商业银行流动性危机传染机理研究

银行危机传染往往给一个国家或地区的经济带来巨大的损失.不完全的银行间拆借市场中隐含了更大的银行危机传染的可能性;银行间的长期资产越多,银行间拆借的短期利率和银行间存款的长期利率越高,银行间拆借市场就越稳定,在遭受流动性冲击时,这一市场发生银行危机传染的可能性就越小.适量的银行存款对传染效应具有阻碍作用.为防范系统性风险,中国商业银行应逐步建立完备的银行间存款市场,减少政府干预,让市场约束力来强化商业银行的风险管理意识.     

Usury and Just Compensation: Religious and Financial Ethics in Historical Perspective

Usury is a concept often associated more with religiously based financial ethics, whether Christian or Islamic, than with the secular world of contemporary finance. The problem is compounded by a tendency to interpret riba, prohibited within Islam, as both usury and interest, without adequately distinguishing these concepts. This paper argues that in Christian tradition usury has always evoked the notion of money demanded in excess of what is owed on a loan, disrupting a relationship of equality between people, whereas interest was seen as referring to just compensation to the lender. Although it is often claimed that hostility towards ‘usury’ has been in retreat in the West since the protestant Reformation, we would argue that the crucial break came not with Calvin, but with Jeremy Bentham, whose critique of the arguments of Adam Smith, upholding the reasonableness of the laws against usury, led to the abolition of the usury laws in England in 1854. There has to be a role for law, whether Islamic or secular, in regulating financial relationships. We argue that by retrieving the necessary distinction between demanding usury as illegitimate predatory lending and interest as legitimate compensation, we can discover common ground behind the driving principles of financial ethics within both Islamic and Christian tradition that may still be of relevance today. By re-examining past ethical discussions of the distinction between usury and just compensation, we argue that the world’s religious traditions can make significant contributions to contemporary debate. Constant Mews is Director of the Centre for Studies in Religion and Theology at Monash University. He holds PhD and Masters degrees in medieval history, and pursues research in medieval religion, thought and ethics. Ibrahim Abraham is a PhD student in the School of Political and Social Inquiry, Monash University, with degrees in religion studies as well as law. His research interests include religion and culture, fair trade, and human rights.     

森林资源资产抵押贷款价值评估研究

以现有的抵押贷款评估法律、法规及金融机构的相关规定为依据,结合资产评估的一般理论及森林资源资产的特点,探讨了森林资源资产抵押贷款评估的目的、假设等若干理论问题,深入分析了抵押贷款的价值类型,讨论了评估方法在森林资源资产抵押贷款评估中的选择与使用问题,提出了规范与完善森林资源资产抵押贷款的相关建议。     

P2P网络借贷平台倒闭原因的实证分析

自2013年以来,P2P网络借贷平台倒闭趋势持续蔓延。本文基于中国111个问题P2P网络借贷平台数据,探讨这些平台的地域分布、注册资本和生存时间等方面的特征,并对P2P网络借贷平台出现问题的原因进行了实证分析,研究发现：平台经营经验、地区行业竞争程度对问题平台生存时间有显著正向影响,而平台注册资本对问题平台生存时间无显著影响。     

社区银行的内涵特征、历史沿革与模式创新--基于中外社区银行的内容分析与案例研究

本研究梳理了社区与社区银行的概念,通过对14组代表性定义的内容分析和编码发现传统社区银行的实质就是中小型商业银行。社区隐含了社区银行的覆盖范围、服务对象和业务特征,其服务对象没有实质差别。研究提出了社区银行的四个维度和特征,分别是银行规模、覆盖范围、服务对象和业务种类。监管机构和美国提出者更关注银行规模,而研究者特别是中国研究者更重视覆盖范围。因此,“地理范围论”和“资产规模论”基本成立,而“国别论”理论差别不大,“所有制论”和“形态论”并不成立。通过案例研究和实地调研归纳出社区银行的三种主要模式：即美国的“关系信贷”、澳大利亚的“特许经营”和中国的“金融生态”模式。其中,“特许经营”模式变相扩大了银行规模和覆盖范围两个维度,而“金融生态”模式扩展和丰富了银行规模、覆盖范围和业务种类。最后,结合发达国家的先进经验,有针对性地提出四点建议,并构建了中国社区银行建设的特征与要素模型。     

P2P网络借贷研究文献综述

与传统的银行贷款相比,P2P网络借贷从其诞生之日起就伴随着各种争议。目前,P2P网络借贷是一个相对较新的研究领域。文章首先叙述了当前主要P2P在线平台的运营模式,此外从"硬因素"和"软因素"两方面来分别阐述它们对贷款成功率的影响,由此得出了借贷双方信息不对称、网络安全风险和借新账还旧账等P2P网络借贷的三大风险。最终,在总结已有的研究成果的基础上,提出了自己对P2P网络借贷未来发展和研究方向的见解。     

贷款行业集中度对商业银行系统性风险影响的实证研究——基于MES方法

金融危机爆发后,银行业系统性风险得到了广泛的关注。基于2007-2012年中国10家上市银行的相关数据,文章利用MES方法测算系统性风险贡献度,分析贷款行业集中度对商业银行系统性风险的影响。研究结果表明,贷款行业集中度对商业银行系统性风险存在正向影响。因此,商业银行在投放贷款过程中,应该防范贷款行业投向的过度集中,从而减少系统性风险爆发的可能性。该研究结论为我国商业银行合理配置信贷资源提供了有利的依据。     

Payday Loan Choices and Consequences

High‐cost consumer credit has proliferated in the past two decades, raising regulatory scrutiny. We match administrative data from a payday lender with nationally representative credit bureau files to examine the choices of payday loan applicants and assess whether payday loans help or harm borrowers. We find consumers apply for payday loans when they have limited access to mainstream credit. In addition, the weakness of payday applicants’ credit histories is severe and longstanding. Based on regression discontinuity estimates, we show that the effects of payday borrowing on credit scores and other measures of financial well‐being are close to zero. We test the robustness of these null effects to many factors, including features of the local market structure.     

P2P网络借贷的风险与监管问题分析

近年来,作为金融创新的一种形式,我国P2P网贷平台迅猛发展,在解决资金供需矛盾的同时,也出现一系列负面问题,如跑路、提现困难,甚至诈骗等现象。因此,如何对P2P网贷平台进行风险防范和监管成为当前亟需解决的问题。P2P网络借贷的风险主要表现为:借款人引发的风险;投资人引发的风险;担保人引发的风险;平台引发的风险。对P2P网络借贷进行风险防范和监管的措施应包括:完善相关法律体系,明确法律地位;完善网络借贷行业规则和监管标准;建立完善透明的征信机制;加强网贷平台的行为监管;加强消费者保护和消费者风险教育。     

借贷中的私人关系嵌入问题研究

关系借贷是我国金融领域的普遍现象 ,本文采用社会嵌入性的分析框架 ,认为经济交易是嵌入于当事人的具体的社会关系之中的 ,经济交易域嵌入社会交换域或政治域放松了贷方交易域的激励约束 ,当贷方是银行代理经营者时 ,经营者与关系人形成二次嵌入关系 ,并可能与关系人合谋 ,从中谋取私利 ,关系有助于解决意会信息问题 ,并对借方的道德风险起一定的约束作用 ,但不能完全解决逆向选择和道德风险。