Individual rights and organizational theory

Rights are very important concepts in everyday life. And they are especially important to participants in organizations. Yet, our theories of organization and management have largely ignored rights — stressing, instead, other concepts, such as goals, roles, etc. This article describes the historical significance of rights and their relevance in understanding social behavior. The advantages of a right-based organizational theory (versus traditional goal-based theories) are discussed.This article draws on the author's forthcoming book,A Social-Contract Theory of Organizations (University of Notre Dame Press, 1988).     

An alternative employee rights paradigm: Labor process theory

A dialectical relationship exists between the capitalist desire for accumulation of wealth and profits, and the rights of employees. Labor process theory exposes facets of the fundamental incongruity between the interests of employers and workers in a capitalist political economy. An analysis of employee rights through the labor process framework facilitates the potential for human emancipation by illuminating the ideological, political, and economic sources of domination and repression that are embedded in the capitalist system. In this article, three core elements of labor process theory—the social relations of production, the managerial control imperative, and the restructuring of work—are used to highlight ways in which organizations maintain their hegemonic position. This exposé offers the basis for an alternative paradigmatic view of the employment relationship and informs our thinking of how employee rights are impacted, and often tempered, in work organizations. Portions of this article were presented by both authors at the 12th Annual International Labour Process Conference March, 1994 in Birmingham, England.     

Binary effectivity rules

A social choice rule (SCR) is a collection of social choice correspondences, one for each agenda. An effectivity rule is a collection of effectivity functions, one for each agenda. We prove that every monotonic and superadditive effectivity rule is the effectivity rule of some SCR. A SCR is binary if it is rationalized by an acyclic binary relation. The foregoing result motivates our definition of a binary effectivity rule as the effectivity rule of some binary SCR. A binary SCR is regular if it satisfies unanimity, monotonicity, and independence of infeasible alternatives. A binary effectivity rule is regular if it is the effectivity rule of some regular binary SCR. We characterize completely the family of regular binary effectivity rules. Quite surprisingly, intrinsically defined von Neumann–Morgenstern solutions play an important role in this characterization.     

最终控制人特征与上市公司现金股利政策

本文以2002年-2004年上市公司的股利分配数据,实证检验了最终控制人的特征对上市公司现金股利政策的影响.结果表明.上市公司现金股利政策与最终控制人的侵害动机成反比,现金股利的支付率随着最终控制人控制权比例的增加呈先减少后增加的U形变动;两权分离程度越小,派发现金股利的水平就越大,但这种影响主要来自于较高的现金流量权,现金流量权比例越大,派发现金股利的概率和水平也越大;最终控制人性质为政府尤其是地方政府时,上市公司派发现金股利的概率和水平更高.     

解读会计信息产权

会计信息外部性的存在带来会计信息供求的冲突,解决此冲突的规则就是会计信息产权。会计信息产权需要界定才能发挥其应有的效能,会计信息产权的界定取决于对企业所有权分享、管制和道德等因素,企业所有权分享下的会计信息产权界定是初始的界定,无法完成初始界定时可采用管制方式进行强权界定,道德是会计信息产权界定不可缺少的因素。国企改革所滋生的各种问题的根源在于会计信息产权畸形性,欲抑制其畸形,正确处理国企所有权的分享问题的同时,建立“共同治理”的机制和“相机治理”机制是必不可少的。     

新历史学派、德国实践与我国医疗改革——兼论我国医疗保障改革设想

德国新历史学派是19世纪最主要的经济思想之一，其主要观点在抨击自由经济主义的同时，也为德意志帝国社会保障体系的建立提供了直接理论基础。而当今德国的医疗保障实践则是政府主导、市场参与的“混合型”医疗保障模式，这充分综合了政府和市场两种资源配置方式的优势。德国新历史学派的主要观点和德国实践经验对我国当前的医疗改革有较好的指导意义。我国医改必须重新对政府与市场在医疗保障改革中进行合理定位、明确边界，建立国家主导、市场参与的“混合型”医疗保障模式。市场化或者国家统管的医疗改革方案都是违背理论规律和历史实践的。     

论我国国有饭店的市场型委托代理模式--可行性与产权安排

国有饭店的改革问题一直是业界、学界和政府部门共同关注的问题，在分析了我国国有饭店现有的委托代理模式的基础上，对我国国有饭店实行市场型委托代理模式的可行性及其产权实现形式进行了研究。     

谈创意产业发展中的知识产权保护问题

创意产业作为以知识产权为核心资产的新产业门类,正在成为全球经济和现代产业发展的一个新亮点而备受关注。知识产权是创意产业发展的基础,发展创意产业必须加强对知识产权的保护,以保障创意主体的合法权益,激发创意产业发展的活力。     

我国上市公司融资结构存在的问题及改进措施

现代融资理论认为企业的最优融资顺序为内部融资—债权融资—股权融资。而我国的上市公司却表现出典型的股权融资偏好,与西方现代企业在融资偏好上存在着明显的差异。在阐述现代融资理论的基础上,分析了我国上市公司融资结构存在的问题及其产生原因,指出了股权性融资偏好所带来的不良影响,最后提出了相应的改进措施。     

融入WTO与维护教育主权

加入WTO,对我国教育主权的维护提出了新的问题.我们必须增强教育主权维护意识,积极拓展教育增长空间,参与国际区域教育合作,加快我国教育事业的发展.把融入WTO与维护教育主权有机地统一起来.