美国次贷危机成因及影响研究综述

本文对美国次贷危机成因及影响的研究文献进行了梳理和归纳,首先从外部的经济周期和内部的资产证券化运作两方面概述了美国次贷危机的成因,然后归纳了次贷危机对全球及中国的金融机构、资本流动、实体经济的影响,在此基础上从风险防范、加强监管、把握宏观政策平衡及转变经济增长模式等方面提出了次贷危机对我国的几点启示。     

试论房价波动对商业银行资产的影响

基于次贷危机的启示,本文构建了在不同的金融发展程度下房地产价格波动对商业银行资产影响的理论模型,并在此基础上对中国的现状进行分析,指出当前对中国的影响主要集中于商业银行基于负债业务发放的贷款领域。进一步地,利用向量自回归模型(VAR)及冲击响应函数对中国房地产价格波动对商业银行贷款的影响进行了实证检验。研究表明:金融创新改变了房地产价格波动对商业银行资产的影响模式;中国房价波动对商业银行资产的影响主要集中在源于银行负债发放的贷款领域,但总体影响有限;中国应加快发展银行资产证券化业务,谨慎发展信用衍生产品。     

我国知识产权证券化的法律障碍与对策

知识产权证券化对知识产权成果的转化与知识经济的发展具有重要的现实意义,世界知识产权组织更是将知识产权证券化形容为一个新的发展趋势。知识产权证券化在我国尚处于探索阶段,文章对知识产权证券化的法律障碍进行了分析,并提出了相应的解决对策。     

贸易与气候变化的关联机理分析

气候作为全球性环境公共品,维护气候安全也是贸易发展所追求的目标,贸易发展目标与气候目标相一致。贸易对气候的影响主要体现在生产环节,运输环节的气候效应不足为虑。气候友好商品贸易自由化可在全球范围内增进结构和技术效应,有助于贸易与气候目标相互支持。气候和贸易政策都与各国的贸易利益紧密相关,只有在相关国家间相对均衡地分割贸易利益才能消除贸易与气候目标之间的潜在冲突。外松内紧是我国在国际气候博弈中的应对策略。     

制约我国地方性国有资产证券化的因素与对策研究

证券化是地方性国有资产保值增值的重要手段。但是在地方性国有资产证券化过程中存在一些制约因素,包括主观因素和客观因素,其中主观因素主要是在国有资产功能、公有制效率等理论方面存在认识偏差。为了顺利推进地方性国有资产证券化工作,有必要对这些因素进行分析,针对这些因素提出解决问题的对策,进一步推进地方性国有资产证券化。可以采取归纳、推理分析方法进行研究。可证券化的国有资产范围,应该从动态资产扩大到静态资产,从人工资产扩大到自然资产。     

矿产资源储量资产证券化融资研究

根据矿产资源储量的勘探程度把矿产资源储量划分为四类,通过对矿产资源储量资产证券化的风险隔离机制和信用增级机制进行分析,选用从属参与的信托模式实现风险隔离。依据矿产资源储量可信度的高低发行最优、次优和垃圾债券。通过特殊目的载体对矿产资源储量可信度高的债券全部向投资者发行,对可信度低的采用余额包销方式向投资者发行,并由此提出证券化融资效率评价的矿山建设和开发的经济评价模型及资产支持债券定价模型。     

Asset Securitization and Welfare Compensation for House Demolition on New-Type Urbanization in China

In this paper we design a compensation mechanism for the relocated households in the process of New-Type Urbanization in China. Based on the theories of dynamic rent spatial separation, bid-rent and non-renewable resource exploitation, we give a theretical look at how the current compensation mechanism shapes the welfare of relocated households. Firstly, land rent growth has a spatial difference and the growth rate of the marginal location rent is much higher than that of the mature site. Secondly, there is a demolition championship contest under the sole static money compensation, which can easily lead to land urbanization faster than population urbanization. Thirdly, in the long run the welfare loss of the household is mainly due to the absence of a dynamic compensation mechanism. Furthermore, we design a dynamic compensation mechanism based on the establishment of an asset securitization capital pool, which could be an alternative scheme in the process of New-Type Urbanization.     

Accounting Quality in Eastern Europe after Communism

Research Question/Issue: This study, in the taxonomy of Schiehll and Martins (2016 Schiehll, E. and H. C. Martins. 2016. Cross-national governance research: A systematic review and assessment. Corporate Governance: An International Review 24 (3):181–99. doi:10.1111/corg.12158.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), examines cross-national corporate governance, within their “legal” category. It rests on the understanding that to fully grasp corporate governance it is essential to understand the embedded institutions. The research question is: Does an increase in legal quality cause an associated increase in the quality of corporate governance in the form of financial reports to investors? If so, this supports the fundamental importance of legal systems to earnings quality. Reliable evidence on whether there is an association between legal quality and financial reporting quality would be an empirical association showing that where legal quality is higher, earnings quality is also higher, and conversely.

Research Findings/Insights: The results show clearly that in 2005 and 2010, when adequate data are available for testing, earnings quality is poor: far more companies show small gains than small losses. A great deal of managerial discretion is exercised in arriving at accounting figures, since many amounts depend on forecasts of future events. A significant number of firms use that latitude to show positive earnings. As to patterns of earnings management among three clusters of countries, the small number of firms generally precludes strong statistically supported evidence of management within the clusters. Nevertheless, the whole is the sum of the parts, and the parts (clusters) indicate the clusters most responsible for the overall result. There is little evidence of small gains exceeding small losses in the Baltics, greater differences in the Visegrád countries, and big differences in southern Europe.

Theoretical/Academic Implications: Based on both (a) the historical background of legal systems and (b) attitudes concerning legal quality measured at the same time as the earnings measures, the accounting results are consistent with the prediction of a strong legal culture driving effective corporate governance.

Practitioner/Policy Implications: The results show that eastern firms, on aggregate, have yet to reach the level of their western counterparts. However, the differences do not seem highly significant, and indicate that convergence is close in this area. This, in turn, should guide and encourage legislators in their work.     

Extreme events and the cumulative distribution of net gains in gambling and structured products

We argue that ethical principles in advertising and market communication cannot be properly discovered and applied to gambling without a deep understanding of its probabilistic implications, in particular when extreme events are influential. We carry out a probabilistic analysis of lottery games with lifetime prizes in order to derive sound recommendations about the pertinent information that should be communicated to nudge gamblers. We propose to focus on the cumulative distribution of net gains, for which there is currently no information available to gamblers. This holds true for structured products in which extreme events matter as well.     

公允价值变动损益与盈余质量相关性的实证研究

对2007年沪深A股上市公司公允价值变动损益与盈余质量的相关性的实证研究表明,公允价值变动损益的计算符合会计准则的规定;公允价值变动损益在总体上提高了盈余质量,可以给投资者提供及时的盈余信息。