基于蚁群算法的多单元物料路径协同布置

为保证车间多单元系统布置的物料流路径总成本最小,考虑单元系统物料输入输出I/O点和多单元物料路径布置对总成本的影响,在对I/O点进行定位的基础上,着重对多个单元物料流路径布置进行协同研究,并根据不同情况建立了上下迂回布置的具体优化数学模型--模型A和模型B。设计了一种基于蚁群优化算法(Ant Colony Optimization,ACO)的车间多单元物料流路径优化布置方法,该算法首先通过蚂蚁构建可行解,然后采用局部与全局信息素更新相结合的信息素更新策略,并通过最优改进2-选择局部搜索方法对构建的可行解进行优化,提高了全局最优解的质量。最后通过求解车间多单元系统布置实例,验证模型和算法的有效性。     

酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床应用

吉非替尼为一种选择性的EGFR一蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,能阻断酪氨酸蛋白激酶信号传导通路,从而促进肿瘤细胞凋亡。它是作为第一个用于肺癌治疗的分子靶向药物,在治疗非小细胞肺癌中拥有其自身的优越性在临床中取得了一定成效,但仍存在很多问题。本文针对吉非替尼靶向治疗非肺癌小细胞肺癌中的优点和所面临的问题进行阐述。     

Using patent data to analyze trends and the technological strategies of the amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell industry

With the shortage of raw materials for the production of crystalline silicon solar cells, the next generation of solar cells has reached the perfect stage for development. While in the past, researchers have emphasized the development of crystalline silicon solar cells, the application of the next generation of crystalline silicon solar cells is different. Of the thin-film solar cells (TFSCs), the most widely recognized is the amorphous silicon (a-Si) TFSC. It has the greatest potential to be developed, and many manufacturers have already invested in its research and development (R&D). In this study, we employed a set of indicators to analyze the technological development of the a-Si TFSC, and found that the major technology field has reached the mature stage in the technology life cycle of this product; moreover, four patent strategic clusters were identified. The results regarding the company and technology levels of the clusters were integrated with profile data and developmental progress information to understand the patent performance, technologic capacity, and R&D background of the a-Si TFSC.     

Converting EORTC QLQ-C30 scores to utility scores in the brigatinib ALTA study

Abstract

Aims: Health utilities summarize a patient’s overall health status. This study estimated utilities based on the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (QLQ-C30), a widely used measure of health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) in oncology, using published mapping algorithms.

Materials and methods: Data were from the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) in Lung Cancer Trial of brigatinib (ALTA; NCT02094573), an open-label, international, phase 2 study. ALTA evaluated the efficacy and safety of two randomized dosing regimens of brigatinib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic ALK?+?non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that had progressed on prior therapy with crizotinib. QLQ-C30 scores were mapped to European Quality-of-Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) utility scores using two published algorithms (Khan et al. for EQ-5D-5L; Longworth et al. for EQ-5D-3L). The impact of brigatinib treatment on health utilities over time was assessed.

Results: The analysis included 208 subjects. Mean baseline utility scores for both algorithms ranged between 0.60???0.71 and increased to 0.78 by cycle 5. Utility improvements were sustained during most of the treatment, before disease progression. Minor variations were observed between utility scores; Khan et al. estimates were approximately 0.01 or 0.02 points lower than Longworth et al. estimates.

Limitations: Algorithms considered were limited to those available in the published literature at the time of the study. This utility analysis was exploratory, and the ALTA trial did not include an internal control group (i.e. standard of care) and was not powered to detect differences in QoL/utility outcomes between treatment arms.

Conclusions: Converting QLQ-C30 scores into utilities in trials using established mapping algorithms can improve evaluation of medicines from the patient perspective. Both algorithms suggested that brigatinib improved health utility in crizotinib-refractory ALK?+?NSCLC patients, and improvements were maintained during most of the treatment.

Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02094573     

研学旅行中的中小学生不健康饮食行为和管理

在现代化教育事业不断发展的过程中,素质教育备受社会各界重视.中小学生处于人生发展的重要时刻,提高核心素养尤为重要.研学旅行具有开放性、体验性、综合性、探索性的特点,使学生在体验中学习社会、生活文化,使学生的学习能力得到提高,并且锻炼其生存能力,提高学生社会责任感,对于中小学生的未来发展具有重要的现实意义.但是,目前研学...     

Envisioning the future of Nigeria

Nigeria, the most populous African nation, recently embarked on a visioning exercise when the Government created a Vision 2010 team. The team is expected to formulate a national vision and strategies to catapult Nigeria to the rank of a newly industrializing country within a generation. The following essay explores the questions a national visioning exercise, such as Nigeria's Vision 2010, should address. In addition, the essay provides some advice to the Nigeria's Vision 2010 team and others undertaking similar exercises on issues to take into consideration while implementing a national visioning exercise.     

重新认识我国现阶段的剥削现象--一个劳动的角度

剥削源于劳动内部的矛盾运动;我国现阶段由劳动的社会形式决定,剥削现象还存在一定的历史必然性;我国社会主义条件下剥削现象的消亡是一个漫长的历史过程。     

燃料电池电动汽车用大功率Buck DC/DC变换器研究

针对燃料电池电动汽车用大功率DC/DC变换器的要求,文章提出了一种新型的柔性换流BuckDC/DC变换器拓扑,并重点分析了该拓扑结构的特点和工作过程。通过在常规的Buck电路中增加少量L、C、D器件,使主功率开关管和功率二极管可以平缓地切换工作电流,该方法提高了变换器可靠性和电磁兼容性。用Pspice对该电路拓扑进行了仿真,并给出了基于该电路拓扑研制的90kWDC/DC变换器的开关波形和效率曲线。该变换器已经成功地应用在国内自主研发的燃料电池城市客车中,各项技术指标均满足使用要求。     

小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞的冷冻保存研究

为了摸索小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞冷冻保存的简易方法,采用常规冷冻和玻璃化冷冻2种模式,探讨了不同的冷冻方法、不同的冷冻前平衡时间、不同的冷冻保护液的配比等因素对成纤维细胞冷冻效果的影响。实验结果表明:常规冷冻采用含10%(体积分数)甘油的DMEM液作保护剂,可将0~5℃下平衡时间缩短至45～60min,细胞活力可达0.87。玻璃化冷冻采用10%(体积分数)NBS+1.8mol/L乙二醇+0.1mol/L蔗糖的PBS冷冻小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞效果好于其他组合,细胞活力可达到0.86。玻璃化冷冻法与常规冷冻法的冷冻效果差异不显著。     

燃料电池电动汽车用大功率Buck D/DC变换器研究

针对燃料电池电动汽车用大功率DC／DC变换器的要求。文章提出了一种新型的柔性换流Buck DC／DC变换器拓扑，并重点分析了该拓扑结构的特点和工作过程。通过在常规的Buck电路中增加少量L、C、D器件，使主功率开关管和功率二极管可以平缓地切换工作电流，该方法提高了变换器可靠性和电磁兼容性。用Pspice对该电路拓扑进行了仿真，并给出了基于该电路拓扑研制的90kW DC／DC变换器的开关波形和效率曲线。该变换器已经成功地应用在国内自主研发的燃料电池城市客车中，各项技术指标均满足使用要求。