特殊条件下客运站工程施工组织设计

施工组织设计能有效地把施工生产合理地组织起来,使工程的设计和施工、技术和经济、前方和后方有机结合起来,它有着重要的指导作用。文章以该车站工程的施工环境、特殊条件为基础,对施工组织设计进行深入研究,并结合实际工程概况制定了有效的解决措施;该工程又将"四新"技术切实有效地融入了施工组织设计中,从而保证了建设项目优质、高产、经济和安全。     

Security regulations,access to capital markets,and firm performance: Evidence from China

This study explores the cost of security regulations in China, where firms are required to meet a certain profitability benchmark before applying for permission to raise more equity via secondary equity offerings (SEOs). Using a difference-in-differences setting, we show that firms affected by the regulation (i.e., firms with high external financing demands (EFD) but profitability lower than the regulatory requirement) significantly underperform their counterparts, while unaffected firms do not. The affected firms’ performance decline increases (decreases) when the requirement of profitability is more (less) restricted. Consistently, the three-day cumulative abnormal return (CAR) of firms with high EFD is significantly negative (positive) when the regulation is tightened (loosened). Our study provides evidence on how the cost of regulation affects companies that have growth opportunities.     

外部审计师依赖内部审计功能的研究综述

在外部审计师依赖内部审计功能的研究中,国内外学者认为环境因素会影响内部审计的规模和质量,进而影响外部审计师依赖内部审计的功能。不少学者认为内部审计作为管理培训的会计风险、内部审计资源的安排和调整所产生的固有风险等因素都会影响外部审计师依赖内部审计的程度。另有学者认为外部审计师依赖内部审计的功能主要受内部审计外包的调整、非审计服务和客户的压力、内部审计资源调整等因素的影响。在今后的研究中应着重考虑治理质量因素的相互作用对外部审计师的影响和内部审计资源的影响因素以及这些因素如何影响外部审计的可靠性等方面。     

防恶意干扰的VANET双群联合定位算法

传统的无线定位方法直接应用于车辆自组织网络(VANET)时，会被窃听方利用定位信息，从而导致严重的安全隐患。为此，提出基于Bancroft方法的双群组合定位算法,用于保障车辆自组织网络中车辆定位的安全性和准确性。算法利用两个群组的智能车辆节点分别进行定位，利用两组解分别反求伪距值，如果所获得的伪距值与经过节点钟差修正后的原始伪距值基本一致，则认为这一组解为最终的定位结果，从而保证了定位的正确性。同时，双群定位的信息分散性保证了系统整体的安全性。理论分析及算法仿真表明,双群联合定位算法可使窃听方的误码率稳定在较高水平。     

Cyclicality of taxes and external debt

In their work, Vegh and Vuletin have shown that statutory tax rates are acyclical in developed economies and procyclical in developing ones. This article extends their analysis by checking the interaction of statutory tax rates with countries’ external public debt. In general, we found that the value added tax rates are changed procyclically in both developed and developing countries (i.e. taxes are raised in bad times and reduced in good times). However, when the external debt is high, in the developing countries the procyclicality increases, while the opposite result holds for developed economies. This pattern occurs mainly in times of recession, when the need for loans is the highest. Although we found that there was a reduction in procyclicality after the 2000s, these findings pose a challenge to policy-makers, who should think of ways of dealing with lack of foreign funds in difficult times.     

Effects of service orientation on job embeddedness in hotel industry

This research aims to develop and analyze a model that depicts work engagement (WE) as a mediator of the relationship between job embeddedness and service orientation. Specifically, the model examines external environmental factors (EEFs) as moderator of the effects of service orientation and job embeddedness in the hospitality industry. All data used for this study were gathered in Iran from hotels frontline employees with a two-weeks’ time lag. These relationships mentioned above were analyzed using AMOS 22.0. It was discovered in the results that WE was indeed a partial mediator and that EEFs indeed moderated the effects of service orientation on job embeddedness with adequate empirical support. The implications of the findings for the managers, the study limitations, and future research recommendations were also discussed.     

From Financial Repression to External Distress: The Case of Venezuela

Recent work suggests a connection between domestic debt and external default. We examine potential linkages for Venezuela, where the evidence reveals a nexus among domestic debt, financial repression, and external vulnerability. The financial repression tax (as a share of GDP) is similar to OECD economies, in spite of higher debt ratios in the latter. The financial repression “tax rate” is higher in years of exchange controls and legislated interest rate ceilings. We document a link between domestic disequilibrium and a weakening of the net foreign asset position via private capital flight. We suggest these findings are not unique to Venezuela.     

重复扰动下富含水地层的加固技术

随着城市地铁、地下空间、铁路和公路隧道的大规模建设和发展,工程中要面对的各种复杂地层的地基处理及松软地层改良问题越来越多。文章结合广州市轨道交通5号线(大坦沙～中山八盾构区间)2#联络通道塌方后,在重复扰动的富含水地层进行加固处理的成功经验,详细地介绍了采用无收缩双液二重管注浆技术在重复扰动下富含水地层中的注浆加固方法。     

The Relationship Among Ethical Climate,Job Satisfaction,Organizational Commitment,and External Auditor＇s Turnover Intention

This study attempts to examine the relationship among ethical climate, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention in the context of the Malaysian external auditor＇s work environment. The questionnaire is sent to a sample of external auditors from Malaysian Big Four （Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler （KPMG）, Ernst and Young, Deloitte KassimChan, and PricewaterhouseCoopers （PwC）） main offices. There are 167 useable responses. The regression results have provided evidence that ethical climate is directly, significantly, and positively associated with job satisfaction. In contrast, ethical climate appeared not to be directly related with external auditor＇s turnover intention. Both job satisfaction and organizational commitment were identified as significant predictors in explaining turnover intention, since they had a significant and negative effect on external auditor＇s turnover intention. This study also implied that job satisfaction had a significant effect on organizational commitment. Furthermore, the findings revealed that organizational commitment partially mediated the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention. The results extend the literature on external auditor＇s turnover intention and provide insights for human resource management in accurately assessing employee＇s turnover intention in order to improve retention and reduce actual turnover particularly in audit firms.     

商业银行管理层激励机制研究——基于董事会多重目标的视角

由于管理层激励与银行价值相关性较弱,其有效性问题一直困扰着公司治理学者。研究商业银行管理层激励机制设计得出,银行有效管理层激励机制应该是：将董事会所有的目标都作为管理层激励合约的考核指标,并且各个目标产出对管理层收入的影响系数保持相同。除了反映公司价值目标的股票、期权等激励以外,银行管理层的收入还必须包括相当比例的反映资产风险等目标的激励部分。由于商业银行的特殊性,其最优管理层激励约束机制的目标影响系数设定应该较普通企业更低。因此,委托代理问题更严重,董事会直接监督的责任更大。