抓好在制品动态管理,提高现场综合管理水平

在制品这个生产管理方面的术语 ,在工厂里尽人皆知。它既是生产过程进行的必然结果 ,又是维持连续生产的必要条件。本文以推行精益生产方式为出发点 ,提出了对在制品实施动态管理的思路和方法 ,从而实现以动态的思想有效控制不断流动着和变化着的在制品的目的。     

Implications of variant efficiency measures for policy evaluations in UK higher education

Policy goals in UK higher education encourage the publicly funded universities to become more-specialised and larger in size without compromising output quality. Efficiency gains are expected to flow from this increased specialisation in accordance with universities’ comparative research and teaching strengths. Mergers to reap further gains from economies of scale are also being actively encouraged. Given this scenario, the paper investigates whether best-practice efficiency measurement based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) provides empirical support for the current policy goals. It also assesses whether such support is dependent on the specific type of efficiency measure used in the DEA modelling. This assessment finds that a selection of (nine) commonly used, variant efficiency measures generally support the current policy goals. The paper also uses the principal-agent framework to explore the issues involved in using computed DEA-based efficiency scores for policy evaluations and possible funding guidance in UK higher education. This highlights empirically how policy-makers and universities can have very different preferences about which efficiency measure is to be used for policy evaluations and possible funding guidance.     

基于DEA的经济新区投资绩效评价——以天津滨海新区为例

本文利用数据包络分析(DEA)方法,对经济新区投资绩效进行了综合分析,指出各个非DEA有效决策单元中存在的投入冗余与产出不足并提出了相关结论与建议。     

基于相对竞争力比较的零售企业竞争力评价分析

通过对企业竞争力涵义的分析,构建了零售企业竞争力综合评价指标体系;利用功效系数法和综合评价的方法,通过与同行业其它零售企业竞争力比较和零售企业对自身竞争力评判的方式,建立零售企业的竞争力综合评价模型;使企业能够客观、正确地认识和评价企业自身竞争力,为其进一步提高自己市场竞争力提供科学有效的理论依据。     

Understanding resource deployment efficiency for ESG and financial performance: A DEA approach

COVID-19 has stimulated additional research interest on economic sustainability and ESG in both academia and industry. This study adopts a DEA approach to examine the efficiency of achieving ESG targets and their relationships with financial performance. Using MSCI ESG data from 2015 to 2019 on 1108 Chinese firms, we examine the ESG proportional and pillar mix efficiencies. The dominant strategies for our sampled firms are to improve overall ESG performance by enhancing the E and S pillars through sacrificing G’s performance. The second result shows a positive relationship between proportional efficiency and financial performance while a mixed relationship between pillar mix efficiency and financial performance. However, for the technology sector, there exists some trade-offs between ESG performance and financial performance. Specifically, relative to non-technology firms, improving proportional and pillar mix efficiencies for technology firms could result in some sacrifice in stock valuation.     

农机服务规模经营对粮食生产效率的影响机理研究

依据2009—2019年全国31个省（自治区、直辖市）的省级面板数据,运用随机前沿分析方法和Tobit模型,考量农机服务规模经营对粮食生产效率的影响及其作用机理。结果显示：2009—2019年,中国粮食生产效率总体递增,但区域间发展不平衡;农机服务规模经营通过技术引入效应和劳动力替代效应提高粮食生产效率,其中,技术引入效应的发挥受限于农业研发支出水平及其增速,劳动力替代效应在农业劳动力成本高的区域发挥的影响效用更佳。鉴于此,应加快农业科技创新,发展粮食生产全程机械化服务,完善农机社会化服务体系。     

Media attention and regulatory efficiency of corporate violations: Evidence from China

We examine the influence of media attention on the regulatory efficiency of corporate violations in a restrictive media environment. Using a hand-collected sample of corporate violations in China during 1998–2018, we find that fraudulent firms accompanied by more negative media attention are associated with a higher hazard rate of the violation being investigated and enforced. The effect is not diminished by the political connections of the fraudulent firms and is robust after controlling for potential confounding factors. Our findings suggest that by influencing regulatory efficiency, the media serve as an effective governance mechanism even in markets with strict media control.     

数字化转型视角下数字金融对企业投资效率的影响效应分析

以2011—2021年沪深A股和中小板上市公司为样本,分析数字金融对企业投资效率的影响效应。研究结果表明：数字金融能够缓解企业的投资不足,但会加剧企业的投资过度,与A股上市公司相比,数字金融对中小板上市公司的影响程度更大;数字金融影响投资效率的内在机制为缓解企业融资约束,主要表现为提高企业的信贷可得性;数字金融对投资效率的影响主要体现在制造业、软件和信息技术服务业、生产和生活性服务业,数字金融对内控有效企业投资过度的影响不显著。因此,要大力推进数字金融的发展,优化农村地区数字金融环境和强化企业内部控制建设。     

信息披露监管模式变更影响企业投资效率吗？——基于双重差分模型的实证检验

基于制度变迁理论考察信息披露监管模式由“辖区监管”变更为“分行业监管”对投资效率的影响。研究发现：分行业信息披露监管模式的实施有效抑制了上市公司非效率投资行为,且对于低质量信息披露以及高盈余管理行为的上市公司抑制效应更加明显;提高会计信息可比性,降低代理成本是其发挥抑制作用的重要路径。在排除了替代性解释和内生性问题以及通过安慰剂检验后,研究结论仍然成立。     

国家审计对地方财政支出结构的影响研究

运用国家审计理论,依据2007—2018年中国30个省份相关数据,考量国家审计对地方财政支出结构的影响机制以及财政资金使用效率和财政压力的中介效应。结果表明,国家审计对地方财政支出结构影响显著,国家审计通过提高财政资金使用效率和缓解财政压力两种机制影响地方财政支出结构;同时,财政资金使用效率与财政压力在国家审计提升地方社会性支出占比中发挥链式中介作用。鉴于此,应充分发挥国家审计治理效能,秉持研究型审计新理念,优化地方财政支出结构;开展财政资金绩效审计,提升地方财政资金使用效率。