Economic geography and wages in Brazil: Evidence from micro-data

This paper estimates the impact of market and supplier access on wage disparities across Brazilian states, incorporating the control for individual characteristics into the new economic geography methodology. We estimate market and supplier access disaggregated by industry, and we compute access to local, national and international markets separately. We find a strong correlation between market access and wage differentials, even after controlling for individual characteristics, market access level (international, national or local), and using instrumental variables.     

中国农村居民点整理潜力研究综述

对中国农村居民点整理潜力研究进行了回顾和展望,寻找存在的不足,探讨今后的研究方向。研究表明:①相关的农村居民点整理潜力理论主要有农村宅基地转型理论、空心村理论以及农村居民点演变规律等,这些理论可以为农村居民点整理潜力的测算和挖潜措施的制定提供依据;②农村居民点整理潜力的内涵多被界定为整理增加耕地面积的潜力,其主要测算方法有人均建设用地标准法、户均建设用地标准法和农村居民点内部土地闲置率法三种;③整理增加耕地系数是当前农村居民点整理潜力分级的主要依据;④相关的农村居民点挖潜政策措施主要有城乡建设用地增减挂钩政策、新农村建设政策和城乡统筹政策三个。今后,农村居民点整理潜力研究可在以下几个方面进行改善:①理论研究亟需多学科理论的融合以搭建新的框架,加强理论框架对潜力测算方法的指导;②潜力内涵应更加注重整理增加土地面积的表述,人均建设用地标准法的修正需更加系统,潜力分级指标需更加有针对性;③加强城乡建设用地增减挂钩、新农村建设、城乡统筹三个政策与农村居民点挖潜关系的梳理,为潜力挖掘提供足够的政策支持和方法保障。     

中国能源利用的经济效率、环境绩效与节能减排潜力

本文采用全要素方法,将环境污染(二氧化碳排放和二氧化硫排放)作为能源利用经济产出的环境成本纳入研究框架,运用2000～2007年中国省际面板数据,选取基于投入导向的CCR-DEA模型,测算了中国29个省份能源利用的经济效率并度量了其环境绩效,在此基础上计算得到中国各省份的节能减排潜力;分析了中国东、中、西部三大地区之间的效率差异并采用Tobit模型检验了中国节能减排能力的影响因素。得出的主要结论包括(1)当前中国能源利用的经济效率及其环境绩效整体水平都偏低,尚具有很大的提升空间;(2)中国各省份、三大地区的能效及其环境绩效发展都显著不平衡,节能减排潜力巨大;(3)经济发展水平对一个地区的节能减排能力有显著影响,而促进技术进步、优化经济结构和能源结构是当前提升中国节能减排能力的主要途径。     

大湘西旅游业发展潜力模糊综合评价

旅游业是现代服务业中关联度很高、带动性极强的"龙头产业"和"朝阳产业",旅游业在发展过程中显示出来的巨大潜能使得我国很多地区将旅游业作为支柱产业来培育,区域间旅游竞争日趋激烈。然而,部分地区并没有对自身发展旅游业的未来前景作全面、科学地评价,就一厢情愿地将旅游业定为支柱产业,造成旅游资源的开发性破坏以及区域产业结构失调等灾难性后果。鉴于此,对于迅速发展的大湘西旅游业,文章在全面分析其影响因素的基础上,构建了大湘西旅游业发展潜力评价指标体系,运用模糊综合评价法得出大湘西旅游业发展潜力较好(V4级)的结论,并就大湘西旅游业的未来发展提出了政策建议。     

Evaluating the Tourism Potential of Public Museums in Hangzhou: A Supply-Side Perspective

This is a qualitative study to evaluate the tourism potential of public museums from a supply-side perspective. Nine specialized public museums in Hangzhou were evaluated based on six criteria: cultural, physical, product, experiential, marketing, and leadership. The overall tourism potential was rated as moderate for the museums in Hangzhou. Poor accessibility, isolation from tourism nodes, lack of complementarity with peripheral attractions, and limited carrying capacity impair the museums' appeal to tourists. The local government's proactive intention to develop cultural tourism and the innovative marketing efforts adopted by a few museums certainly help to enhance the museums' tourism potential.     

舟山群岛新区港口区位势评价及其发展战略研究——基于舟山、宁波、上海三港区位势的实证分析

舟山群岛新区是国务院继上海浦东新区、天津滨海新区和重庆两江新区之后批准设立的第四个国家级经济开发新区,港口物流功能的发挥是舟山群岛新区建设是否成功的重要标志.文章构造并运用港口区位势理论模型,量化分析舟山群岛新区港口及其主要竞争港口的区位势,模型结论显示了舟山群岛新区港口的相对能力以及在长三角区域港口物流体系的地位,并以此为依据提出舟山群岛新区港口发展思路及相应的保障措施.     

现代建筑电气的防雷击电磁脉冲设计

本文介绍了现代建筑电气的防雷击电磁脉冲设计的方法和措施,包括电磁屏蔽、接地、等电位联结以及电涌保护器（SPD）的设置和安装。     

中国吸引外资与对外投资：面临的问题及因应策略

为对我国对外投资和招商引资的现状进行全面的分析和把握,作者对比分析了我国对外投资流入和流出的规模及相关指数,并借助邓宁投资阶段理论分析了我国对外直接投资所处阶段。结果认为：我国的对外直接投资流出,无论是绝对规模还是相对规模都与FDI流入相差甚远,更与我国当前的经济发展水平不相符。因此,促进FDI流入和流出相互协调势在必行,为此需要切实把握我国FDI流入和流出现状,并以此为基础找到切实可行的措施。     

Assessment of business potential at retail sites: empirical findings from a US supermarket chain

We address the problem of estimating retail business potential at alternative sites, with concern for assessing performance relative to potential in existing markets and for identifying the best sites for expansion into new markets. At question is the utility of information typically used in formal retail patronage models, in comparison with additional information considered important by retail executives. Relevant data are gathered from secondary sources and intensive in-store surveys are conducted to produce a portfolio of information about neighbourhood demographics, store ambience, variety and quality of products and services, relative prices of selected products, etc. for stores in a retail grocery chain and competitive stores in the chain's markets. We experiment with alternative statistical models for store performance to determine the consequence of restricting the types of data available when constructing the models. Our findings suggest that while information about store location and surrounding areas, store characteristics and competitive position are all required to obtain the best assessment for business potential at a site, a few key variables on each dimension offer the bulk of explanatory power. Further, the spatial-locational variables affect all measures of store performance in intuitive directions, whereas the effects of other variables differ according to performance measure and reflect the store's market position.     

国内外市场潜力对FDI区位选择的影响研究

本文运用1996-2008年全国276个地级及以上城市和39个我国主要贸易伙伴的面板数据,通过估计固定效应模型,研究了我国城市面对的市场潜力对在华FDI区位选择的影响。为了估计各种市场潜力对FDI流量的不同影响,将市场潜力分为国内和国外市场潜力,并且将国内市场潜力分为省内和省外市场潜力。本文发现一个城市面对的国内市场潜力和国外市场潜力都对该城市吸收FDI具有显著的促进作用,而前者对FDI流量的影响更大。另外,一个城市面对的来自本省的市场潜力将正向影响该城市吸收外资,但来自外省的市场潜力却对该城市的FDI流入无显著影响,这反映了我国国内市场存在分割。