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101.
This article is based on a case study carried out at Casa Malva, a shelter for female victims of gender violence in Gijón, Asturias (Spain). The study explores the potential therapeutic value of leisure in the process of personal recovery for women living in sheltered accommodation, and the positive impact leisure may have in overcoming a traumatic life event. The study comprised 16 semi-structured interviews with female victims of gender violence and three discussion groups with shelter staff. The article examines the concept of leisure and the potential benefits of leisure activities as part of the Personal Recovery Project (PRP) run by Casa Malva. PRP is an innovative recovery initiative aimed at helping women to overcome situations of gender violence by focusing on areas of experience, such as family, employment and leisure.  相似文献   
102.
The perceived benefits of agritourism: The provider’s perspective   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This study examines the perceived benefits of agritourism by examining the importance of this activity in accomplishing 16 goals of farmers receiving visitors for recreation on their farms. This study also examines several farm household and business attributes associated with the accomplishment of four goal dimensions driving agritourism development. Data were derived from a survey conducted among 164 agritourism farms in Missouri. Results showed that agritourism mostly serves to capture new farm customers, educate the public about agriculture and enhance the quality of life for the farm family, which represents both, economic and non-economic benefits. Organized by goal dimensions, findings showed that agritourism is perceived as most important for market related goals, suggesting that the economic role of agritourism should not only be measured in terms of increased profits but also as a marketing tool. Four significant regression models showed that several farm business and household attributes are associated to the perceived agritourism benefits within four goal dimensions, suggesting opportunities for tailored promotional messages and policy considerations for the entrepreneurial development of agritourism.  相似文献   
103.
The current global wave of land acquisition – variously debated as land grabbing or investment in land – is promoted by the World Bank and the FAO as creating win–win-situations for local populations and investors alike. Common policy recommendations suggest expanding the production of export crops, by making use of marginal or unused land. Considerable potentials for such an expansion are assumed. Taking Tanzania as a case study, the evidence for such types of land is assessed by using a broad range of statistics. We will argue firstly, that the terms marginal and unused land serve as a manipulative terminology for the benefit of attempts to commercially valorize and commodify African landscapes, from biofuel to large-scale food production and tourism. However, they relate to different rationalities of domination. Unused land refers to a state-bureaucratic narrative, which excludes user groups deemed irrelevant for national development, while marginal land refers to a capitalist-economic narrative that excludes what is not profitable. Secondly, the terms are analyzed as categories central for state simplification of social relations attached to land. Modelling of these land use categories based on remote sensing is an attempt to compensate weak state capacities to enhance the legibility of the landscape by constructing it as a landscape of commercial value.  相似文献   
104.
圆顶保温仓库,具有结构简单、高强度、无梁、无柱、密封、保温、通风性能良好等特点。它是储存粮食、蔬菜、瓜果、肉类的理想设备  相似文献   
105.
This study examines the association between when an airline sells its passenger seats and the pricing method (marginal cost or full cost) it employs. Prior literature suggests that when firms are able to change prices during the selling period, the optimality of full cost pricing or marginal cost pricing depends on when demand information is revealed during the period between capacity commitment decisions and time of sale. Full cost‐based pricing is appropriate in determining capacity commitment and prices simultaneously, while marginal cost provides more relevant information for pricing when capacity has been committed. Using the price and cost data from a sample of four U.S. domestic airlines, we find that full cost explains price variations of first‐day sales robustly. The adjusted R2 of the marginal cost pricing model is larger in the sample of sales two days prior to departure than in the sample of first‐day sales. In the analysis of the sample of sales two days prior to departure, we find that, based on the adjusted R2 of the full cost pricing and marginal cost pricing models, the explanatory power of marginal cost pricing is relatively weaker than full cost pricing. Our results document the use of different cost information along the dynamic change of price and provide implications in understanding the role of cost information in setting prices.  相似文献   
106.
The objective of this case study was to assess economic benefits of past environmental policies of particulate matter (PM) in Tokyo by comparing observed pre‐control PM levels in 1975 and post‐control levels in 1998. The point estimates of the numbers of additional cases of avoided premature mortality and morbidity due to PM pollution control were (1) 3900 long‐term deaths in adults aged 30 years and older (population 5?098?000), (2) 4700 cases of chronic bronchitis in adults aged 30 years and older, (3) 7800 cases of in‐patient cardiovascular disease in adults aged 65 and older (population 1?281?942), (4) 3100 cases of in‐patient pneumonia in adults aged 65 and older, (5) 2500 cases of in‐patient chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults aged 65 and older, (6) 390?000 asthma attacks in asthmatics (population 450?000), and (7) 4500 cases of acute bronchitis in children aged 8–12 (population 300?300) during a one‐year period. The point estimate of medical costs in adults and children plus the cost of lost wages was a purchasing power parity‐adjusted $38 billion USD. Overall these results appear more likely to be underestimates than overestimates due to several unquantified benefits. The calculations of avoided health and productivity impacts suggest that pollution control policies successfully prevented a large expense to the society in extra medical care and lost work time.  相似文献   
107.
Abstract

The late Professor T. N. THIELE has pointed out, 1 Bulletins de l'Académie Royale de Danemark, 1906 N:o 3 p. 149–152. that a given correlation may sometimes be brought to vanish by a suitable linear transformation of the coordinates. Unfortunately his indications in this respect are very brief; and as the subject is not treated by means of frequency-surfaces, but only by a consideration of the first few moments (or rather “half-invariants ” 2 A kind of rational functions of the moments, see THIELE: Theory of Ohservations, London 1903, p. 24. — The same incomplete method has heen applied by C. Burrau (Meddelelser fra den antropologiske Komite p. 243–260). ) in a particular numerical case, his efforts have not resulted in establishing a correlation-formula which alone, by comparison with the observations, could prove his assertion right or wrong. I therefore propose to resume the subject, beginning with a few remarks on frequency-distributions with one single variable, and repeating, for the sake of completeness, a certain amount of known matter.  相似文献   
108.
战略采购的过程模型及其作用模式   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
基于交易成本/交易效益双边动态理论,本文发展了战略采购的过程模型,提出战略采购是一个由市场替代企业、优化网络节点、固化网络联结和整合网络能力四个环节构成的过程.目的是推动企业和市场向网络变迁以获得交易成本的持续降低和交易收益的持续创造。文中还指出了不同条件下的战略采购作用机理。在买方优势条件下.采购战略贡献高的能力可以通过发展单联网络来实现.而采购战略贡献低的能力可以通过发展并联网络来实现;在供方优势条件下,采购战略贡献高的能力可以通过发展外拓网络来实现.而采购战略贡献低的能力可以通过发展外联网络来实现。最后,根据我国战略采购实践和理论现状提出提高我国战略采购水平的对策和进一步理论研究的建议。  相似文献   
109.
In the standard Keynesian framework, government spending on useless public works has a larger multiplier effect than spending on government transfer payments does. In other words, spending on useless public works increases national income by more than an equivalent increase in government transfer payments would. Nevertheless, their effects on national benefit are identical. For both, the national benefit equals the direct benefit created by the spending. If there are two income classes, some transfers reduce both the national income and the national benefit. Some government purchases completely crowd out private consumption and reduce the national benefit.  相似文献   
110.
本文基于帕加诺AK内生增长理论模型,利用安徽省1978-2009年的时间序列数据,通过建立VEC模型和脉冲响应函数对安徽省农村金融发展与经济增长之间的作用机理进行实证研究。研究表明,金融相关率(FIR)、农村资本边际生产率与农村经济增长呈现长期稳定的正向关系,而储蓄率与经济增长之间呈现反向关系;此外,变量之间短期动态关系与长期均衡关系并不完全一致。  相似文献   
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