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71.
We exploit exogenous variation from a pension reform in Denmark to estimate the effect of tax subsidies on total private saving. We present new evidence on individuals in the middle of the income distribution and show that a reduction in tax subsidies for retirement saving reduces total private saving. The reform changed the tax incentives for saving in the pension scheme that holds the highest tax advantage for middle-income workers in Denmark. We find that for each unit of reduced saving in this pension scheme, only 64 percent is substituted to other types of saving.  相似文献   
72.
In this paper we investigate whether and to what extent inheritance expectations act as a driver of economic choices. We use survey data that are representative of the Dutch adult population with a specific module on subjective probabilities on receiving an inheritance and its amount in the next 10 years. We analyze whether the expected inheritance acts as a deterrent to saving. Results suggest that individuals perceive the expected inheritances as a potential increase of personal wealth, which leads to a reduction in savings. Expectations also appear to matter for the intentions to bequeath and for intended choices on work versus leisure in the future.  相似文献   
73.
74.
储蓄过剩对宏观经济政策的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
根据宏观经济分析框架,私人部门储蓄过剩导致我国近年来财政赤字和对外贸易顺差交替出现巨额增长,使财政政策和对外贸易政策面临两难选择.为维持总量平衡,保持适度的经济增长,应充分发挥财政的稳定机制,为提升消费支出的比重建立良好的政策保障.  相似文献   
75.
To account for economic dependency we propose an adjustment to the old-age dependency ratio based on savings of the elderly. Computations are simple and the adjusted ratio is aimed at retaining the exogenous character of the conventional demographic ratio. Data from an economy with stagnating incomes and a fast growing elderly population (Japan) and an economy with fast growing incomes (Singapore) highlight that the conventional dependency ratio substantially exaggerates the burden of the elderly.  相似文献   
76.
We study the evolution of the cost of public service provision when subjected to a competitive tendering process. We add to the existing literature by analysing cost savings over successive rounds of tendering. Previous results in the literature show that initial cost savings tend to disappear over time with the age of the contract. Our findings suggest that each additional round of tendering will be followed by a renewal of cost savings. Thus, keeping competitive pressure via periodic tendering appears to address the problem.  相似文献   
77.
动员储蓄是金融系统的基本功能,“二战”后发展中国家普遍实施的金融抑制政策削弱了金融系统的基本功能。这种政策在长期内降低了私人储蓄率,不利于经济发展。金融自由化能通过利率、收入、资产选择效应等多种机制提高私人储蓄率。中国自20世纪90年代逐渐推行金融自由化运动。选取1992—2006年为样本区间,通过对中国银行自由化的储蓄效应进行实证分析,认为中国的银行自由化对提高私人储蓄率作用是显著的,且具有统计上的规律性。  相似文献   
78.
It is widely recognised that population growth can have two conflicting effects on savings. It reduces savings as it leads to more dependent children, but if balanced it can also increase savings by increasing the number entering the working part of the life cycle and hence the number of potential savers. However, this positive effect has largely been ignored in the empirical literature. Based on the population growth rate as its measure and an augmented cross‐country life cycle regression model evidence for its existence is confirmed. Confidence in the estimates is undermined by tests indicating that in many countries over the relevant period population growth was not in steady state balance. This is ameliorated by the high regression R2s and by comparable labour force growth rate estimates, but it was also found that the estimates could not be interpreted as evidence that countries with more rapid population growth rates actually save more. This is because the negative impact of larger families was found to outweigh any increase in savings because of more families. The net elasticity effect was calculated to be ??0.08. The paper concludes that savings continues to be a cost of rapid population growth, but perhaps not quite as debilitating as some might have presumed.  相似文献   
79.
非正规金融以其特有的根源和历史沉淀为小额信贷的发展提供了养分,而作为扶贫重要手段之一的小额信贷也为非正规金融的合理发展指明了方向.合会是长期存在于我国民间的一种非正规金融组织,因而它的存在有一定的必然性和适应性.改变当前合会风险高、还款率较低的劣势,将其运用在小额信贷的框架下成为小额信贷的新模式,这是探索适合我国农村新型小额信贷模式并借此将非正规金融引向良性发展轨道的一种有效尝试.  相似文献   
80.
养老保险作为政府的一种强制性储蓄,为弥补个人的短视行为,调整储蓄率使其达到社会最优水平提供了可能,不同的养老保险机制其调节作用是不同的。通过对比各国不同的养老保险机制发现,我国特有的“统账结合”模式能有效地调节社会储蓄和消费比例,支撑宏观经济的调控。  相似文献   
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