保障功能分化：中国共产党对职业福利的认知与实践逻辑

职业福利是社会保障体系的重要组成部分,中国共产党在综合判断社会、经济发展阶段性特征以及基本社会保障体系构建完成度和保障水平的基础上,对职业福利的认知与实践沿着保障功能分化的逻辑,阶段性、多维度地推进和深化。从建党到计划经济时期,中国共产党将职业福利与公共福利混合为一体来推进,之后在市场经济条件下实现了两者保障功能定位的分化并明确了职业福利的补充保障功能;进而在基本社会保障制度构建完成的基础上,推动职业福利保障功能从微弱补充到实质补充的层次分化;同时协调推进公私部门间的职业保障功能分化进程,从公私分立到公私“可比较”。最终通过对职业保障功能分化的推进,建构起更加可持续的社会保障体系,满足人民对美好生活的需要。     

企业集团的适度规模经济与聚集经济研究——一个基于国际垂直分工视野的分析框架

基于国际垂直分工的理论视野,界定了单体企业的适度规模经济和企业集团总体的最适规模经济等概念范畴的内涵与外延,并结合垂直范围经济和聚集经济等相关概念,从技术经济角度给出了企业集团适度规模经济的模型框架和测度方法,揭示了企业集团在地域上的合理规模即集聚程度与集聚效益之间的倒U字形钟形关系。利用该分析框架,提出了在国际垂直分工视野下,生物医药和专用设备制造等重点行业实现企业集团适度规模经济战略选择的关键在于利用企业集团的集聚经济优势和范围经济优势,并通过产品细分的差别化定位,实现大型企业集团对中小企业集群的策略性替代。     

Gender and graduate economics education in the US

Abstract

This paper reports on the findings of a survey of top economics graduate schools as they relate to women and men. The results provide strong evidence that at these top graduate schools, women graduate students are less integrated in their economic disciplines than are male graduate students. In the second part of the paper, this paper relates those findings to alternative theories as to why this is the case. This paper concludes by suggesting that the emphasis on theoretical studies in the current core of the graduate economics program can be seen as a type of hazing process that seems to have a significant cost since many women (and men) with great creative promise are discouraged from continuing in economics and do not benefit nearly as much as they would have from more policy-driven core courses.     

Women’s investment in career and the household division of labour

This paper examines how partners in a couple share domestic work according to the woman’s investment in career. Investment is measured relatively to other women or to the partner. While previous studies mainly focused on the influence of wages and earnings, we extend them by considering more dimensions describing the intensity of the woman’s attachment to the labour market. We use the 2010 French Time Use survey to estimate a model of household division of labour in dual earner couples. We find that the more women are invested in career, the less domestic work they perform during weekdays, which is partly substituted by their partners but only on weekend days. The sharing of tasks is thus less unequal in those couples. However, women still spend more time than their partners on average performing domestic work, even when the woman outperforms him in career, implying no role reversal in the division of labour.     

WHERE ARE THE WOMEN? GENDER,LABOR, AND DISCOURSE IN THE NOIDA EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE AND DELHI

Abstract

Export processing zones (EPZs) are like islands of globalization. Much of the literature on EPZs and export-oriented industries (EOIs) notes a preponderance of women who are constructed as “cheap,” “nimble fingered,” and “docile” labor. This literature is dominated by socialist feminist thinkers, and this paper argues that there is a need to incorporate the insights of postmodern feminist thinkers. The article focuses on the role that language, discourse, and subjectivity play in the gendering process in handmade jewelry production in the Noida Export Processing Zone (NEPZ) and in the ranch production units related by common ownership in Delhi, India. It thus gives “voices” to women and men, and brings out their agency in structuring the labor market. The study confirms that gender division of labor is a product of discursive and material practices that are reproduced through discourses into which different actors invest, and that feed into the gendered subjective identities of these actors.     

Institutional Bioeconomics and the Division of Labor: Reflections on Yarbrough & Yarbrough' Paper

The New Institutional Economics might have significant interactions with the economics of non-human societies. Some possibilities are considered in connection with the ideas of Yarbrough and Yarbrough on human societies. First, the need for enforcement may be less when the organisms in question treat one another as resources. Second, theories of the division of labor that have been developed in biology are applicable to human societies. There may be some interesting alternatives to traditional sociobiology as well.     

从产权经济学的角度论期权分置改革的实质

本文以产权经济学为基础，论述股权分置改革的实质，进而推断必须通过公平博弈确定对价，降低交易费用，进而达到资源的优化配置。     

世界城市理论研究的发展脉络与新进展

文章通过梳理中外世界城市理论的研究文献指出,世界城市理论发展主要经历四个发展阶段,并演化为"基础:新国际劳动分工—主体:控制中心—形式:生产者服务业—内容:流动"的研究框架。20世纪90年代以来,世界城市理论研究领域进一步扩展,研究方法不断更新,但其在解析世界城市历史演进、形成与发展内在逻辑等方面仍显乏力。     

经济一体化背景下的分工与协作

分工与协作是人类劳动的两种组织形式，是人类历史发展中两个极为重要的现象。近代以来，一些学者和经济学家围绕分工与协作提出许多理论观点，从不同角度分析了分工与协作对经济社会发展的重要作用。文章以分工与协作对区域经济发展的影响为视角，阐明分工与协作对生产力发展和社会进步的促进作用，使人们认识分工与协作的重要性，厘清分工与协作的关系，更好地发挥分工与协作的职能。     

The Analysis on the Relationship between Processing Trade and Economic Growth in China

With gradually deepening of international division and frequently developing of transnational corporations, processing trade has been a major trend in international trade. This paper mainly Seeks for the practical and theoretical, supports ,to processing, trade. Meanwhile, it ,shows the developing conditions of processing trade in the world and in China, and analyzes the relationship between processing trade and economic growth in China by linear regression analysis in order to find,the problems and give some suggestions.