“共同富裕”的实践探索与理论反思

“共同富裕”作为社会主义的根本原则和内在要求,是社会主义优越性最集中的体现。新中国成立后我们党一直坚持走“共同富裕”道路,经历了从追求“同步富裕”到探索“先富带后富”的实践历程。面对全国居民收入差距日益扩大的现实,我们必须从理论上深入研究并阐释实现“共同富裕”的重要性和长期性,既要吸收和借鉴国外的有益经验,同时也要坚持中国特色社会主义的道路自信、理论自信和制度自信。只有彻底反思“共同富裕”实践探索中出现的新问题,才能找准全面深化改革的切入点,不断完善“共同富裕”的带动机制和保障机制,坚定不移地朝着“共同富裕”方向稳步前进。     

论地下车库之建筑物区分所有权

停车位、停车库的归属与使用是现代建筑物区分所有权制度的重要问题,在我国物权法的立法过程中,这个问题也引发了广泛的关注。本文就此问题展开讨论,针对《物权法》对于地下车库归属规定不明,权利分配不均之现状,建议应当对《物权法》第74条第2款做出必要的修改,明确产权归属。     

食品安全法律制度探析

《食品安全法》为作为弱势群体的消费者提供了救济途径和方法,也提供了更为完善的食品安全保障。但我国食品安全方面的法律制度相较于发达国家及国际组织还不完善。因此,我们可以借鉴其在食品安全法律监管方面形成的先进管理模式和丰富经验,从法律的层面来完善我国的食品安全保障体系。本文通过阐述我国现有食品安全法律法规体系现状,同时综合国外健全的食品安全法律体系、良好的食品安全管理体制、完善的食品安全监管制度等先进经验,对建立我国食品安全法律法规体系提出完善建议。     

中美独立董事规模与会计舞弊相关性的比较

虽然中美两国在面对上市公司日益严重的会计舞弊现象时,都表现出不断扩大独立董事规模的强烈愿望,但基于两国市场和制度背景的比较分析发现,美国独立董事数量的增加能够显著遏制会计舞弊行为,而中国逐渐规范的独立董事队伍却没能有效发挥出预防和监督会计舞弊发生的作用。为提高独立董事的监管效力,我国需要从实施责任监督和追究制度、变革选任办法及履职规范、调整人员结构和创造履职环境等方面促进独立董事制度的完善。     

我国民事执行程序性救济制度的完善设想

民事执行程序性救济,是民事执行救济制度的类型之一,世界上许多国家和地区的立法中对其均有规定,我国2007年《民事诉讼法》将民事执行救济制度作为修改的重点,其增设了对程序事项的救济,但仍有诸多不够详尽、完善之处。实践中,执行难,执行乱的现实依然没有得到彻底的解决,民事执行救济落实得不到位。为此,本文在探讨了民事执行程序性救济的基本理论,分析了我国现行民事执行程序性救济制度的现状和不足之后,提出我国民事执行程序性救济制度的完善设想。     

Exploring How Managers Conceive and Practice Market Orientation in Near “Perfect” Food Markets

Abstract

This paper explores what it means to be market-oriented in food commodity markets, i.e., markets that are near “perfect” as characterized in economics. This is an almost neglected topic in past research on market orientation. By eliciting how top managers in food commodity firms conceptualize market orientation, we reveal that their understanding and practice of market orientation partly deviates from the prototypical views reflected in the market orientation literature. Findings are discussed and implications highlighted.     

Bequests, Inter Vivos Transfers, and Wealth Distribution

This paper constructs a heterogeneous agent overlapping generations model with bequests and inter vivos transfers. In the model, households in the same family line behave strategically to determine their consumption, working hours, gifts, and savings. Calibrating the model to the U.S. economy, the paper measures time preference and parental altruism consistent with the economy's capital-output ratio and the size of intergenerational transfers. The model with intergenerational transfers better explains, although not fully, the wealth distribution of the United States. The paper also analyzes the effects of government policy changes on wealth accumulation, distribution, and social welfare. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: D31, D64, D91, H31.     

浅论篡夺公司机会的禁止

商业机会是一个公司生存发展的源泉，如果一个公司在激烈的市场竞争中好不容易争取到的商业机会却还遭内部经营管理人员的篡夺，那对公司利益是极大的侵害，影响正常的经济秩序。正因为如此，英美法系国家公司法在实践中总结并发展了一种名为禁止篡夺公司机会的理论。本文在借鉴英美成功立法经验的基础上，对董事篡夺公司机会之禁止义务进行了一定的入全面的探讨，并就我国《公司法》中相关制度的完善提出了一些建设性的构想。     

中国城镇住房市场定价行为研究

本文利用完全信息混合战略动态博弈方法对中国城镇住房市场销售者与购买者交易过程进行博弈分析。根据精炼纳什均衡解,在销售者预期市场条件不变的情况下,住房最优定价由销售者交易时间贴现因子决定,且与贴现因子呈反向变化关系;在预期市场条件变化情况下,最优定价由贴现因子与市场条件变动系数共同决定。     

Intellectual Property Rights and Crop-Improving R&D under Adaptive Destruction

This paper studies how the strength of intellectual property rights (IPRs) affects investments in biological innovations when the value of an innovation is stochastically reduced to zero because of the evolution of pest resistance. We frame the problem as a research and development (R&D) investment game in a duopoly model of sequential innovation. We characterize the incentives to invest in R&D under two competing IPR regimes, which differ in their treatment of the follow-on innovations that become necessary because of pest adaptation. Depending on the magnitude of the R&D cost, ex ante firms might prefer an intellectual property regime with or without a “research exemption” provision. The study of the welfare function that also accounts for benefit spillovers to consumers—which is possible analytically under some parametric conditions, and numerically otherwise—shows that the ranking of the two IPR regimes depends critically on the extent of the R&D cost.