铁路货运站适应能力分析与对策

铁路货运站是铁路货物运输的起点和终点,大力提升铁路货运站适应能力是顺利实施铁路货运改革的重要基础。文章统筹考虑全国主要货运站存在的主要问题,从运转设备能力和货运设施能力两个层面分析铁路货运站的适应性问题即货运站适应能力,提出具体的提升铁路货运站适应能力的对策及建议。     

阐述如何加强道路桥梁施工监理

通常,道路桥梁的施工难度较高,其中涵盖的内容较多,如技术管理、预算管理、成本控制等。这些因素使道路桥梁的施工变得更为困难,施工的复杂性和综合性更加突出。在桥梁的施工过程中,存在着许多风险,所以需要做好施工监理工作,从而最大限度地保障施工过程中不会出现任何故障和问题。因此,加强道路桥梁施工监理至关重要。论文从道路桥梁施工的角度,探究和分析如何做好相关的监理工作。     

乌海铁路货运发展的SWOT分析

文中探讨如何运用SWOT战略分析方法确定乌海地区铁路运输业目前面临的重要外部机会和威胁,以及内部存在的主要优势和劣势,并运用SWOT定量分析模型,对乌海铁路运输业发展做出科学评估,在此基础上明确乌海铁路货运发展战略定位,研究并提出相应的发展策略,从而充分发挥该市的自身优势。     

Gender and age distribution of motorcycle crashes in Spain

This study analysed motorcycle crashes in Spain. Ninety-nine thousand three hundred and four motorcycle crash reports filed in the years 2006–2011 were extracted from the Directorate General of Traffic database of crashes with victims. These data were analysed in terms of gender, age groups, trip purpose, type of crash, speed violation, day of the week, harm caused, use of helmet and psychophysical conditions of the driver to study the characteristics of motorcycle crashes in Spain and to assess the differences between male and female motorcycle drivers in these crashes. Significant differences were found in all the variables considered in the study, which implies gender differences in the profile of the injured motorcycle driver. The severity of motorcycle crashes suffered by male drivers is higher than that of women. These results corroborate the need to develop measures differentiated by gender, based on their profile.     

Do your neighbors affect your bicycling choice? A spatial probit model for bicycling to The Ohio State University

Neighborhood social effects have recently become a focus of interest in transportation research, whereby transportation mode choice is not only affected by an individual’s characteristics and transportation system conditions, but also by the mode choices of that individual’s social neighbors. This study supports the neighborhood social effects argument, using a spatial econometrics approach and data from The Ohio State University (OSU) 2012 Campus Transportation Survey. A spatial probit model of commuters’ mode choices (bicycling versus non-bicycling) is estimated, accounting for spatial autocorrelation. The results show that the more OSU-affiliated bicycle riders are residing around an individual OSU commuter, the more attractive bicycling becomes, controlling for other factors such as gender, status, proximity to campus, bicycle infrastructure and attitudes. The results indicate that students and males are more likely to commute by bicycles. The probability of choosing bicycles decreases with distance from campus. In addition, proximity to bicycle infrastructure and physical environment both encourage respondents to bicycle. Feeling of safety, travel cost and concern for the environment also affect bicycling choice.     

构架加工通用液压自动夹紧工装的研制与应用

针对目前构架加工工装缺乏通用性以及人工夹紧带来的夹紧力不均衡等问题,研制出适用于构架加工通用的液压自动夹紧工装,介绍了该工装的整体结构设计、工作原理和具体应用,该工装可应用于公司所有类型转向架构架的加工,同时具有装夹过程简单、夹紧力稳定等优点,具有较高的应用和推广价值。     

中南大学麓山南路周边校区交通优化策略研究

随着校园周边交通条件的复杂化,中南大学校园周边出现了如交通拥堵、事故频发、环境污染等一系列交通问题,亟待提出有针对性的交通优化策略改善交通条件。本论文在借鉴和总结国内外大学校园交通组织的基础上,以中南大学麓山南路周边校区为研究对象,提出具体的交通优化策略。     

Opportunities to reduce road traffic injury: new insights from the study of urban areas

Abstract

Over the past four decades considerable efforts have been taken to mitigate the growing burden of road injury. With increasing urbanisation along with global mobility that demands not only safe but equitable, efficient and clean (reduced carbon footprint) transport, the responses to dealing with the burgeoning road traffic injury in low- and middle-income countries has become increasingly complex. In this paper, we apply unique methods to identify important strategies that could be implemented to reduce road traffic injury in the Asia-Pacific region; a region comprising large middle-income countries (China and India) that are currently in the throes of rapid motorisation. Using a convolutional neural network approach, we clustered countries containing a total of 1632 cities from around the world into groups based on urban characteristics related to road and public transport infrastructure. We then analysed 20 countries (containing 689 cities) from the Asia-Pacific region and assessed the global burden of disease attributed to road traffic injury and these various urban characteristics. This study demonstrates the utility of employing image recognition methods to discover new insights that afford urban and transport planning opportunities to mitigate road traffic injury at a regional and global scale.     

Negotiating climate change responses: Regional and local perspectives on transport and coastal zone planning in South Sweden

Putting climate change policy-integration into practice is challenged by problems of institutional misfit, due to, inter alia, deficient vertical administrative interplay. While most focus within the field of climate change research has targeted the national–local interplay, less is known about the interface of regional and local perspectives. Here, the aim is to study that interface with a specific focus on the relation between regional and local spatial planning actors, through a case-study of transport and coastal zone management in a Swedish municipality. The article is based on interviews (focus group and single in-depth) and official planning documents. The material reveals a tricky planning situation, replete with conflict. In practice, various institutional frameworks, claims and ambitions collide. The attempts to steer the local spatial planning initiatives from the regional level led to conflicts, which in turn seems to have hampered the overall work for climate change management through spatial planning. Furthermore, there are few traces of prospects of a smooth vertical institutional interplay able to support the overall aims related to integrating climate change mitigation and adaptation in spatial planning.     

铁路个性化货运产品的设计分析与实现方案研究

随着市场经济和铁路运输业的快速发展,个性化运输需求和铁路自身的发展要求推动着产品战略的转型。本文从铁路货运产品的特征入手,讨论了个性化产品设计的基本原则,提出了一种结构体系,并结合铁路生产实践给出了实现方案。