Literature-Related Discovery (LRD): Potential treatments for Parkinson's Disease

Literature-Related Discovery (LRD) is the linking of two or more literature concepts that have heretofore not been linked (i.e., disjoint), in order to produce novel, interesting, plausible, and intelligible knowledge (i.e., potential discovery). The open discovery systems (ODS) component of LRD starts with a problem to be solved, and generates solutions to that problem through potential discovery. We have been using ODS LRD to identify potential treatments or preventative actions for challenging medical problems, among myriad other applications. The previous two papers in this Special Issue describe the application of ODS LRD to Raynaud's Phenomenon (RP) and to cataracts.Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, affecting approximately 1% of individuals older than 60 years, and is characterized by resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. We selected the subject of PD because of its global prevalence, and its apparent intractability to all treatments except for palliative remediation mainly through drugs or surgery.Our first goal was to identify non-drug non-surgical treatments that would 1) prevent the occurrence, or 2) reduce the progression rate, or 3) stop the progression, or 4) maybe even reverse the progression, of PD. Our second goal was to demonstrate that we could again solve an ODS problem (using LRD) with no prior knowledge of any results or prior work (unlike the case of the RP problem). As in the ‘cataract’ example, we used the MeSH taxonomy of MEDLINE to restrict potential discoveries to selected semantic classes, and to identify potential discoveries efficiently. Our third goal was to generate large amounts of potential discovery in more than an order of magnitude less time than required for the RP study. The discovery generation methodology has been developed to the point where ODS LRD problems can be solved with no results or knowledge of any prior work.     

Literature-related discovery (LRD): Water purification

Literature-related discovery (LRD) is the linking of two or more literature concepts that have heretofore not been linked (i.e., disjoint), in order to produce novel, interesting, plausible, and intelligible knowledge (i.e., potential discovery). LRD has two main components that differ in their methodological approach to discovery: Literature-based discovery (LBD) produces potential discovery through analysis of the technical literature alone; Literature-assisted discovery (LAD) produces potential discovery through both analysis of the technical literature and use of selected authors of that literature. These authors generate potential discovery as proposers, workshop/panel participants, or in other active roles.The open discovery systems (ODS) component of LRD starts with a problem to be solved, and generates solutions to that problem through potential discovery. We have been using ODS LRD to identify potential treatments or preventative actions for challenging medical problems, among myriad other applications. The previous four papers in this Special Issue describe the application of ODS LRD (specifically, the ODS LBD variant) to Raynaud's Phenomenon (RP), cataracts, Parkinson's Disease (PD), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS).One goal of the present study was to determine whether LRD could be successfully applied (for the first time) to a challenging non-medical technical problem to generate potential discovery. The second goal was to explore the use of both LRD variants (LBD and LAD) to a non-medical technical problem. We selected the problem of water purification (WP) because of universal applicability and sponsor interest.We used LRD to identify purification concepts, technology components and systems that could lead to improved water purification techniques. We accessed many disparate disciplines to identify purification concepts from literatures not normally associated with water purification. We used two LBD approaches, Cluster Filtering and Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), to search for potential discovery. We generated voluminous amounts of potential discovery, and believe we have only scratched the surface of what is possible. We also ran a short experiment using LAD to identify experts associated with potential discovery concepts, and use their expertise to generate potential discovery for water purification.     

矿业城市工业废弃地再开发策略研究

论文首先阐述矿业城市工业废弃地的概念,分析了工业废弃地的负面影响及其蕴含的资源价值,归纳了工业废弃地作为矿业城市新资源的潜在优势,引入资源"创新集成"概念,明确经济发展、社会稳定、文化延续、自然环境及城市体型环境综合提升的五个目标,最后探讨了矿业城市工业废弃地再开发的策略.     

A comparative analysis of major online review platforms: Implications for social media analytics in hospitality and tourism

Online consumer reviews have been studied for various research problems in hospitality and tourism. However, existing studies using review data tend to rely on a single data source and data quality is largely anecdotal. This greatly limits the generalizability and contribution of social media analytics research. Through text analytics this study comparatively examines three major online review platforms, namely TripAdvisor, Expedia, and Yelp, in terms of information quality related to online reviews about the entire hotel population in Manhattan, New York City. The findings show that there are huge discrepancies in the representation of the hotel industry on these platforms. Particularly, online reviews vary considerably in terms of their linguistic characteristics, semantic features, sentiment, rating, usefulness as well as the relationships between these features. This study offers a basis for understanding the methodological challenges and identifies several research directions for social media analytics in hospitality and tourism.     

“情境—表达—结局”框架下中国减排政策变迁与反思

为分析改革开放以来中国减排政策的变化特征及趋势，构建了“情境-表达-结局”的分析框架，对1981-2015年7个“五年规划”及减排政策进行文本挖掘。研究结果表明：中国减排政策变迁历程基本符合“情境—表达—结局”的一般规律；对污染物排放的情境认知、政策表达及结局存在相对时间延滞；原有排放情境尚未根本改变，新的情境又陆续叠加，增加了环境治理压力。因此，既应正视“情境-表达-结局”的客观性，又应努力提升政策的前瞻性和预见性。     

Oracle全文检索技术的应用

随着现代通信技术以及网络技术的发展,人们在工作中需要面对的信息量越来越大,处理海量信息已经成为人们工作中的最大难题。本文介绍了Oracle Text的关键技术和运行原理,并采用该技术将基于Oracle数据库的文章进行信息检索。通过研究了Oracle在全文检索方面的组件Oracle Text的体系结构,Oracle Text应用步骤及它的实现,应用Oracle Text组件来实现基于Oracle数据库的全文检索,达到解决海量信息的全文检索目的。     

“How was your meal?” Examining customer experience using Google maps reviews

The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of restaurant attributes and the underlying factors impacting overall customer experience within a range of different restaurant types. To understand their experiences, this study analyses online reviews of restaurants which have become important sources of customer experience data. This current research utilises a combination of quantitative analyses to examine 935,386 Google Maps reviews of 5010 restaurants in London, Birmingham, and Manchester. The authors used the VADER sentiment analysis algorithm to measure the sentiment of four key restaurant attributes: food, service, atmosphere, and value. Logistic regression was conducted to test the relationships between these attributes and a 5-star rating. Furthermore, logistic regression was used to compare the changes of odds at different star rating levels. To understand the factors that drive positive and negative reviews, the top 30 food items of 8 types of restaurants were analysed.     

徐州矿务集团信息化管控统一平台建设探讨及设计

根据煤矿信息化建设存在的问题,阐述了矿务集团信息化管控统一平台建设的必要性,并分析了其具体实现的关键性工作,最后给出矿务集团信息化管控统一平台建设的概要设计。     

淄矿集团构建本质安全管理体系的探索与实践

为了减少煤矿安全事故的发生,建设本质安全型矿井是煤炭工业发展的必然趋势。结合本质安全管理体系的建设情况,从理念引导、管理创新、科技推进、员工培训等方面介绍了本质安全管理体系的建设与实施情况。     

The behavior of stock returns in the mining industry following the Iraq war

The aim of this article is to characterize the dynamics of stock returns of 10 leading mining firms over a politically unstable period, marked by 9/11 and the subsequent invasion of Iraq. To that end, we analyze the evolution of return volatility over time, examine the dynamics of volatility persistence, and test for the presence of volatility shifts. We also examine whether volatility and trading volume obey the one-factor mixture-of-distribution hypothesis (MDH). Finally, we analyze whether the performance of mining stock returns may be influenced by the evolution of the energy sector. The results suggest that firms which belong to the same industry did not necessarily exhibit identical patterns of return volatility. Secondly, shocks to volatility and volume are in general dynamically asymmetric, which violates the one-factor MDH. Thirdly, the metals and minerals analyzed exhibited different degrees of dependency on energy prices.