How does perceived underemployment influence expatriate job-related outcomes? A moderated mediation study

Abstract

Although research has investigated the consequences of underemployment in domestic settings, research on the effects of underemployment among expatriates remains limited and has yielded inconsistent results. From a theoretical perspective, there is a need for a better understanding of the mechanisms through which underemployment affects various work-related outcomes and to account for potential contingencies. Drawing on the person-job fit literature and research on organizational identification, we theorise and empirically examine how and under what conditions underemployment influences expatriate performance. Using an original primary data-set of 103 Japanese expatriate managers in the UK, we find that underemployment affects expatriate work outcomes by increasing expatriates’ maladjustment and that this effect is moderated by the level to which expatriates identify with their organization.     

INTEREG: A Twenty-region Input–Output Model for Italy

Since the regional scale turns out to be the scale at which fiscal devolution is likely to be accomplished in Italy, and that at which trade and growth interdependencies as well as regional convergence can be most conveniently investigated, a new 20-region input–output model for Italy seems to be a useful tool of analysis. Although various regional and interregional models have been constructed since the 1950s, none has been implemented for the whole system of 20 Italian administrative regions considered in their tight mutual dependence; also, the pool approach has not been greatly favoured, even in situations where direct information on regional trade is lacking. The main purpose of this paper is to report on the structure of the model, the rather complex procedure used in the model construction and the adopted solution technique. Some space is devoted to the problems encountered in handling regional trade endogenously in an input–output setting and to a comparison between the pool approach, used in the Italian model, and other current techniques. The paper also reports on some preliminary results regarding the regional impact of fiscal policy.     

后发劣势:对后发国家发展战略的深层思考

随着国内外环境的改变和后发劣势的增加,曾经是后发国家最优战略选择的日、韩模式已失去了其存在的基础,盲目模仿反而会造成政府与市场的双重失灵;而作为当前最优制度选择的西方成熟的民主市场经济加宏观调控体制,则由于国情相异太大,后发国家难以模仿;在这种背景下,作为次优战略选择的民主宪政加自由市场模式就成为大部分后发国家当前的最佳选择.     

China–US trade: implications on conflicts

ABSTRACT

In this study, we examine various aspects of China’s trade, the U.S.’ trade, and the bilateral trade between the two countries. The analysis of each aspect has direct and indirect implications on trade conflicts between the two countries. We focus on important factors, such as the growth of trade, import penetration, increased competitiveness of Chinese firms, comparative advantages of Chinese goods, China’s WTO entry and its compliance, and bilateral trade imbalance. While each of the factors can lead to trade frictions, individual factors will not have led to a large-scale trade war. These factors converge within a brief period and thus can be considered the China shock, thereby making other countries’ adjustments to their economic structures difficult. Therefore, trade frictions are inevitable.     

会计准则的供给与需求

会计信息是一种典型的公共物品,由于存在“市场失灵”、“政府失灵”,无法从根本上回答是政府制定会计准则还是由民间机构制定准则。从准则的供需角度出发,我国会计准则与美国以及国际会计准则的不同具有必然性,因为供给与需求不同,导致各国会计目标不完全相同。目标如不一致,所采用的会计政策与会计方法就会有侧重。     

团队模式下人力资源选拔理论与方法的改进——基于"个体-团队"匹配视角的分析

随着越来越多的企业在业务运作中采用了团队这一组织模式，如何有效的进行团队人力资源选拔与配置成为当前研究与实践共同关注的焦点。个体与团队的匹配是团队高效运作的重要前提。文章在对团队人力资源选拔的特殊要求以及“个体一团队”匹配的概念模型进行剖析的基础上，从工作分析、人力资源测评方法和测验工具三个方面对团队模式下的人力资源选拔的理论模型进行了改进，并分别给出了一些实际应用的操作方法。     

我国公司制企业法人治理结构存在的问题及对策

建立现代化企业制度是我国国有企业改革的目标,其核心是完善公司法人治理结构。然而,现行公司制企业中,由于法人治理结构不健全,致使企业经营机制没有根本转变。国有企业改革当务之急是明晰、规范市场经济企业产权,建立国有资产管理机构,确立“股东大会、董事会、监事会”的有效制约机制,完善内在制约机制和激励机制,调整好公司制企业法人治理结构。     

关系和谐≠人 自然 人

人是不能离开关系而存活的,从哲学的维度来看,关系就是人的一种生存状态,为人的生存和发展提供了空间和可能。某种程度上说,关系也就是人类社会的代名词,它内涵有社会属性。当然这些关系是在实践中生成的,并且是和实践同构的关系。关系的本质就是一种动态的和谐,而不是一加一的累积。我们可以从社会化的关系、社会关系以及社会内的关系等角度来认识关系。鉴于现在人类面临着越来越多的严峻挑战,旧有的生存关系的“和谐”状态遭到破坏,全面的属人关系产生了一种失衡和异化。在这新的生存环境之中,怎样去建立一种真正的和谐关系,来体察人在现实生活空间中生存和发展的可能性,是值得我们深思的问题。     

Expected exponential utility maximization of insurers with a Linear Gaussian stochastic factor model

In this paper, we consider the problem of optimal investment by an insurer. The wealth of the insurer is described by a Cramér–Lundberg process. The insurer invests in a market consisting of a bank account and m risky assets. The mean returns and volatilities of the risky assets depend linearly on economic factors that are formulated as the solutions of linear stochastic differential equations. Moreover, the insurer preferences are exponential. With this setting, a Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation that is derived via a dynamic programming approach has an explicit solution found by solving the matrix Riccati equation. Hence, the optimal strategy can be constructed explicitly. Finally, we present some numerical results related to the value function and the ruin probability using the optimal strategy.     

Ownership concentration and bank risk: international study on acquisitions

This paper explores the effects of different types of bank ownership concentration on changes in bank risk during acquisition years. Using multi-country data from 2000 to 2006, during which market failures caused by various crises and government interventions are less influential to acquisition decisions, we collect 505 banking acquisition deals from 23 countries to examine which type of ownership concentration (such as financial intermediary, capital investor, non-financial, and state ownership) brings larger changes to an acquirer’s risk from pre-acquisition year to post-acquisition year (including non-performing loans, capital adequacy ratio, loan loss reserve, and credit rating). The empirical analyses show that acquirer banks with a concentration of shares owned by financial intermediaries and non-financial firms experience larger risk changes during acquisition years. In contrast, the risk changes of acquirer banks with a concentration of capital investors and state ownership are lower. Robustness checks from the random effect estimation, instrumental variables model, reverse causality, and different subsamples of (non-)U.S. or different levels of regulation enforcement confirm these results.