A Semiparametric Method for Valuing Residential Locations: Application to Automated Valuation

This paper is motivated by automated valuation systems, which would benefit from an ability to estimate spatial variation in location value. It develops theory for the local regression model (LRM), a semiparametric approach to estimating a location value surface. There are two parts to the LRM: (1) an ordinary least square (OLS) model to hold constant for interior square footage, land area, bathrooms, and other structural characteristics; and (2) a non-parametric smoother (local polynomial regression, LPR) which calculates location value as a function of latitude and longitude. Several methods are used to consistently estimate both parts of the model. The LRM was fit to geocoded hedonic sales data for six towns in the suburbs of Boston, MA. The estimates yield substantial, significant and plausible spatial patterns in location values. Using the LRM as an exploratory tool, local peaks and valleys in location value identified by the model are close to points identified by the tax assessor, and they are shown to add to the explanatory power of an OLS model. Out-of-sample MSE shows that the LRM with a first-degree polynomial (local linear smoothing) is somewhat better than polynomials of degree zero or degree two. Future applications might use degree zero (the well-known NW estimator) because this is available in popular commercial software. The optimized LRM reduces MSE from the OLS model by between 5 percent and 11 percent while adding information on statistically significant variations in location value.     

我国农村土地制度的产权经济分析

近年来我国农村发生了土地制度的深刻变革,变革的核心是土地产权制度的变迁。这种制度变迁在某种程度上具有帕累托改进的性质,但在某些方面还有待于发展和完善。我国农村土地产权制度建设的思路:以现行产权制度为基础,通过修订和完善,不断发挥现行产权制度的积极作用。     

Buyer-Type Effects in Conservation and Preservation Property Values

Properties can be bought by government agencies, land trusts, or private entities for conservation and preservation purposes, such as farmland preservation, wildlife refuges, other conservation, and cultural and historical preservation. There is variation in the dollars paid per acre across properties and across buyer type. An option value model based on future potential land uses is used to explain much of this variation. The data used in our analysis is sales transactions data for conservation and preservation purposes from throughout the United States. We find that much of the value of conservation properties is derived from future potential land uses, including housing, timber, recreation, and conservation. We confirm that public versus private buyers value options differently, which makes sense from a public good point of view, if markets are thin.     

自然资本代际配置研究--可持续发展的产权制度设计

自然资本配置不仅涉及当代人利益,也涉及后代人利益,即涉及代际利益问题。现代产权理论,对于说明市场机制配置资源产生帕累托最优效率,提供了反传统的论证,但是缺乏代际利益均衡理念,无法令人信服地说明可持续发展框架下的自然资本的最优配置问题。本文以罗尔斯的代际正义论为伦理基础,提出自然资本代际产权理论,以期对现代产权理论加以修正并对可持续发展进行产权制度设计。     

新形势下高校房产管理改革的探讨

通过对高校后勤改革中存在的不足及工作偏差进行研究，分析了房产改革在高校后勤工作中的重要性和迫切性，指出了其中的纰漏和弊端，以及没有充分完善的地方。针对现有的弊端，提出了相应的一些解决办法和措施。高校房产管理改革重在提高房屋的使用效率及经济效益。     

企业主体性产权理论的构建 --相关和自主统一的属性所有权

企业是市场经济活动的主体，应该具有其主体属性，并且正是其主体属性决定它的主体地位和作用，并形成主体性产权。但是，学术界缺乏对这个问题的研究，主要是因为受西方经济学传统的限制，要突破这种限制必须把经济学与管理学结合起来进行研究，以构建企业主体性产权理论。企业主体性产权是其相关属性产权与自主属性产权的统一。企业相关属性及其产权是基础和结果，主要说明企业主体性产权的共性；企业自主属性及其产权是原动力和境界，主要说明企业主体性产权的个性。它们的互补和统一突出地体现在企业家及其产权上。企业主体性产权的目的是在防止“蛋糕”缩小的同时把“蛋糕”做大，其核心是基于相互关系的约束而进行自主创造的激励，其模型的运行特点是协同一自主创造。企业主体性产权理论的应用，可以保证和促使中国企业循着超越自然历史发展。     

永安市林业融资体制改革实践与完善的思考

永安市林业融资模式是由省开发行向永安市国有资产投资经营有限公司提供贷款资金,再由国投公司委托永安市农村信用合作社向永安市的林业中小企业和农户发放贷款,贷款的中小企业和农户将林权作为抵押物抵押给国投公司。永安市林业融资模式的改革实现了林权作为抵押物的突破,增强了林业对社会资本的配置能力,促进了森林资源的培育,实现了林农增收和林业增效的目标。深化林业融资体制改革,必须建设社会统一的林业要素大市场,完善林权管理的服务机制,推动森林保险业和林权典当的发展,增强金融机构内在动力,探索小额贷款的扶持机制。     

产权市场化与甘肃工业化:一个新的分析视角

工业化是甘肃目前面临的最大课题.通过产权市场化实现存量资源重组和引进新的投资是优化甘肃区域工业结构的基本条件.文章从产权视角简要回顾了甘肃工业化的历程,反思了其面临的主要问题.     

对转型期经济问题的法哲学思考

如果说财产是经济学的核心,那么财产权就是法哲学的关键.站在自然法哲学的高度审视、思考和改造中国社会的经济问题是推进和谐社会建设的时代必然.     

吸入用布地奈德混悬液雾化相关特性与细胞转运的评价

目的 评价国内外已上市的不同生产厂家的吸入用布地奈德混悬液的雾化特性、理化特性及细胞转运、摄取情况.方法 通过测定3个厂家吸入用布地奈德混悬液的递送速率、递送总量、空气动力学粒径分布、物理粒度、Calu-3细胞药物累积转运量等指标参数,对产品质量的共性进行评价.结果 3种吸入用布地奈德混悬液在初始1 min的递送速率和...