特勒根定理的几种形式与模拟电路的故障节点诊断

文中给出了特勒根定理的几种形式,并应用节点特勒根定理建立了模拟电路的故障节点诊断方程。     

Coase on broadcasting, advertising and policy

The initial argument developed in this paper is that a wants-basedconception of the objectives of policy, clearly operative inhis broadcasting studies, together with the acceptance of certainassumed properties of the competitive process, tightly constrainCoase's work. At times, for example, when considering the impactof advertising, Coase accepts that the assessment of policymust be carried out on a broader basis. Coase does not, however,go on to develop a criterion beyond wants. Elsewhere, he highlightsthe importance of the distinction between wants and needs. Thispaper further argues that, by elaborating upon this distinction,it becomes possible to give an indication of how a broader frameworkfor the assessment of policy might be developed.     

论科斯定理的真理性

科斯定理具有隐含的私有产权制度偏好。在逻辑意义上,对科斯定理中"交易成本"、"可交易权利的初始配置"、"最终配置"作特定的理解,科斯定理在西方主流经济学逻辑、方法论意义上是正确的,但此时科斯定理完全等价于完全竞争理论,没有任何现实意义。在经验意义上,科斯定理是谬误。科斯定理的逻辑推论必然是私有产权企业比公有产权企业更有效率。在经济实践中,存在着三类证据:完全肯定科斯定理、完全否定科斯定理以及在肯定科斯定理的同时包含着否定科斯定理的成分。"超产权论"是对科斯定理的"革命",是对科斯定理的否定。     

Coase Theorem Is Truth or Not？

Coase theorem has the implicit private property right system preference. In the logic sense, if we define “exchange cost”, “exchange right＇s initial allocation” and “final allocation” specially, Coase theorem will be correct in the sense of main - stream western economics logic and methodology, but Coase theorem is equal to perfect competition theory at all at the same time, it has no reality sense. In the empirical sense, Coase theorem is fallacious. A lot of economists including Paul A. Samuelson and Joseph E. Stiglitz have given Coase theorem radically negative comment. Coase theorem＇ s inference must be private property fight firm＇ s efficiency is higher than commonality property right firm＇ s. There are three kinds of evidence in the economic practice, one affirms Coase theorem absolutely, one denies Coase theorem at all, the other contains component denying Coase theorem while it affirms Coase theorem. The post property - right argument is evolution and negation of Coase theorem to a certain extent.     

李嘉图等价定理在我国的适用性分析

李嘉图等价定理是一种中性原理，其核心思想是政府债务与税收是等价的，即政府无论采用哪种方式筹资，其对经济总量没有任何的影响。通过分析国债对储蓄和消费的影响，论证了李嘉图等价定理在我国不成立。     

科斯《企业的性质》之质疑

企业是资源所有者的取得更多的收益而建立起来的经济组织，交易成本的存在并不是企业存在的根本原因，科斯将企业定义为不同于价格调节机制的企业家计划调节机制，源于其错将企业计划混同于计划经济，事实上，企业是以市场合约为基础形成的，按市场运行原则运作的市场性组织，其资源配置并不独立于市场价格机制之外，价格调节机制与企业家调节机制是不可分割的两个方面，任何企业作为市场参与者与市场都是互动的。     

科斯定理在水资源保护中的应用

我国在经济实力不断提高的同时，生态环境却不断的遭到破坏，即存在恶化现象。在水资源方面，水污染非常突出。目前，我国七大水系中近一半的河段污染严重，湖泊中太湖、巢湖、滇池尤为突出；50％以上的城市地下水受到污染；500多条主要河流和湖泊受污染面积达到82％以上。全国有7亿人口饮用大肠杆菌超标水，约1．7亿人饮用被有机体污染的水。水环境保护因此受到重视。本文利用科斯定理的理论逻辑，提出水环境保护应首先建立水权及其交易制度，并充分发挥政府制度在其中的监督引导作用。     

Status Quo Bias in Bargaining: An Extension of the Myerson-Satterthwaite Theorem with an Application to the Coase Theorem

We generalize the Myerson-Satterthwaite theorem to study inefficiencies in bilateral bargaining over a divisible good, with two-sided private information on the valuations. For concave quasi-linear preferences, the ex ante most efficient Bayes equilibrium of any mechanism always exhibits a bias toward the status quo. If utility functions are quadratic every Bayes equilibrium is ex post inefficient, with the expected amount of trade biased toward the disagreement point. In other words, for the class of preferences we study, there is a strategic advantage to property rights in the Coase bargaining setup in the presence of incomplete information. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C78, D23, D62, D82.     

理解中国的实际汇率:一价定律偏离还是相对价格变动?

本文利用1997年1月至2010年9月的数据对人民币实际汇率进行分解,发现可贸易品偏离一价定律因素可以解释实际汇率波动的60%—80%,而可贸易品与不可贸易品之间的相对价格波动只能解释实际汇率波动的20%—40%。这意味着研究人民币实际汇率需要更多地从可贸易产品出发,不应仅仅强调国内不可贸易品与可贸易品的相对价格变化。进一步的研究发现,可贸易品因素对于解释人民币实际汇率占主导的结论,与中国相对于其他国家的经济体发展阶段有关。但是,上述结论并不意味着传统的"巴拉萨-萨缪尔森"效应失灵。事实上,当在计量回归中控制可贸易品偏离一价定律因素以后,巴萨效应在中国显著成立。只不过,相对于可贸易品偏离一价定律因素,巴萨效应对实际汇率波动的影响是次要的。     

增税与发债:理论比较与现实选择

增税与发债都是为财政支出融资的方式.本文从理论上分析了二者对经济影响的差别.在中国近年积极财政政策的实施过程中,税收收入出现较快增长,但实际税收负担的增长低于统计显示的水平.在分析这一情况时,要看到税收收入增长的深层原因.而发行国债,则能将居民储蓄转化为公共投资,改善基础设施现状,因而是较为理想的融资工具.