Intellectual Property Rights and Crop-Improving R&D under Adaptive Destruction

This paper studies how the strength of intellectual property rights (IPRs) affects investments in biological innovations when the value of an innovation is stochastically reduced to zero because of the evolution of pest resistance. We frame the problem as a research and development (R&D) investment game in a duopoly model of sequential innovation. We characterize the incentives to invest in R&D under two competing IPR regimes, which differ in their treatment of the follow-on innovations that become necessary because of pest adaptation. Depending on the magnitude of the R&D cost, ex ante firms might prefer an intellectual property regime with or without a “research exemption” provision. The study of the welfare function that also accounts for benefit spillovers to consumers—which is possible analytically under some parametric conditions, and numerically otherwise—shows that the ranking of the two IPR regimes depends critically on the extent of the R&D cost.      

中国新型农村合作医疗的完善

实施新型农村合作医疗是惠及千家万户、造福百万农民的温暖工程。为此,完善农村合作医疗要加大宣传力度,提高农民参保积极性,对农村医疗机构进行整合;充分发挥政府的作用,加大政府投入等。     

建立高校创新型人才培养完整构架的研究

党中央关于建设创新型国家的重大战略决策,使得现代大学教育要更多更好的塑造创新型人才成为了一个重要使命。而创新型人才的培养必定是一个集行政管理、素质培育、课程教学和实践能力等有系统、有规模、综合性的造就过程。要真正建立完善而高效的创新型人才培养新教育模式,就必须要整体的构建创新型人才培养体系。只有整体的构建创新型人才培养体系,才能够使得创新型人才培养取得事半功倍的成效。     

企业人才发展战略之人才再教育

当前信息时代背景下,人才已经成为企业发展的核心,人力资本投入也成为占据我国各种不同企业类型投入成本的很大比重,企业的竞争已经体现在人才的竞争,企业的成败也逐渐体现在人才发展战略的成败。通过实证分析,对我国企业人才再教育的形式进行总结并提出其中的不足之处,针对获取再教育渠道拓展,再教育方式等多个层面提出自身的意见及策略,与业内人士共享。     

国有大型商业银行内部控制体系建设问题的思考

近些年,国有大型商业银行不断深化内控管理体制改革,在健全和完善内控体系上做出了积极贡献,但当前在其内部控制制度体系、监督评价体系、管理工作奖惩机制和内控文化建设等方面都存在着一些问题。为适应大型商业银行经营转型和建设现代商业银行体系工作的需要,必须在这些方面采取相应的有效措施,以构建起严密高效的内部控制体系。     

Existence of equilibrium in common agency games with adverse selection

We establish the existence of subgame perfect equilibria in general menu games, known to be sufficient to analyze common agency problems. Our main result states that every menu game satisfying enough continuity properties has a subgame perfect equilibrium. Despite the continuity assumptions that we make, discontinuities naturally arise due to the absence, in general, of continuous optimal choices for the agent. Our approach, then, is based on (and generalizes) the existence theorem of [Simon, L., Zame, W., 1990. Discontinuous games and endogenous sharing rules. Econometrica 58 (4), 861–872] designed for discontinuous games.     

浅谈高校实验室管理体系的完善

伴随着上海地方本科院校＂十二五＂内涵建设的全面铺开,各高校已逐步将实验室建设作为重点建设内容。高校实验室除作为一般实验室应有的基本演练与动手操作功能,同时还是高校科研、教学的重要阵地。在进一步推进实践教学的意义上,要发挥实验室实践教学的优势,使高校实验室能够成为实践教学良性发展的重要保障,不仅需要有人员、仪器设备、环境的建设和配备,同时需要有一套完备的管理体系作为考核实验室的重要标准。     

金融运行成本、帕累托最优与金融经营体制选择

通过对金融运行成本的分析可知,金融监管效率的提高、金融机构内部建设的完善和金融交易技术的改进,决定了当前实行混业经营更有助于金融业发展;同时,通过对金融效率实现条件的分析可知,实现金融资源帕累托效率的最重要前提是完全竞争的金融市场。最终得出结论：混业经营更有利于使金融体系保持活力,分业管制不具有长期性的普遍意义。     

Measuring Prices and Price Competition Online: Amazon.com and BarnesandNoble.com

Despite the interest in measuring price sensitivity of online consumers, most academic work on Internet commerce is hindered by a lack of data on quantity. In this paper we use publicly available data on the sales ranks of about 20,000 books to derive quantity proxies at the two leading online booksellers. Matching this information to prices, we can directly estimate the elasticities of demand facing both merchants as well as create a price index for online books. The results show significant price sensitivity at both merchants but demand at BarnesandNoble.com is much more price-elastic than is demand at Amazon.com. The data also allow us to estimate the magnitude of bias in the CPI due to the rise of Internet sales.     

A noncooperative foundation of the asymmetric Nash bargaining solution

We consider a noncooperative multilateral bargaining model with heterogeneous time preferences in which the first rejector of a proposal in the current round becomes the proposer in the next round. We show the existence of a stationary subgame perfect equilibrium (SSPE), characterize SSPEs and show the efficiency of SSPEs. We show that any sequence of SSPE payoff profiles converges to the asymmetric Nash bargaining solution weighted by the inverses of discount rates as the bargaining friction vanishes.