宪政视野下的司法独立——基于中外宪法文本的比较研究

宪法是国家制度设计的蓝本,是宪政理念最直接的体现,是司法独立的一面镜子,更是实践司法独立思想的首要制度保障。司法独立思想来源于古希腊政治哲学家的宪政思想与分权制衡的理念,它具有三大特征：司法权独立,法院独立和法官独立。就司法权力的独立而言,主要西方国家有两大特征：一是设置了专门行使司法权力的机构;二是明确规定了司法权力的独立行使范围。1949年以前,我国宪法文本对于＂司法制度＂的设计与西方国家存在着很大的相似性,有几个宪法文本就是学习与借鉴英美国家来制定的。1949年建国以后,我国宪法文本中对于＂司法制度＂的设计也与之前的风格迥异。     

浅析施工企业的自主创新

在当前经济快速发展过程中,自主创新能力是提高施工企业核心竞争力的关键。本文结合我国建筑企业在自主创新方面的做法,分析了施工企业的自主创新体现在技术创新和管理创新两个方面,并提出了通过组合技术、以市场为导向、重视人才资源等途径来提高自主创新能力,从而提高施工企业自身的竞争力和建筑行业的科学发展。     

External corporate governance and financial fraud: cognitive evaluation theory insights on agency theory prescriptions

R esearch summary : Agency theory suggests that external governance mechanisms (e.g., activist owners, the market for corporate control, securities analysts) can deter managers from acting opportunistically. Using cognitive evaluation theory, we argue that powerful expectations imposed by external governance can impinge on top managers' feelings of autonomy and crowd out their intrinsic motivation, potentially leading to financial fraud. Our findings indicate that external pressure from activist owners, the market for corporate control, and securities analysts increases managers' likelihood of financial fraud. Our study considers external governance from a top manager's perspective and questions one of agency theory's foundational tenets: that external pressure imposed on managers reduces the potential for moral hazard. M anagerial summary : Many of us are familiar with stories about top managers “cooking the books” in one way or another. As a result, companies and regulatory bodies often implement strict controls to try to prevent financial fraud. However, cognitive evaluation theory describes how those external controls could actually have the opposite of their intended effect because they rob managers of their intrinsic motivation for behaving appropriately. We find this to be the case. When top managers face more stringent external control mechanisms, in the form of activist shareholders, the threat of a takeover, or zealous securities analysts, they are actually more likely to engage in financial misbehavior. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

跨国公司在华技术保护的路径及对策研究

跨国公司为了在我国保持其技术垄断优势,获取最大利润,运用各种技术保护路径防止技术外溢.文章分析了跨国公司实行独资化、专利保护、组建战略联盟与制定技术标准、占领价值链高端等技术保护的路径,在深入分析探讨的基础上,研究我国如何采取有效措施促进跨国公司技术外溢,加快我国技术进步.     

浅谈独立学院大学英语听力教学

英语听力是英语综合能力的一个重要方面,也是英语教学的重要环节之一。本文就独立学院中大学英语的教学现状和学生的学习现状,分析出其存在的问题并提出相关的教学应用策略。     

英语口译课程开设的必要性

口译课是大学英语专业高年级的必修课。口译教学已成为外语教学的一个重要组成部分。本文分析了独立学院专业英语口译教学的现状在口译教学中出现的种种问题,并就其中一些问题提出了一些相应的解决办法。     

同伴互助学习在大学英语网络自主学习模式中互补发展的实证研究

以多媒体网络技术为手段的大学英语网络自主学习模式广泛应用于大学英语教学中。这种模式弥补了传统教学的不足,充分发挥了其信息化的优势,对教学起到了积极的作用.但是在网络自主学习模式的发展过程中也不可避免的产生一系列新的问题。经过对这些问题的深入分析后,提出了同伴互助学习模式和网络自主学习模式的互补发展模式。     

新课改指导下的课堂教学四个“更”

课堂教学改革是提高课堂教学质量的关键,要使课堂教学改革落实到实处,教师要在四个方面有所突破:一、更注重口语质量。二、更注重学生自主学习能力培养。三、更注重多媒体的应用。四、更注意评价手段灵活运用。     

THE CHARITY COMMISSION – POLITICISED AND POLITICISING

Charities have always had to show that they provide a ‘public benefit’, the meaning of which has been developed by case law. The Charity Commission, a body created by the last government, has provided guidance on the meaning of ‘public benefit’ which is at odds with the meaning developed in case law – and therefore in conflict with the statute under which the guidance was ostensibly provided. The Charity Commission has also allowed charities to engage in political campaigning, an activity which the House of Lords has held no charity can lawfully pursue without losing its charitable status. The Charity Commission and its guidance should be scrapped. Professionally qualified and independent Charity Commissioners should be appointed.     

浅谈独立院校教育改革中素质教育问题

本文根据对独立院校教育改革的研究,总结独立院校在教改中应如何从传统应试教育,转向素质教育,培养适应高科技发展需要的专业技术人才的一些教学实践和体会。