论破产重整计划强制批准权的法律规制

就破产法的司法实践而言,异化的社会本位论和法律的不完备性是法院滥用重整计划强制批准权的主要原因。在我国,重整计划强制批准权的法律规制应遵循从价值取向矫正到制度构建的逻辑进路,在价值取向上应坚持私法自治基础上的利益平衡原则,在制度构建方面应以私法自治与利益平衡为基础,进一步完善破产重整计划强制批准制度的具体制度设计。     

国际贸易中涉外贴牌生产中的商标侵权问题研究

我国涉外贴牌生产中围绕贴牌商标的"侵权"问题已经产生了不少的法律纠纷和诉讼。但是对此我国并没有明确的司法解释,法院的判决也相互冲突。根据侵权行为构成的法理分析、《商标法》第52条中商标使用的分析和利益衡量原则,涉外贴牌生产企业的贴牌行为不应视为商标侵权行为。     

论社会保障

在对美国社会保障制度改革的政策建议中,彼得·戴蒙德教授主张通过养老金相关参数的调整来适应未来养老基金支出增长的压力,方式是改善养老金待遇标准和税收规则以确保养老基金的精算平衡。其基本观点是:第一,社会保障是退休后收入的基础,是防止贫困和失去保险机会的保障,所以社会保障制度应该建立;第二,因为人们很少自愿进行养老金积累,年金化的强制性公共养老金就非常重要,一是能平衡终生收入,二是能够提供就业激励;第三,公共养老金计划对工人及其家庭,特别是儿童、配偶和遗属有重要保障作用;第四,延迟退休能提高未来的消费,设计合理的待遇累进原则和退休审查制度会有助于增加劳动激励;第五,养老金的代际转移是一种再分配,较多的再分配会对工作生涯形成激励;第六,为实现精算平衡,应引入自动平衡机制来自动调整税率和待遇水平,以减少立法的压力。     

基于时间和成本的加工装配线物流平衡方法

本文提出一种基于时间和成本的加工装配线上物流的规划方法，在对现有的生产装配线重新分配工件的同时保证最大效益的改善，执行花费／效益分析，同时该平衡方法借助于数据库和电子表格的联合应用，可以在短时间内完成。文中以哈锅阀门股份有限公司生产线的改造为例，详细介绍了该方法的使用。计算结果表明，这种物流平衡方法提供了企业一种效率高，费用低的现有加工装配线改造方法。     

“The Times They Are a-Changin”: Family Responsibilities Discrimination and the EEOC

Family responsibilities discrimination, bias against workers based on their responsibilities to care for family members is widespread in many organizations and is rapidly becoming a twenty-first century workplace concern. Employers who harass, pass over for promotion, and even terminate workers because they care for children, elderly parents or spouses, or disabled family members have been sued with more frequency and have been paying increasing amounts in verdicts. Recently, the EEOC took an important step toward ending this discrimination by issuing enforcement guidelines that will educate employers and employees about family responsibilities discrimination and caregivers’ rights and responsibilities. The Guidelines explain how federal equal employment opportunity laws apply to workers who struggle to balance work and family, and what firms can do to avoid potential legal problems and accompanying liabilities with respect to family responsibilities and caregiving discrimination.

工业工程在某车辆段检修生产系统优化中的应用

铁路运输是我国最主要的运输方式,其中安全是铁路运输的关键,面对我国铁路跨越式的发展,新的车种、车型的不断引进,相应的对车辆的质量和检修工艺也提出了更高的要求。本文以某车辆段货车构架检修的生产工艺流程为研究对象,运用工作研究方法和生产线平衡的位置权重法对其检修生产线进行分析,找出工位瓶颈进行优化改善,减少了工位数,使得工位布局更加合理,平衡率由原来的53.57%提高到91.86%。本文运用的方法简单、实用,值得在生产企业中推广应用。     

SIMULTANEOUSLY BALANCING SUPPLY–USE TABLES AT CURRENT AND CONSTANT PRICES: A NEW PROCEDURE

According to the 1993 System of National Accounts, the annual Supply–Use Tables (SUTs) need to be compiled at both current and constant prices by the National Institutes of Statistics. The most appropriate way to obtain consistent SUTs at both current and constant prices is to balance them simultaneously but, in this case, the main complexity is the nonlinearity that inevitably occurs. This paper proposes a new method to balance extremely large sets of National Accounts simultaneously at current and constant prices. The distinctive features of the proposed balancing method are its flexibility, which is very high compared with the other methods in the literature, and its capability to allow the control of the consistency of the system of deflators that are used. This new balancing method has been applied to balance the Italian 2006 SUTs simultaneously at current and constant prices, and it has yielded very good outcomes.     

某减速器装配线平衡的精益改造研究

从装配线平衡和精益生产的概念出发,以某企业减速器装配生产线为实例,介绍了精益生产理论在改造装配线平衡问题上的应用。考虑装配生产现场,用鱼刺图分析了影响装配线平衡的各种制约因素,并系统的应用全员"5S"活动,制定标准作业时间,连续流改造以及团队互助协作等精益手段对原装配生产线进行改造。改造结果显示,装配线各工作站作业负荷趋于均衡,整体生产效率得以提高,改造效果明显。     

A GRAS VARIANT SOLVING FOR MINIMUM INFORMATION LOSS

The fundamental idea in Junius and Oosterhaven (2003) Junius, T. and Oosterhaven, J. 2003. The Solution of Updating or Regionalizing a Matrix with both Positive and Negative Entries. Economic Systems Research, 15: 87–96. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar] is to break down the information contained in the a priori data into two parts: algebraic signs, and absolute values. This approach is well grounded in information theory, and provides a basis on which to solve the problem of adjusting matrices with negative entries. However, Junius and Oosterhaven (2003) Junius, T. and Oosterhaven, J. 2003. The Solution of Updating or Regionalizing a Matrix with both Positive and Negative Entries. Economic Systems Research, 15: 87–96. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar] have formulated a target function that is not equivalent to the Kullback and Leibler (1951) Kullback, S. and Leibler, R. A. 1951. On Information and Sufficiency. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 4: 99–111.  [Google Scholar] cross-entropy measure, and so is not a representation of the minimum information loss principle. Neither is the alternative target function proposed by Lenzen et al. (2007) Lenzen, M., Wood, R. and Gallego, B. 2007. Some Comments on the GRAS Method. Economic Systems Research, 19: 461–465. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar]. This paper develops the exact Kullback and Leibler cross-entropy measure. In addition, following the constrained optimization approach, this paper applies the same principle to solve adjustment problems where row-sums, column-sums or both are constrained to zero.     

我国失地农民贫困现象分析

失地农民是我国社会结构变动过程中新出现的贫困阶层，他们不仅缺乏可供利用的经济资源，还缺乏改变这种状态的机会和能力，在社会的政治和经济资源分配体系中处于不利地位：我国失地农民的贫困具有被动性、区域性、边缘性和保障缺失性等特征，是当前诸多可能引发社会危机的潜在因素中最危险的因素：失地农民的困境折射出我国社会均衡机制缺损的现状，现行农村土地产权制度和农村土地征用制度的缺陷，是导致失地农民数量增长过快，使其陷入相对贫困乃至绝对贫困的重要原因。