Impact of International Networks on Standardization Process in Banking Industry： Example of Secure Electronic Transaction （SET） Initiative

The purpose of this article is to present and interpret the case study of the secure electronic transaction （SET） scheme of Internet security, as an illustration of the necessary construction of interoperability solutions for financial services. The interpretation of case data with actor network theory （ANT） provides an illustration of power coalitions among banks to create a de facto standard for transnational electronic payment security on the Internet. After a step of protecting its political interests and well-known technological solutions, the coalition understands that its mission becomes a matter of life and death for its members： Brand-new currency has been invented on the Web and one could develop business and monetary transactions without the banks. This interpretative stage tells us much about the transnational mechanisms of regulation and standardization as well as the ＂translation＂ steps regarding these transnational organizations. However, an additional step has to be added to this interpretative step, a step of framework construction. The aim is to help managers of the transnational firms involved in regulations and standardization to anticipate the evolutions and make relevant decisions. The framework has three distinctive characteristics： the ability to help conception, the ability to help conceive problems ＂ex ante＂, and the ability to facilitate collective conception of strategic maneuvers.     

试论塔式起重机的安全检查和检验

本文重点阐述了塔式起重机安全检查检验中需要重点关注的技术规范要求及方法,并结合本人多年从事起重机械检验的工作经验,依照最新的起重机械监督检验标准,提出了对塔式起重机安全检查检验的见解。     

船舶检验管理工作探析

在船舶检验中,很多地方船检工作存在着验船师力量不强、技术装备落后等问题,通过对问题的分析,建议应采取加强验船师队伍建设、加大资金投入改善装备状况等措施加以解决,不断提高船舶检验质量,保证船舶技术性能。     

Practical Proposals for Specifying k-Nearest Neighbours Weights Matrices

Abstract

In this article, we introduce and evaluate testing procedures for specifying the number k of nearest neighbours in the weights matrix of a spatial econometric model. An increasing and a decreasing neighbours testing procedure are suggested. Kelejian's J-test for non-nested spatial models is used in the testing procedures. The testing procedures give formal justification for the choice of k, something which has been lacking in the classical spatial econometric literature. Simulations show that the testing procedures can be used in large samples to determine k. An empirical example involving house price data is provided.     

The Role of Groupware in Requirements Specification

This article describes how 2 forms of groupware - electronic Mail and Group Support Systems (GSS) were employed to support user requirements specification in a university department. The system being specified was a bibliographic information system, while the users were both qualified systems analysts and academic staff in the department. The background literatures to both requirements specification and GSS are introduced and linked. Groupware tools were used to support the group interaction and consensus formation. The article discusses the key stages in this process and discusses the appropriateness of the techniques used. The results are significant in that they identify techniques appropriate to supporting user groups in the clarification of system requirements before the involvement of development personnel.     

Measurement specification and leisure satisfaction

Abstract

A comparison of specific expressive and instrumental indicators of satisfaction were compared against general measures of satisfaction. Research was conducted to explore specific indicators of satisfaction which included expressive measures representing major intrinsic goals of a leisure activity and instrumental measures which serve to facilitate those goals. Expressive indicators of satisfaction involving core experiences were most salient in explaining variance in general measures of satisfaction. Specific instrumental indicators of satisfaction did not contribute significantly to explaining variance in general measures of satisfaction.     

高等教育行政工作法制化研究——以高校学生工作为视角

学生工作部门是高校对青年大学生进行教育、管理和服务的重要职能机构.大学生和高校学生工作部门的法制意识亟需大力强化,是高校推进素质教育和依法治校的根本要求.     

公开选拔党政领导干部制度有效性的文献综述

公开选拔党政领导干部制度作为干部人事制度的重要组成部分,其有效性问题值得我们关注,将这一问题分解为＂公开选拔制度能做什么＂和＂公开选拔制度做了什么＂问题分别从规范研究和经验研究两个方面,对相关研究进行综述,通过分析,可得出＂公开选拔制从应然状态是非常有效的,但是从实然角度来看其作用有限,因此该制度有效性上无法作出定论＂的结论。因此,未来研究框架是将应然状态看作是公选制度的收益,将实然状态中的各种因素视作是公选制度的成本,进而通过成本收益的方式来分析公开选拔制度的有效性问题。     

北美新一代合作社经验对中国林业合作社发展的启示

相比于农民专业合作社,国内学者对于林业合作社的研究还相对较少,但随着集体林权制度改革的逐步落实,越来越多的个体经营的林农会希望通过加入合作社来提高组织化程度,共同抵御市场风险,最终实现提高林业经营收益的目标。通过介绍北美新一代合作社组建、发展过程中的成功经验,初步探索适合当前中国林业合作社发展状况的合作社规范化发展措施,力图通过具体措施的实施来实现促进中国林业合作社更好更快发展的目的。     

规范会计报表附注,提高会计报表附注的实用价值

会计报表附注作为财务报告的重要组成部分,其反映的内容及体现的作用对人们的投融资决策及了解企业的财务及经营状况十分重要,但是由于目前会计附注内容在规范设定及信息披露详细程度等方面的原因,使得现有会计报表附注的实用价值并未得到很好地应用。因此,应当对会计报表附注披露的要求及形式进一步规范,建立社会监督机制,为会计信息使用者提供可靠、有用的决策信息。