开放条件下的R＆D与比较优势的动态变化

文章探讨了比较优势实现动态变化的路径问题，并着重讨论专业化的研发投入（R＆D）对比较实现动态变化的影响，认为绝对的研发效率是比较优势实现动态转化的条件。在此基础上，讨论了动态比较优势与福利增长之间的关系，结论表明，比较优势实现动态变化对于保证福利水平的长期增长来说是必不可少的。     

本地市场效应、比较优势动态化与地方中枢型产业的选择

空间经济学理论表明,基于市场规模的产业本地市场效是新的比较优势的源泉。从产业本地市场效应角度考察我国区域间产业发展,利用《中国区域间投入产出表》测算中国不同区域和不同产业的本地市场效应大小,即“超常需求”的大小,发现伴随规模经济的“本地市场效应”可以较好地解释我国产业空间结构的现象。根据产业本地市场效应,即以市场需求为导向来培育主要产业是构建现代产业体系的途径之一,是未来我国产业升级的重要方向。     

“信号与系统”课程教学方法初探

针对"信号与系统"课程理论性强、数学公式多,学生理解和掌握困难以及实验条件有限等现状,提出了运用主线教学法、比较法等多种教学方法,将MATLAB仿真软件引入课程教学的各个环节,加强习题课教学等措施以期达到提高教学效果的目的。最后通过一个实例说明了该教学方法的具体运用。     

中美两国政府审计制度的比较与借鉴

我国政府审计制度创建于上世纪80年代初期,国务院和县级以上地方政府设立审计机关,在国务院总理和地方各级行政首长的领导下独立行使审计职权。美国为三权分立政治体制,国家审计长独立行使审计权。本文试就我国政府审计制度的特点、政府审计制度、政府审计规范体系、审计机关与行政、立法、司法机关的关系等,与美国政府审计制度进行比较,希望能对我国政府审计制度的健康发展有所裨益。     

Positive versus negative comparative advertising

Two studies examined cognitive responses to comparative advertising that was valenced, i.e., was either negative or positive. Negative comparative advertising featured the advertised brand derogating the comparison brand (I'm OK, you're not OK). Positive comparative advertising claimed superiority over the comparison brand in a nonderogatory manner (You're OK, I'm more OK). Subjects were exposed to either a negative comparative ad or a positive comparative ad. In study 1, the ad featured either a high or low share advertised brand and either a high or low share comparison brand while in study 2, the ad featured advertised and comparison brands with either a strong or a weak reputation. Across both studies, it was found that negative comparative advertising evoked significantly higher counterargumentation and lower claim acceptance than its positive counterpart. Also, when the advertised brand had a high share relative to the comparison brand, counterargumentation was lower and claim acceptance was higher vis-a-vis when the advertised brand had a low share relative to the comparison brand. Findings pertaining to brand reputation were mixed. Managerial and future research implications of the findings are discussed.     

国际产业转移的理论依据及变化趋势--对国际产业转移过程中比较优势动态变化规律的探讨

国际产业转移直接影响着国际分工格局的形成及其变化，影响着世界产业结构的调整和优化升级?当今国际产业转移有它的基本规律，其变化趋势利用“头脑”与“躯干”的价值差异，实现“价值链拆分”和“产业空间分割”。实现“头脑产业”和“躯干产业”的国际分工；将品牌经营和加工制造相分离；利用生产线上的前后向联系和市场的关联效应．以支柱产业带动相关联产业向移入国集聚并形成产业集群优势。     

The Communication of Corporate Social Responsibility: United States and European Union Multinational Corporations

This study explores corporate social responsibility (CSR) by conducting a cross-cultural analysis of communication of CSR activities in a total of 16 U.S. and European corporations. Drawing on previous research contrasting two major approaches to CSR initiatives, it was proposed that U.S. companies would tend to communicate about and justify CSR using economic or bottom-line terms and arguments whereas European companies would rely more heavily on language or theories of citizenship, corporate accountability, or moral commitment. Results supported this expectation of difference, with some modification. Specifically, results indicated that EU companies do not value sustainability to the exclusion of financial elements, but instead project sustainability commitments in addition to financial commitments. Further, U.S.-based companies focused more heavily on financial justifications whereas EU-based companies incorporated both financial and sustainability elements in justifying their CSR activities. In addition, wide variance was found in both the prevalence and use of specific CSR-related terminology. Cross-cultural distinctions in this use create implications with regard to measurability and evidence of both strategic and bottom-line impact. Directions for further research are discussed. Laura P. Hartman is a Professor of Business Ethics and Legal Studies in the Management Department in the College of Commerce at DePaul University, as Associate Vice President for Academic Affairs of the University and as Research Director of DePaul’s Institute for Business and Professional Ethics. She is also an invited professor at INSEAD (France), HEC (France), the University of Melbourne, the Université Paul Cezanne Aix Marseille III and the Grenoble Graduate School of Business. She has been published in, among other journals, Business Ethics Quarterly, Business & Society Review, Business Ethics: A European Review, and the Journal of Business Ethics. Robert S. Rubin is an Assistant Professor in the Management Department at DePaul University’s Kellstadt Graduate School of Business. He received his PhD in organizational psychology from Saint Louis University. His current research interests include transformational leadership, leader cynicism, social and emotional individual differences, and management education and development. K. Kathy Dhanda is an Associate Professor at the Department of Management at DePaul University. Her areas of research include sustainable supply chains, environmental networks, marketable permit modeling, sustainable management, and public policy.     

旅游目的地"社区参与"的三种典型模式比较研究

本文在分析研究国内外相关文献、理论并实地考察国内许多旅游目的地"社区参与"案例的基础上,从中选取3个典型(案例)的社区参与模式进行了比较分析,试图从实证的角度更深入地探索和解析旅游目的地"社区参与"的内在本质、特点、内容或方式,进而探索和寻求旅游目的地"社区参与"更有效的途径与方式.     

中国B2C旅游电子商务盈利模式比较研究--以携程旅行网和春秋旅游网为例

本文以携程旅行网和春秋旅游网为例，对两种具有普遍性的B2c旅游电子商务盈利模式建立模型并进行市场调查，比较分析这两种模式的共同点、核心差异、相对优劣和市场对他们的选择倾向，探讨我国B2C旅游电子商务与传统旅游企业结合的合理途径以及未来盈利模式的调整与发展方向，指出市场是判断盈利模式合理性的唯一标准。     

比较优势与竞争优势的关系分析

比较优势是静态的竞争力，是一国绝对竞争力的基础。而竞争优势是一种动态的、综合的竞争力，所以拥有比较优势并不等于拥有现实的竞争力，而拥有竞争优势才称得上真正拥有现实的竞争力。因此应对劳动密集型产业进行人力资本投入和技术投入，提高其技术密集度，使其由简单劳动密集型转变为智力劳动密集型，实现比较优势向竞争优势的转化。