开展体育大课间活动的实验研究

长期以来,南京市琅琊路小学明发滨江分校大课间体育活动内容单一,流于形式,约束了学生的活动,运动方式不利于学生的全面发展。所以打破传统大课间活动方式,在大课间体育活动中开展橄榄球、健脑操、武术操、舞蹈、趣味游戏、冬季长跑等多种体育项目,增强学生体质,激发学生对体育的兴趣和爱好,培养学生坚持锻炼身体的习惯,便成为我们开展大课间体育活动研究的方向。     

A decade of occupational accidents due to direct or indirect electrical contact in the primary,secondary and tertiary sectors in Spain (2003–2012)

Occupational accidents caused by electrical contact are a major concern worldwide due to their severe consequences. The study conducted is based on an analysis of the evolution of incidence rates and dependence between variables for 14,022 electrical accidents occurring in Spain between 2003 and 2012. The results show that electrical accidents as a whole are 3.6 times more likely to have severe consequences than the rest of the accidents in the country. This proportion is even nine times greater in the case of fatal accidents. They also confirm a significant relationship between the severity of this type of accidents and the economic sector in which they occur. On the other hand, there is a positive trend in the reduction of the incidence rate, especially in relation to direct contact, although unexpectedly the rate of accidents due to indirect contact is on the rise. Thus, preventing electrical occupational accidents requires efforts to guarantee adequate training adapted to the needs of workers in the various economic sectors. Furthermore, those responsible for safety should work to implement mechanisms to monitor and control compliance with efficient protective measures against electrical contact.     

质子交换膜燃料电池Pt/C催化剂材料制备研究

质子交换膜燃料电池主要成本集中在贵金属Pt催化剂，而Pt/C催化剂是目前质子交换膜燃料电池的关键材料之一。为此，对机械化学法、乙醇机械化学法、乙醇浸渍搅拌法等工艺方法制备Pt/C催化剂进行研究，并对退火、铂金属用量等条件进行探索。结果表明：高温退火会降低Pt/C催化剂的催化性能,故退火温度要适当，不能超过900℃；3种方法制备Pt/C电催化性能进行对比，乙醇机械法和乙醇浸渍搅拌法略性能相当，机械化学法优于前两者,并对其进行平行试验验证，重复性较好，测试性能稳定，具有可操作性；对其机械化学法Pt负载量（20%～40%）电催化性能对比发现,Pt负载量增加，电催化性能增加；对比扩大球磨和玛瑙研磨发现，扩大球磨的电催化性能好，说明该方法可实现扩大实施，对质子交换膜燃料电池工业化应用具有重要的指导意义。     

陕北丘陵山区城市规划与当地资源环境关系的初探

目的:本文通过对陕北延安丘陵山区城市规划对当地资源环境的影响和关系进行了现状问题归纳,旨在和同行们交流和借鉴,并对当地城市规划提出可行性建议,以便改进。方法:笔者对存在的问题进行了系统的理论分析和例证说明,对当前城市现状和以前城市规划进行对比和原因剖析及追溯。结论:得出了规划缺乏系统性、前瞻性、科学性、合理性、没有注意城市生态环境的脆弱性和敏感性,并提出了城市规划应采取的对策和建议,以便当地的城市规划能得以借鉴和改进。     

Costs associated with adverse events in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Objective:

To estimate adverse event (AE) costs in patients receiving targeted therapies for the first line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Methods:

Retrospective study based on healthcare claims data for patients with mRCC, aged ≥18 years, receiving first-line treatment with targeted therapies. AEs of interest comprised of abdominal pain, back pain, diarrhea, dyspnea, extremity pain, fatigue/asthenia, hand-foot syndrome, hypertension, lymphopenia, nausea/vomiting, neutropenia, proteinuria, and thrombocytopenia. Healthcare encounters for AEs were based on ICD-9-CM diagnosis/procedure codes on healthcare claims. AE costs were examined over a 30-day period, beginning with the date of first mention of AE, and were estimated based on the difference in total costs between patients with and without events. Drug costs of targeted agents were excluded from the analysis. Multivariate generalized linear models with a log-link function and gamma response probability distribution were utilized to control for differences in baseline characteristics between patients with and without evidence of AEs.

Results:

A total of 533 patients were included in this analysis: 418 patients with AE and 115 patients without AE. Baseline characteristics were generally similar between patients in the two groups. The GLM-based estimate of incremental 30-day post-event costs among patients with evidence of any adverse events was $9807 (95% CI?=?$4386–$22,947). For all types of adverse events examined, the estimated difference in costs between evented and non-evented patients was positive; the 95% CI did not include zero for all of the adverse events considered, except hypertension and proteinurea. Study limitations include errors of commission/omission, especially as they may affect case-finding methods that rely on ICD-9-CM diagnosis and procedure codes, as was the case in the current study.

Conclusion:

Costs associated with AEs of first-line targeted therapies are substantial in patients with mRCC. Efforts to prevent and/or better manage these events may reduce overall healthcare costs.     

基于蚁群算法的多单元物料路径协同布置

为保证车间多单元系统布置的物料流路径总成本最小,考虑单元系统物料输入输出I/O点和多单元物料路径布置对总成本的影响,在对I/O点进行定位的基础上,着重对多个单元物料流路径布置进行协同研究,并根据不同情况建立了上下迂回布置的具体优化数学模型--模型A和模型B。设计了一种基于蚁群优化算法(Ant Colony Optimization,ACO)的车间多单元物料流路径优化布置方法,该算法首先通过蚂蚁构建可行解,然后采用局部与全局信息素更新相结合的信息素更新策略,并通过最优改进2-选择局部搜索方法对构建的可行解进行优化,提高了全局最优解的质量。最后通过求解车间多单元系统布置实例,验证模型和算法的有效性。     

氯碱工业中防腐蚀新技术的应用

氯碱工业中防腐蚀新技术的应用:玻璃鳞片涂层和衬里、耐腐蚀玻璃钢、耐酸耐温砖(空心)/法奥里特复合衬里、不停车带压堵漏等。     

酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床应用

吉非替尼为一种选择性的EGFR一蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,能阻断酪氨酸蛋白激酶信号传导通路,从而促进肿瘤细胞凋亡。它是作为第一个用于肺癌治疗的分子靶向药物,在治疗非小细胞肺癌中拥有其自身的优越性在临床中取得了一定成效,但仍存在很多问题。本文针对吉非替尼靶向治疗非肺癌小细胞肺癌中的优点和所面临的问题进行阐述。     

Using patent data to analyze trends and the technological strategies of the amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell industry

With the shortage of raw materials for the production of crystalline silicon solar cells, the next generation of solar cells has reached the perfect stage for development. While in the past, researchers have emphasized the development of crystalline silicon solar cells, the application of the next generation of crystalline silicon solar cells is different. Of the thin-film solar cells (TFSCs), the most widely recognized is the amorphous silicon (a-Si) TFSC. It has the greatest potential to be developed, and many manufacturers have already invested in its research and development (R&D). In this study, we employed a set of indicators to analyze the technological development of the a-Si TFSC, and found that the major technology field has reached the mature stage in the technology life cycle of this product; moreover, four patent strategic clusters were identified. The results regarding the company and technology levels of the clusters were integrated with profile data and developmental progress information to understand the patent performance, technologic capacity, and R&D background of the a-Si TFSC.