关于我国小额信贷问题的分析

在国际农村金融发展经验中,小额信贷成为面向贫困人群的针对性金融创新工具,在金融深化方面取得了巨大成功。我国在扶持发展农村金融体系的过程中逐步引进国际经验,在小额信贷的推广与发展上取得了长足的进步。从我国小额信贷的实践经验出发,分析目前我国小额信贷中存在的问题,并提出相应的政策建议。     

Misaligned Expectations and Non-Cooperative Behavior in Indian Microfinance: Evidence from a Survey

This study examined the causalities of non-performance of self-help groups (SHGs) in the context of polarised institutional expectations in the microfinance ecosystem in India. Institutional approach and stakeholder approach were followed for the investigation. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and semi-structured interviews (SIs) were conducted to collect data from various institutional stakeholders. It was found that the institutional expectations of each institution from other institutions in the microfinance ecosystem were polarized, misaligned and were antagonistic in nature. Institutional behaviours were governed by their expectations from the microfinance ecosystem. Therefore, the polarized and antagonistic expectations created non-cooperative behaviours and attitudes in the key institutions, which further created a weak performance of the microfinance programs.     

Comprehensive Homeowners Microinsurance in Brazil: Estimation of Pricing and Market Potential

This study examines the question of comprehensive microinsurance for Brazilian homeowners. In particular, the study calculates (i) pricing for selected types of microinsurance homeowner's coverages and insured amounts and (ii) the estimated market potential of this product. The Brazilian agency charged with responsibility for regulation of private insurance, SUSEP, has determined that microinsurance should be aimed at families with a monthly per capita income of up to two minimum wages. According to this criterion, the study finds that there are more than 42 million households in Brazil eligible for microinsurance. The study also finds that microinsurance premiums for these households would be very low (US $0.97 to 2.03 per month)—less than 1% of average household income. This type of insurance would certainly be viable, considering the calculated market size of approximately US $780 million per year. These figures show that there is significant potential for the expansion of the microinsurance market in Brazil.     

Intellectual Capital: Firms’ Hidden Source of Service Quality in the Microfinance Industry in Uganda

The author examines the relative contribution of individual intellectual capital elements on service quality in Uganda's microfinance industry (MFI), adopting analysis of moment structures, a form of structural equation modeling. Other than relational capital, intellectual capital elements are strong predictors of service quality with predictive power of 34%. To boost the wealth of MFIs, managers should use a suitable intellectual capital blend that increases firm value. Since the results of this study clearly show that human capital is the most important intellectual resource, MFIs should source for competent people who play key roles in the industry.     

论农村新型金融组织建设的深层障碍

农村新型金融组织建设,依赖于整个社会（区域）的金融生态和农村金融生态,而农村小额信贷及其瞄准机制,是考察这一生态的重要观测点。中外小额信贷的运行历程和现状表明,在瞄准偏差的利益博弈中,农村小额信贷要实现“真扶贫”而“扶真贫”的目标仍然要走很长的路。其中深藏着农村新型金融组织建设取得实质性成效的全部要害。通过不断的制度创新和技术创新以抵消至少缓和高成本的压力,构建利益表达一协调一解决的良性机制．才是“纠偏”的关键。     

阿里小贷模式的内涵、优势及存在问题探析

阿里小贷模式是提供金融毛细血管服务的网上微型金融模式。本文在探讨阿里小贷发展历程的基础上．对其产品、优势、社会意义及存在问题进行探究。     

农村“草根银行”运作模式的国际比较

通过对孟加拉国的格莱珉银行、印度尼西亚人民银行的乡村信贷系统、玻利维亚的阳光银行,以及拉丁美洲的乡村银行的运作机制进行比较分析,从中总结出农村小型机融机构发展的内在规律,可以为我国农村金融组织创新、发展农村"草根银行"提供借鉴。     

Legal systems and performance of microfinance institutions

The paper investigates the impact of institutional environment resulting from the legal systems, on the financial performance of microfinance institutions (MFIs). Broadly categorized into common law and code law, the legal systems are found to significantly influence the efficiency of MFIs. We use an unbalanced panel of 1272 MFIs over a period of 16 years to analyze the effect of legal systems on their financial performance. In contrast to the accepted notion that common law systems are more conducive to effective market systems, our results show that MFIs operating under code law systems exhibit better financial performance than in common law systems.     

发展关系型农户小额信贷的经济学分析

引入关系型贷款,可以为解决农户获取小额信贷难问题提供一个新的思路.建议构建基于关系型贷款的农户小额信贷运行机制;以农户为中心设计信贷产品实现跨期平滑;推行小组联保降低农户小额信贷风险;加快利率市场化改革增强贷款利率调节功能.