Drivers of hotel employee’s voice behavior: A moderated mediation model

This study developed and tested a moderated mediation model for examining the relationships among person-organization fit (P-O fit), employee voice, employees’ perceived nature of the work and employees’ perceived functional quality of their services. Using 265 frontline employees from several 3 star hotels in Taiwan, the analytical results show that P-O fit is positively related to employee voice, and that employees’ perceived nature of the work mediates the positive relationship between these two variables. The analytical results also show that employees’ perceived functional quality of their services moderates the direct effect of P-O fit on employees’ perceived nature of the work, as well as the indirect effect of P-O fit on employee voice via employees’ perceived nature of the work. Theoretical and practical implications for the hospitality literature and hotel practitioners are discussed herein.     

Nexus between telecommunication infrastructures,economic growth and development in Africa: Panel vector autoregression (P-VAR) analysis

This study examines the causal-effect relationship between telecommunication infrastructures, economic growth and development in selected African countries. It further estimates the trivariate impacts of telecommunication infrastructures, economic growth and development in the region. The analysis considers a panel of forty-six African countries from 2000 to 2015. To measure economic growth, real gross domestic product serves as the proxy, while economic development is measured by the Human Development Index, and telecommunication infrastructures by a composite index of telecommunication computed from mobile line, fixed line and internet access penetration via principal component analysis (PCA). The empirical results suggest the existence of a bidirectional long-run relationship between telecommunication infrastructures, economic growth and development. The causality tests reveal that there is feedback causality between telecommunication infrastructures, economic growth and development. Telecommunication infrastructures promote economic growth and development in Africa and vice versa. Thus, there is need to promote inclusive and holistic policies that will enhance digital provide, economic growth and development simultaneously in Africa. An increase in telecommunication infrastructures will encourage aggregate output and standard of living to move in the same direction in Africa.     

期待可能性论对预防刑罚观之实践问题的消解

期待可能性论与预防主义刑罚观是两个不同范畴、不同功能的刑法理论，二者出现了结合的态势。积极预防刑罚观导致刑法过度化问题，“立法要扩张，司法要谦抑”，需要运用责任论加以限制。责任理论也朝着机能化方向发展。期待可能性是现代责任论的核心。机能责任论作为一种升级版的规范责任论，在其理论框架中，期待可能性概念的地位虽然受到了一定限制，但并没有被完全否定，而是作为决定行为人对法律态度的一个根据被提出来。期待可能性依然具有刑法合理评价的价值，积极的一般预防主义本身也不排斥期待可能性，相反，应借助期待可能性论纠正一般预防观在实践中扩大打击面的弊端。我国立法规定为运用期待可能性论宽恕犯罪人提供了必要的空间，但现行教科书将期待不可能性作为无罪过事件并不科学。只有在刑事责任范畴中确定期待可能性论，才可以有效维持期待可能性论的两种评价功能。对网信犯罪的处理，可以进一步验证该理论的合理性。     

Using On-Line Process Data to Improve Quality: Challenges for Statisticians*

In the process industries measurements on a large number of process variables are routinely collected at regular intervals by on-line computers. This paper makes a case for incorporating these process variables into Statistical Process Control (SPC) schemes. Multivariate statistical methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) can be used to project these data down into low dimensional spaces where analysis, monitoring and diagnosis are easily performed. Strong justifications for taking this approach are presented and examples are given. The statistical process control community has been slow in adapting to the data explosion brought about by the computer era. It has continued to stick with traditional control charts on the quality variables and ignored this rich source of additional information on the process. This paper explores some of the reasons for this and argues that the SPC community must adapt rapidly or lose control of the field to scientists and engineers. The paper also tries to induce statisticians into looking more seriously at the many unsolved problems in this area of reduced rank multivariate statistics.     

基于聚类主成分分析的人民币国际化测量方法研究

本文研究了人民币国际化程度测算的问题。首先,在分析人民币国际化的衡量标 准和作用的基础上,构建了人民币国际化测量指标体系,并给出了各指标数据的来源、计算和 处理方法;然后对各指标进行了聚类分析,利用主成分分析法提取每类指标的重要信息,并对 人民币国际化程度进行了综合评价,得到综合评价指数;最后对评价指数的变化情况和影响因 素进行了分析和探讨。     

金融变革中的中国国债市场功能定位与发展策略

国债市场发展与金融可持续发展具有十分密切的关系,中国金融改革的深化更是离不开国债市场金融功能的完善及有效发挥。但转型背景中确立的中国国债市场,其定位存在着重财政筹资和轻金融调控的功能扭曲。因此金融变革对于中国国债市场的发展提出了更为迫切的要求。一方面完善包括立法在内的国债运行与管理制度;另一方面完善国债市场体系。这对于中国国债市场发展而言,至关重要。     

On Evaluation of the Conditional Distribution of the Deficit at the Time of Ruin

Analytic evaluation of the deficit at the time of ruin is shown to be simplified when the residual equilibrium density function associated with the claim size distribution has a certain property. This result is used to show that the conditional distribution of the deficit is a mixture of Erlangs (gamma with integer shape parameters) if the same is true of the claim size distribution. This unifies and generalizes previous results involving combinations of exponentials and a particular Erlang distribution. Extensions are then discussed.     

The kernel trick for nonlinear factor modeling

Factor modeling is a powerful statistical technique that permits common dynamics to be captured in a large panel of data with a few latent variables, or factors, thus alleviating the curse of dimensionality. Despite its popularity and widespread use for various applications ranging from genomics to finance, this methodology has predominantly remained linear. This study estimates factors nonlinearly through the kernel method, which allows for flexible nonlinearities while still avoiding the curse of dimensionality. We focus on factor-augmented forecasting of a single time series in a high-dimensional setting, known as diffusion index forecasting in macroeconomics literature. Our main contribution is twofold. First, we show that the proposed estimator is consistent and it nests the linear principal component analysis estimator as well as some nonlinear estimators introduced in the literature as specific examples. Second, our empirical application to a classical macroeconomic dataset demonstrates that this approach can offer substantial advantages over mainstream methods.     

益生菌和益生元在功能性食品中的应用现状及展望

随着人们的生活水平和健康意识的不断提高,益生菌和益生元产品越来越受到关注。目前,国内外已有许多益生菌和益生元产品实现了工业化生产,并且在我国的发展日新月异。