水杨酸和茉莉酸甲酯对喜树种子中次生代谢产物含量的影响

水杨酸和茉莉酸甲酯均使萌发喜树种子喜树碱含量在初期下降,后期上升;但其衍生物10-羟基喜树碱在第1天迅速上升,但随后几天水杨酸处理组一直低于对照,茉莉酸甲酯处理组相对对照呈波动变化,且高浓度茉莉酸甲酯处理下波动幅度更大。种子中总酚和总黄酮含量均呈逐渐下降趋势,但不同处理未发现明显差异。     

过氧乙酸杀菌剂制备工艺的优化研究

过氧乙酸不仅是一种良好的氧化剂,而且是一种广谱、高效、速效、廉价的灭菌剂,应用广泛。通过改变物料配比、反应物浓度、催化剂用量等工艺条件,优化制备过氧乙酸工艺条件。     

Stimulating different types of eco-innovation in the UK: Government policies and firm motivations

In this paper, we adopt a recent OECD framework and examine the role of external policy tools and internal firm specific factors for stimulating three different types of eco-innovations that range on a spectrum of lower to higher technological and environmental impacts: End-of-Pipeline Pollution Control Technologies, Integrated Cleaner Production Technologies and Environmental R&D. Using a novel firm-level dataset from a DEFRA survey, we estimate a Tobit model, which provides empirical evidence showing that these eco-innovations are motivated by different external policy tools and internal firm specific factors. Our findings indicate that End of Pipeline Technologies and Integrated Cleaner Production Technologies are mainly driven by equipment upgrade motives with a view of improving efficiency while environmental regulations are effective in stimulating the End-of-Pipeline technologies and Environmental R&D. Interestingly, alongside government induced regulations, we find that market factors, mainly motivated by cost savings, are effective in driving Environmental R&D. Finally, ISO14001 certification is effective in strengthening the positive impact of environmental management systems on both End-of-Pipeline technologies and Environmental R&D while CSR policies have no significant impact on motivating any of the eco-innovations.     

Outside versus inside bonds: A Modigliani–Miller type result for liquidity constrained economies

When agents are liquidity constrained, two options exist – sell assets or borrow. We compare the allocations arising in two economies: in one, agents can sell government (outside) bonds and in the other they can borrow by issuing (inside) bonds. All transactions are voluntary, implying no taxation or forced redemption of private debt. We show that any allocation in the economy with inside bonds can be replicated in the economy with outside bonds but that the converse is not true. However, the optimal policy in each economy makes the allocations equivalent.     

Association of Southeast Asian Nations Economic Integration: Developments and Challenges

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was formed in 1967 for geopolitical reasons, but faced with the competitive threat from the North American Free Trade Agreement and the European Single Market, it embarked in 1992 on the ASEAN Free Trade Area in goods, followed by liberalization of services trade and investment flows. A subsequent competitive threat from the rise of China and India led to the ASEAN Economic Community in 2003, targeted at creating a single market and production base and a competitive region with equitable economic development and integrated with the global economy. The ASEAN Economic Community is not quite a common market as it allows for only freer flows of capital and free flows of skilled labor. ASEAN's economic diversity led to difficulties with implementation and the need to narrow the development gap. ASEAN's dependence on global markets and investors led to the emphasis on open regionalism, support of the World Trade Organization, and free trade agreements with its major trade and investment partners.     

“十二五”时期中部传统农业大省外围区与中心区经济协调发展研究

文章提出了在保障国家粮食安全、不牺牲中心区发展速度等约束条件下,促进中部传统农业大省外围区与中心区经济协调发展的总体方案,即加快外围区农村综合改革,培育与壮大外围区区域性中心城市,推进省级边界区域的开放与合作。在这一方案的贯彻实施中,应当注重农民专业合作组织的建设,强化外围区中心城市的产业支撑作用,推动边界区域一体化合作组织的成立。     

Cooperative fiscal policy at the zero lower bound

This paper investigates the use of fiscal policy in response to a large negative aggregate demand shock which may push the global economy into a liquidity trap. Fiscal policy may be an effective tool to respond to a liquidity trap, but its international spillover effects may operate quite differently from its domestic effects. We derive the optimal cooperative fiscal response to a global liquidity trap in a two country world economy. Surprisingly, we find that the optimal fiscal spending response for a partner country to a negative aggregate demand shock in a source country may be negative. If fiscal policy can be chosen under policy commitment, the optimal response involves current fiscal expansion combined with future fiscal contraction, after the liquidity trap has ended.     

浅析5“E”在新闻中心政治思想工作中的应用

5"E"因素会通过各种渠道对政治思想工作产生影响,可以通过畅通渠道,加强宣传、强化监督等手段引导其对新闻中心政治思想工作发挥积极作用。     

长株潭"3+5"城市群产业目标结构研究

通过对长株潭"3+5"城市群产业结构现状与同等收入水平的国际"标准"产业目标,发现长株潭"3+5"城市群的产业结构现状与国际"标准"产业目标结构差距较大,国际"标准"产业目标结构不宜作为其产业调整的近期目标结构.最后,结合长株潭"3+5"城市群内各市的发展现状,制定了各市产业调整的近期目标结构.     

The multiple effects of carbon values on optimal rotation

Non-consumptive benefits which increase with crop age, like keeping carbon sequestered, lengthen optimal rotation compared with rotation for timber alone. High proposed carbon prices may extend rotation indefinitely. Carbon storage in wood products reduces this tendency. Biomass as an energy source displacing fossil fuels favours rotations near those of maximum biomass productivity. Use of sawn timber to displace structural materials with high embodied carbon favours somewhat longer rotations. Effects of rotation on soil carbon, and fossil carbon volatilised in harvesting operations, are further complications. Including all carbon effects results in optimal rotations somewhat longer than those based only on timber value, but shorter than those based on timber plus forest carbon. To include all factors intuitively is not possible: balanced appraisal needs economic calculations.