经济学的二重性和在政策分析中的角色

经济学具有二重性,即兼具科学性质和人文性质.作为科学的经济学只涉及解释手段的选择,不考虑目的的选择问题.这是因为:手段的效果可以通过事实经验地证明,而目的包含价值观和伦理因素,无法转换为纯粹经验的描述.虽然不符合实证原则,但是作为人文的经济学是作为科学的经济学的前提,作为人文的经济学讨论目的的选择.在目的选择的过程中,伦理、价值判断、政治哲学等因素起着决定性的作用.社会实现稳定和谐的最终基础是道义与共识.     

国际金融危机对中东欧国家经济的影响

中东欧的经济转轨国家在当前的国际金融危机中受到了比其他经济体更严重的影响。国际金融危机对中东欧国家造成的影响和冲击与这些国家转型后形成的制度基础和经济发展模式有关；各转型经济体因参与国际分工的方式和比较优势的不同，受到的影响也不同，但面临着性质大体相同的挑战。     

从跨文化角度看中西方广告特征及其翻译策略

广告文化具有明显的大众性,商业性,民族性和时代性的特点。一定的文化传统,信仰和价值观在很大程度上左右着商业经营者以及消费者的心理和行为,从而影响各国广告活动。本文就几点跨文化角度下的中西广告特征进行列举分析,并且针对这些特征提出一些翻译策略。     

A model of local labor market regulation of China in the transition period

With the establishment of labor market of China, market is playing a more and mare important role in allocation of human resources. However, with the transition of economy in China and industrial upgrading in recent years, many labor problems have occurred which do harm to the sustainable development of local economy. The paper researches on the labor market issues of China from the perspective of local labor market regulation. Firstly, it reviews the theories of local labor market regulation. And then the main components of local labor market regulation of China are identified and the evaluation index system is established. The results of analysis of the calculated output show that （1） the local labor market regulation of China has an obvious character of gradient distribution geographically and decreases gradually from east to west; （2） of all the regulations, the regulation of the development of human capital has the most significant impact on local economy currently which is followed by the regulation of labor relation and the regulation of market participation. As to the regulation of social security, it has no Significant impact on the development of local economy.     

Income inequality and economic growth

Despite the extensive existing literature on income inequality and economic growth, there remains considerable disagreement on the effect of inequality on economic growth. Existing literatures find either a positive or a negative relationship. In this paper, we attempt to theoretically examine that relationship with a stochastic optimal growth model. We make the disagreement clear within a single model. We conclude (i) that both are possible – that is, higher inequality can retard growth in the early stage of economic development, and can encourage growth in a near steady state, (ii) that income redistribution by high income tax does not always reduce income inequality. Income inequality can be reduced by higher income tax in a near steady state, but it cannot be reduced in the early stage of economic development, and (iii) that two government polices – rapid economic growth and low income inequality – can be achieved by low income tax in the early stage of economic development, but both cannot be achieved simultaneously in a near steady state.     

新疆与中亚五国经济贸易发展研究

中国新疆与中亚五国的对外经济贸易对于加强国际经济合作,促进边疆地区的经济和社会发展,以及推动新疆跨越式发展均有重要意义。本文对2002-2011年中国新疆与中亚五国对外贸易情况进行了实证分析,揭示新疆与中亚五国经济贸易发展中需要关注的问题:贸易发展不平衡,质量和效益不高;俄白哈关税同盟带来挑战;边境贸易占主导,加工贸易较薄弱;贸易结算方式亟待改进。对于这些问题,本文提出了相关建议,以推动新疆外贸发展。     

Tariff equivalents of nontariff measures: the case of European horticultural and fish imports from African countries

In the context of the Partnership Agreements between the European Union (EU) and the African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries, this study estimates ad valorem tariff equivalents of European food safety standards on imports of key horticultural and fish products from Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. The study uses an extension of the price‐wedge method to account for imperfect substitution and factor endowment in monopolistic competition. The estimated tariff equivalents are 55% and 98% for imports of fresh peas from Zambia to the Netherlands and the U.K., respectively. They range from 39% to 64% for imports of green beans and avocados from Kenya and from 63% to 270% for imports of frozen fish fillets in EU countries from the East African Community. We also observe large variations in tariff equivalents for the horticultural and fish products over time and EU importing countries.     

大国消费品牌强国生产品牌

国际城市需要品牌,品牌造就国际城市,品牌需要国际城市的依托,而国际城市要凭借品牌的点缀.我们应该有条件进口一部分国际品牌,满足新生富裕阶层的需要,但只有输出品牌和服务,才标志着跨进强国的行列.在品牌经营上要实施差异化经营,这是对购物中心定位、大型百货店发展提出的要求,要扩大品牌在经营中的比例,同时,中国经营品牌化是一种趋势,要求品牌引进有重点,以完善小康型社会对商品需求为主体,采取多种形式使广大消费者认识品牌的价值,重视品牌的宣传和推介,提高和增强广大消费者的品牌意识.品牌体现的是商品价值,需要通过服务和营销才能把商品卖出去,需要相适应的精致服务和配套服务.要创建服务品牌,提高服务品牌的质量,提供与品牌商品相适应的服务方式和服务形式.     

Institutional Quality and Public Debt Accumulation: An Empirical Analysis

The question of public debt management for both developed and developing economies has generated an enormous amount of political as well as academic interest. This study examines how governance affects public debt accumulation in the MENA countries during the 1996–2015 period. The six Worldwide Governance indicators (voice and accountability, political stability and the absence of violence/terrorism, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law and control of corruption) were used to measure the quality of governance in these countries. The results show that only three governance indicators support well the hypothesis that poor governance leads to higher accumulation of MENA public debt. Moreover, the estimates suggest a significant indirect impact of bad governance operating via decreased GDP growth. These findings have important implications for policy makers of these countries, which are currently facing major fiscal and external imbalances due to the high cost of war and terrorist attacks, low oil prices and a decline in trade. Sound public debt management represents an urgent task especially that public debt management problems often find their origins in the lack of attention paid by policymakers to the costs of bad governance and weak macroeconomic management.