基于CiteSpace的人口变动研究前沿和热点分析

采用CiteSpace文献可视化分析软件,以WOS(Web of Science)数据库来源文献和CNKI(中国知网知识发现网络平台)来源文献的知识图谱作为分析依据,探究人口变动研究的前沿和热点。结果表明：人口变动研究正从范式积累期向范式变革期平稳过渡;中国人口变动研究较为局限,具有“实用性”特征,横向发展趋势明显;自然变动和迁移变动是人口变动研究前沿,对社会变动关注不足。     

基于SolidWorks Simulation的装配式桥式电动升降平台附墙架设计与分析

以装配式桥式电动升降平台附墙架结构为研究对象,利用Soildworks软件,进行结构的设计和有限元模型的建立。通过对不同附着结构形式的强度、刚度及稳定性的分析,选取了较优的结构形式,研究了附墙架组成杆件截面尺寸、附墙架长度对其各项性能的影响。研究结果表明,对于附墙架结构形式,采用单侧两杆式附墙架结构形式较为经济;附墙架拉杆截面尺寸为40 mm时,各构配件性能最优;附墙架拉杆长度2 500 mm是附墙架应力、变形位移值的拐点,为保证使用的安全性,长度应小于2 500 mm。     

Decomposing the changes in poverty: Poverty line and distributional effects

When measuring poverty in developed countries, the poverty line used to identify the poor is usually relative and set as a percentage of the median (or of the mean) of the total income. In consequence, when poverty is analyzed over a period of time, changes in the poverty level depend on the impact of evolving standards. To eliminate this effect, sometimes, an anchored poverty line is used. Furthermore, changes in the mean of the distribution and in the inequality among the poor may also affect the poverty levels. This note proposes a decomposition of the changes in poverty as the sum of four terms. The first two reflect the impact in poverty of changes in living standards and the other two measure the effect of the distributional growth and redistribution. This decomposition will help policymakers in the implementation of a more specific antipoverty agenda. An application with data from the European Union Survey on Income and Living Conditions shows the potential of the decomposition proposed.     

The effects of learning and signaling on money demand: With an application to heterodox inflation stabilization programs

This paper develops a nonlinear vector autoregression of inflation and money growth subject to changes in regime. The regimes are fully characterized by the mean and variance of inflation and are conjectured to be the result of alternative government policies. Agents are unable to observe directly whether government actions are indeed consistent with the inflation rate targeted as part of a stabilization program. However, as part of their money demand decision, agents construct probability inferences regarding the regime. Government announcements are assumed to provide agents with additional, possibly truthful information regarding the regime.  This specification is estimated using data from the Israeli and Argentine high-inflation periods. Results indicate that the successful stabilization program implemented in Israel in July 1985 was more credible than either the earlier Israeli attempt in November 1984 or the Argentine programs. Government's signaling might simplify the agents' inference problem and increase the speed of their learning but, under certain conditions, it might also increase inflation volatility. Welfare gains from a temporary increase in real balances might be high enough to induce agents to raise their money demand in the short-term even if they are uncertain about the nature of government policy and the eventual outcome of the stabilization attempt. Statistically, the model restrictions cannot be rejected at the 1% significance level. First version received: August 1998/Final version received: January 1999     

加快信息化建设实现铁路审计的“三个转变”

现代信息技术的迅猛发展使计算机和网络技术以前所未有的广度和深度改变着经济管理活动,也对传统审计提出了挑战。从铁路现有审计信息管理系统存在的问题出发,分析铁路审计信息化的现状,提出进一步推进审计信息化建设,加快实现“三个转变”的建议和措施。     

Factors influencing women's decision to leave an organization following childbirth

The purpose of this study was to understand the reasons why college-educated women leave organizations after childbirth. Results from 228 women who participated in a study of intention to work following childbirth indicated specific work and family factors that differentiated mothers who returned to work from mothers who stayed home after childbirth. Comparisons were also made between women who had a child and those who anticipated having a child. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for organizational policy makers.     

结构差异、增长质量与经济周期波动的关联度

改革开放以来,需求结构中消费率的不断下降、所有制结构中国有制经济成分在国民经济中比重的持续降低以及产业结构中第二产业增加值占GDP比重的相对稳定,构成了我国经济周期波动的主要来源。在它们的共同作用下,我国经济周期波动性不断减弱,经济增长质量明显提高。针对经济结构变动中存在的影响以及经济周期波动性的因素,应相应降低经济周期波动的风险。     

制度变迁过程中的意识形态因素分析

制度变迁理论是新制度经济学研究的重要内容之一.制度变迁分为强制性制度变迁和诱致性制度变迁,无论哪一种制度变迁方式,意识形态均对其有着重要的影响.意识形态是个人与其环境达到一致的一种节约交易成本的工具.它能修正个人行为,从而减少或克服集体行动中"搭便车"的机会主义行为.成功的意识形态能够促进制度变迁的实现,减少制度变迁构成中的交易成本,它必须具有灵活性、崇尚创新性、敢于纠错性和不断开放性等特点.     

大数据背景下企业财务管理面临的挑战与变革

随着社会经济的快速发展,市场经济体制在不断地完善,科学技术水平也在不断地上升,这时我国进入了大数据时代。传统的财务管理模式已经无法再适应时代的发展变化,所以企业应该及时转变自身的财务管理模式,更新管理理念。论文针对大数据背景下企业财务管理面临的挑战和变革进行分析,介绍财务部门的主要作用和发展现状,并提出提高财务管理水平的具体方法和策略,希望能够为企业的发展起到一些参考作用。     

Re-examination of wage, employment, and hours adjustments: what is crucial for differences in the adjustments?

Manufacturing wage, employment, and hours adjustments are significantly different among developed countries, typically between Japan and the US. The problem of explaining the differences is closely related to that of what effect the extent of wage flexibility has on labor market adjustments. However, prevailing theories are invalid or incomplete for explaining the differences. The differences in the adjustments cannot be unrelated with institutional features of the labor market. Indeed, the extent of wage flexibility depends on the differences in the institutional features. Using a new model with such an idea, this paper theoretically re-examines the cause of the differences in the adjustments. The crucial causes are the characteristics of wage flexibility as well as the differences of the institutional features. The characteristics are that wage adjustment is discontinuous, infrequent, and has a lower limit in comparison with changes in demand.