内向型创新、国际化与吸收能力影响技术标准的机制研究

技术标准竞争与吸收能力及开放式创新密切相关。探讨了内向型开放式创新、吸收能力与国际化过程中企业形成首个技术标准之间的关系。研究发现,内向型创新促进首个标准的形成,企业国际化程度与吸收能力对技术标准制定具有正向影响,但是这种效应随开放式创新形式的不同有所差异。     

面向区域创新发展的省级协同创新中心认定评价指标体系构建

省级协同创新中心作为地方协同创新体系的重要载体,不仅是区域创新发展的引领阵地,更是国家协同创新中心的前期培育。分析了开展省级协同创新中心认定评价的目的和意义,采用定性与定量相结合的综合评价方式,提出了面向区域创新发展的省级协同创新中心认定评价指标体系。     

墨西哥技术性贸易措施体系纵览

墨西哥作为新兴市场国家,经济发展潜力巨大,已成为各同贸易投资的对象。本文详细分析了近几年我国与墨西哥的贸易往来状况,墨西哥2008年的TBT通报情况以及墨西哥实施的技术性贸易措施体系,重点介绍了墨西哥国家标准体系概况和墨西哥NOM强制性认证体系。     

Profitability efficiency,marketability efficiency and technology gaps in Taiwan’s banking industry: meta-frontier network data envelopment analysis

The aim of this article is to measure the profitability efficiency (PE) and marketability efficiency (ME) of non-homogenous Taiwanese banks after the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards by using the convex meta-frontier data envelopment analysis model. The model is applied to simultaneously estimate PE and ME of the banks in financial holding companies (FHCs) and the banks not in FHCs. The meta-inefficiencies in individual processes are further decomposed into group inefficiencies and technology gap inefficiencies to explore the sources of inefficiency. The empirical results indicate that the banks in FHCs can reduce more costs than the banks not in FHCs, whereas the banks not in FHCs can create greater market value than the banks in FHCs. For the banks joining and not in FHCs, technology gap inefficiency is the main source of inefficiencies in both profitability and marketability processes.     

出口配电变压器的能效技术贸易壁垒分析

本文介绍了国内外主要国家的配电变压器能效标准,比较分析了国内外能效标准的差异及能效水平的高低。为国内出口配电变压器生产厂家克服国外技术贸易壁垒提供技术帮助,对促进国内节能变压器的升级改造和出口贸易的顺利发展具有指导意义。     

“Standards” as a Service Marketing Tool

Abstract

Standards have the potential to be a significant tool in the marketing of services, just as they have been in the marketing of products. Ranging from regulatory to voluntary, product-based to producer-based, standards can increase the competitive position of a product by reducing customer uncertainty. However, the lack of a framework for understanding and designing standards has limited their application in service industries.

Examination of existing standards suggests a framework of five key dimensions. Through the example of chemical management services (CMS) we show how this can be done, resulting in three options for the CMS industry. Using this framework as a guide, other service industries can determine if a standard would provide significant competitive advantage and, if so, design the optimal standard for their market conditions.     

Impact of International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS） Adoption on Key Financial Ratios＂ The Case of the Czech Republic

This contribution analyzes the impact of new International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS） reporting rules on financial ratios prepared in the Czech companies. Using a sample of 16 Czech firms, we attempt to measure the scope and size of the differences in the selected set of financial ratios as calculated with data reported according to the traditional Czech accounting standards （CAS） and under the IFRS provisions. Our study discovers that there are important differences resulting from the two reporting formats. Our research comes to a conclusion that translation of Czech statements to IFRS may cause changes in the values of financial indicators without relationship to the real change in the firms＇ value, performance, and stability. Even though the findings were not statistically significant, the indicative results of our measurements disclosed an important fact that the transition to IFRS could cause deterioration of key indicators and thereby could impact on the overall rating of companies. One needs to be cautious with generalization due to the small sample size.     

Self-Dealing Among Convergence and Path-Dependency Opportunities： An Empirical Analysis of Regulatory From Six European Countries

Self-dealing refers to all kinds of transactions and operations diverting value from a company to corporate controllers. In order to tackle self-dealing, academics and regulators have emphasised the legal tools. However, there is a divergence between those supporting the existence of a benchmark model towards which to converge （convergence hypothesis） and those underscoring the importance of socio-economic factors on the efficacy of governance rules （path-dependency view）. The aim of this paper is to join in the convergence vs. path-dependency debate by focusing on the efficiency of mandatory rules and investigating their effectiveness. Considering the current market integration, the traditional cost-benefit analysis has been extended in order to embrace costs specifically associated to the issue of domestic rules in a global scenario. This analysis supports the convergence view and encourages at least a partial and gradual adjustment of national legislations towards the prevailing Anglo-Saxon model. In order to test this hypothesis, an examination of the self-dealing regulatory （on conflict of interests and self-dealing） adopted in some Western （Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom （UK）） and Eastern （Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland） European countries has been conducted.     

The relationships between IFRS,earnings losses threshold and earnings management

An increasing number of countries have adopted International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Prior research indicates that IFRS increase the relevance of financial statements, but also increase opportunism in earnings management (EM). Despite this, no evidence is found in this study to demonstrate that the adoption of IFRS increases the use of EM by companies as a whole. Furthermore, the results indicate that the use of IFRS can enhance the neutrality of financial statements. However, these phenomena occur only in the case of firms with positive earnings. Therefore, if a firm faces earnings losses (ELOSS), the manager will often exhibit EM behaviour after implementing IFRS. Thus, when the firm has ELOSS and adopts IFRS, the situation that results will usually decrease the neutrality of financial statements. As for the management implications, these findings suggest that the government and regulator should implement more in-depth supervision to prevent the increased use of EM by managers following the adoption of IFRS.     

我国标准化与价格贸易条件的实证研究

价格贸易条件是衡量贸易利益变动的重要指标,标准作为国际贸易中越来越重要的因素之一,必将对其产生重要的影响。本文以1990-2007年我国的的数据为基础,进行实证分析,结果表明:在长期中,标准是改善价格贸易条件的重要因素。