政府经济行为非经济性严重.从中也可看出一个合格的官员自我内在激励的重要性.     

风险投资与高科技产业

改革开放以来,我国高新技术产业有了很大发展,但也存在一些亟待解决的问题,资金短缺就是其一。为此,要努力探讨合理的有效融资途径,积极引进外国风险投资,促进本国风险投资,为中国高新技术产业的发展提供适宜的生存环境。风险投资是高科技产业化的推进器。中国的风险投资事业应定位于有效地为高科技产业的发展服务;建立以民间投资为主体的多元化风险投资结构及合理的产权结构;建立完善的风险投资退出机制,尽快建立和完善中国大陆的二板市场。     

强化对抽象行政行为的监督是加强廉政建设的必要途径

抽象行政行为是当今世界各国实施行政管理的重要基础性手段之一。它直接关系到行政行为的公平、公正和效率。分析了当前我国在抽象行政行为监督方面存在的问题 ;论述了强化对抽象行政行为监督的现实意义及主要途径。     

中小企业融资环境优化研究

我国中小企业融资环境的现状可概括为融资渠道单一、融资手段缺乏，优化中小企业融资环境已成为目前经济发展中迫切需要解决的问题。文章依据中小企业融资环境的基本理论，分析影响我国中小企业融资环境中存在的问题，提出了优化我国中小企业融资环境的对策。     

我国上市公司融资结构存在的问题及改进措施

现代融资理论认为企业的最优融资顺序为内部融资—债权融资—股权融资。而我国的上市公司却表现出典型的股权融资偏好,与西方现代企业在融资偏好上存在着明显的差异。在阐述现代融资理论的基础上,分析了我国上市公司融资结构存在的问题及其产生原因,指出了股权性融资偏好所带来的不良影响,最后提出了相应的改进措施。