全球制造业传统与环境生产率变化及收敛性的比较论证

文章旨在通过2000-2009年期间数据研究制造业在全球经济体以及不同行业之间传统生产率以及能源生产率的变化趋势以及收敛特征。相比于传统生产率,在核算能源生产率过程中纳入了二氧化碳排放量等非期望型产出。分别采用DEA-Malmquist以及Global Malmquist Luenberger指数法测算两类生产率指数并进行比较分析,进而对分经济体以及分行业两类生产率进行了收敛性的检验。研究指出制造业在经济体之间以及行业之间的δ收敛特征均不明显,但除了重工业的传统生产率,其他分经济体以及分行业之间两类生产率都存在显著的绝对β收敛以及条件β收敛。总体上能源效率的收敛速度低于传统效率,但在不同行业及经济体之间,收敛的态势与表现存在较大的差异。     

Perceptions of accounting professionals in the adoption and implementation of a single set of global accounting standards: Evidence from Bahrain

In the quest for a single set of global accounting standards, the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) continues to work with regulators in other countries toward adoption of IFRS. This study reports on an exploratory study of Bahrain's accounting and auditing professionals' perceptions about important issues relevant to developing and implementing global accounting standards. Bahrain is a financial hub of the Middle East with distinct features that could provide some insights to harmonization issues. The respondents' views portray optimism by auditors and non-auditors that harmonization of accounting standards is a worthwhile objective that can be fairly, but gradually accomplished. However, the survey data indicate expected challenges in applying the IFRS principles-based accounting standards. The survey findings suggest that there will be a growing demand for detailed application guidance for IFRS. Also, it appears that nationalism may well continue to be a major impediment to global adoption of IFRS.     

Aggregate convergence and sectoral specialization in innovation

Over the last 20 years OECD countries have converged in terms of their innovations, in parallel to the process of economic convergence and catching up in technology. However, this has not led to a similarity in the sectoral strengths of the majority of countries. Applying a measure of technological distance between pairs of countries based on patents, it is shown that nations have increased their technological specialization (i.e. their sectoral differences) over the 1980s. An apparent paradox is pointed out, as countries converge by becoming more different and grow by becoming more specialized.     

领导特质:领导人才的趋同要素

根据领导活动的普遍的特殊性,一个人成为领导人才,其实主要在于具备知人善任、远见卓识、多谋善断、气量恢弘、人格有魅力等方面的能力、心态与意识,尤其是集中表现为遇到问题时可以作出这些方面本能、自然、正确反应的特殊素质.全球化视野下领导人才的这一趋同,并非西方过去"特性论"的回归,而是人类社会这一方面认识的升华.     

中国能源利用效率β收敛性的区域研究

在生产理论框架下,构建投入导向、规模报酬不变的超效率DEA模型,利用全国30个省市(不含西藏)2000-2014年数据测度出我国八大经济区域的全要素能源效率,并建立收敛回归模型对八大区域能源利用效率进行β收敛检验.分析发现:我国能源利用效率呈现出"一降两波动一稳、总体上升"的态势,且存在绝对β收敛和条件β收敛.分地区来看,黄河中游地区、长江中游地区和西南地区通过绝对β收敛检验,且收敛速度高出全国水平;北部沿海地区各省市能源利用效率差异在增加.对条件β收敛而言,除南部沿海地区在产业结构作用下和西北地区在技术进步作用下条件β收敛系数不显著,其他各区域在技术进步、产业结构和对外开放程度的作用下均存在条件β收敛.     

基于DEA的中国绿色经济效率地区差异与收敛分析

本文运用熵权法构造了各地区综合环境污染指数,将其引入效率测度DEA模型,测度了1995—2007年间我国29个省市区的绿色经济效率,并对各地区绿色经济效率增长差异进行了收敛性检验。研究结果表明:伴随着我国经济高速增长的同时,环境污染问题日益严峻;整体上我国绿色经济效率呈波动型上升趋势,且由东部、西部、中部依次递减;由于各地区经济基础条件与特征不同,全国总体绿色经济效率不存在收敛趋势,但东部与中部地区绿色经济效率表现出俱乐部收敛。     

中国经济周期的“双重性波动”:理论与实证分析——基于市场成长的视角

本文将我国的经济波动分为市场性波动和体制性波动两个方面,二者共同构成了转轨时期我国经济周期波动的非典型特征:由大起大落向高位收敛转变。据此,本文通过研究得出下述结论:(1)体制性波动是导致我国经济周期呈现出大起大落的重要因素;(2)体制性波动的减弱和市场性波动的增强导致了我国的经济周期从大起大落向高位收敛转变;(3)市场性波动在风险和信息方面所引起的波动要显著性的小于体制性波动。本文的实证分析也证明了上述结论。最后,本文得出结论并指出了进一步的研究方向。     

集聚、扩散与FDI空间演化——基于中国省级数据的研究

本文采用空间计量学的方法,在描述我国FDI空间演化轨迹的基础上,建立了一个FDI地区分布决定因素的空间模型,运用1987-2007年的面板数据,分析我国FDI空间演化的规律。计量结果发现,集聚效应对于吸引我国FDI有着很大程度的影响,相邻省份之间的空间溢出效应促使FDI更多的是由核心省份向周边省份扩散。并根据结论提出了引导FDI空间的合理转移,缩小地区差距的政策建议。     

金融安全、全球化与经济增长：来自发展中国家的经验

本文考察发展中国家金融安全和全球化对其经济增长的影响机制,利用71个发展中国家1998至2005年的面板数据,对增长模型进行估计和分析。结果表明,发展中国家的经济增长存在条件趋同,且同时存在新古典增长理论和新增长理论的趋同机制。拥有较高金融安全水平的发展中国家,全球化有利于其经济发展;金融安全水平较低、国内金融环境不稳定的国家,却不能因为全球化程度的深化而受益。     

Global convergence of consumer spending: Conceptualization and propositions

The convergence versus divergence debate has persistently presented a puzzle in the scholarly literature. Forces of globalization created a wave of convergence. Yet, the recent worldwide events have changed the course of globalization, slowing its seemingly unavoidable forward direction. It is, therefore, incumbent upon international business scholars to reexamine the convergence versus divergence debate in the contemporary world economy. Despite the central role that global convergence plays in international business decisions, the literature is lacking a conceptualization of the convergence construct in terms of consumer spending behavior. Offering a new perspective derived from the convergence-divergence-crossvergence (CDC) framework and the coevolution theory, the authors define and conceptualize the convergence construct associated with consumer spending behavior. The proposed conceptual framework is comprehensive, offers refinements to the convergence phenomenon, and leads the way for further development of new theories in the international marketing domain.