Intergenerational Earnings Inequality: New Evidence From Italy

Using an innovative dataset built by merging survey and administrative data, we provide new estimates of intergenerational earnings’ inequality between fathers and sons in Italy, extending previous evidence in several directions. We rely on the TSTSLS method to predict fathers’ earnings and compute intergenerational elasticities and imputed rank–rank slopes, trying to reduce estimation biases. Confirming previous evidence, we find that Italy is characterized by a high intergenerational inequality in cross-country comparison. Extending previous analyses, we show that the intergenerational association increases when sons at older ages and multi-annual averages of pseudo-fathers’ and sons’ earnings are considered. We also find that the intergenerational persistence differs across geographical macro-areas and is high also for daughters, especially when family earnings are considered. Furthermore, estimates where possible mediating factors of the parental influence are included among the covariates show that a high intergenerational association persists when sons’ education and occupation are controlled for.     

Application of evidential reasoning approach and OWA operator weights in road safety evaluation considering the best and worst practice frontiers

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has recently become relatively popular with road safety experts. Therefore, various decision-making units (DMUs), such as EU countries, have been assessed in terms of road safety performance (RSP). However, the DEA has been criticized because it evaluates DMUs based only on the concept of self-assessment, and, therefore does not provide a unique ranking for DMUs. Therefore, cross efficiency method (CEM) was developed to overcome this shortcoming. Peer-evaluations in addition to self-evaluation have made the CEM to be recognized as an effective method for ranking DMUs. The traditional CEM is based only on the standard CCR (Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes) model, and it evaluates DMUs according to their position relative to the best practice frontier while neglecting the worst practice frontier. However, the DMUs can also be assessed based on their position relative to the worst practice frontier. In this regard, the present study aims to provide a double-frontier CEM for assessing RSP by taking into account the best and worst frontiers simultaneously. For this purpose, the cross efficiency and cross anti-efficiency matrices are generated.Even though a weighted average method (WAM) is most frequently used for cross efficiency aggregation, the decision maker's (DM) preference structure may not be reflected. For this reason, the present study mainly focuses on the evidential reasoning approach (ERA), as a nonlinear aggregation method, rather than the linear WAM. Equal weights are often used for cross efficiency aggregation; consequently, the effect of the DM's subjective judgments in obtaining the overall efficiency is ignored. In this respect, the minimax entropy approach (MEA) and the maximum disparity approach (MMDA) are applied for determining the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator weights for cross efficiency aggregation. The weighted cross efficiencies and cross anti-efficiencies are then aggregated using the ERA. Finally, the proposed method, called DF-CEM-ERA, is used to evaluate the RSP of EU countries as well as Serbian police departments (PDs).     

在电子出版中融合固定版面与流式信息的方法刍议

人们对于电子文档的使用要求越来越高,对电子应用技术的挑战越来越大。然而,电子文档固定版面和流式信息两者之间始终存在着难以调和的矛盾。本文试图找到一种新型文档模型,使得固定版面和流式信息二者能够在电子文档的出版过程中很好地融合在一起。     

黄土边坡稳定性分析的概率方法

黄土边坡稳定性分析是一个不确定性问题,包含很多不确定性因素,而且土的抗剪强度可变性很大。在进行了大量实验的前提下,估计抗剪强度的可变性,运用概率的方法进行边坡的稳定性分析,计算黄土边坡的失稳概率。     

浅谈高职院校影视后期制作专业的发展

目前,我国影视后期制作行业正处于快速上升的通道,但影视后期制作人才目前较为缺乏,现在国内大多数高职高专院校均开设了动画专业,影视后期制作课程在动画专业中的重要性日益凸显。本文就高职院校影视后期制作专业的发展情况进行了研究与探讨。     

Mobile phone network data reveal nationwide economic value of coastal tourism under climate change

The technology-driven application of big data is expected to assist policymaking towards sustainable development; however, the relevant literature has not addressed human welfare under climate change, which limits the understanding of climate change impacts on human societies. We present the first application of unique mobile phone network data to evaluate the current nation-wide human welfare of coastal tourism at Japanese beaches and project the value change using the four climate change scenarios. The results show that the projected national economic value loss rates are more significant than the projected national physical beach loss rates. Our findings demonstrate regional differences in recreational values: most southern beaches with larger current values would disappear, while the current small values of the northern beaches would remain. These changes imply that the ranks of the beaches, based on economic values, would enable policymakers to discuss management priorities under climate change.     

公路建设中沥青路面施工技术的运用研究

交通事业是我国经济活力的经脉,而公路又是交通事业的代表。随着我国经济的繁荣,提高公路路面质量已经迫在眉睫。本文将着重探讨沥青路面在公路建设中的施工技术。     

基于过程性考核为主的GMP实用技术课程教学改革

在GMP实用技术课程的项目化教学改革中,改变以往期末考试试卷"一卷"定成绩的方式,采用以过程性考核为主的课程考核方式,通过强化过程性考核,对GMP教学内容进行调整,对课程的考核方法、考核手段进行改革,强化学生对考核的参与度。     

重要生态用地级别评价和划定方法研究——以水源涵养为例

文章以水源涵养为例,基于水平衡评价计算方法,选择水资源禀赋类型不同的县域单元开展水源涵养型生态用地功能分级划定研究。总结现有生态保护红线划定技术方法及存在不足,致力于显化不同地区水源涵养生态用地功能绝对值差异,利用评价单元格水源涵养累计贡献值面积弹性拐点,对重要水源涵养用地级别划定方法进行改进。对河北省易县和四川省金川县的实例验证表明,此评价方法可以根据不同地区水源涵养功能特点量身确定重要生态空间规模、面积和比例。     

浅析合理低价法投标报价策略和方法

随着市场经济体制的不断完善,恶性竞争逐渐减少。本文通过阐述合理低价法的含义及与投标报价之间的关系,以及报价策略,分析投标报价决策和清单单价报价的技巧,同时提出相应的政策建议,进而为招投标管理提供参考依据。