Probabilistic assessment of fleet-level noise impacts of projected technology improvements

Demand projections for civil aviation have forecast increases in operations in future decades. Increases in demand are beneficial to the growth and advancement of the aviation industry, but also come with the threat of significant increase in environmental impacts. In response, the industry is focusing on programs to develop technologies for reductions in fuel burn, NO_x emissions, and noise. While aircraft-level impacts are an obvious metric of success, it is difficult to make informed robust technology investment decisions with respect to noise without understanding the fleet-level impacts. Fleet-level predictions of noise for technology explorations are especially complicated because it is computationally expensive, highly combinatorial, and airport-specific. Recently, rapid automated airport noise models have been developed, which can be simulated using Design of Experiments (DOE). The results of these simulations are used to generate surrogate models for airport noise contour area, which can be summed to yield a fleet-level impact. These models make use of simplifying assumptions to provide estimates of airport-level noise that are substantially cheaper to compute. They can be used to perform parametric trade-off analyses in conjunction with the equivalency assumption. Equivalency asserts that environmental impacts of a technology infused aircraft can be represented by scaled operations of the baseline aircraft in the same class. This simple assumption allows for the modeling of technology and market penetration factors under the same units: operations. This research uses surrogate models in conjunction with the equivalency assumption to examine two potential technology scenarios in a target forecast year, simulating technology and market performance factors to identify vehicle classes that could have the greatest impact in reducing contour area. Results show that technology and market performance of future notional Small Single Aisle and Large Single Aisle vehicle aircraft have the highest positive correlations with potential reductions in contour area.     

FDI spillovers in the Chinese hotel industry: The role of geographic regions,star-rating classifications,ownership types,and foreign capital origins

Although productivity spillovers have long been recognized to be a major benefit of foreign direct investment (FDI), such spillovers have not yet been systematically studied in the context of the hotel industry. This paper investigates hotel-related FDI spillover effects as well as moderating factors (geographic region, star rating classification, ownership type and foreign capital origin) in China. Evidence from province-level panel data reveals the existence and significance of intra-industry spillovers from foreign to domestic hotels in China, although the nature and magnitude vary based on different moderating factors. Domestic hotels in eastern and western China and those with alliance and limited liability ownership structures benefit significantly from productivity spillovers. Foreign-invested three-star hotels transfer a significant amount of positive productivity, whereas domestic three- and five-star hotels benefit the most from productivity spillovers. Moreover, foreign-invested hotels from Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan (HMT) and non-HMT countries generate positive spillovers of similar magnitudes.     

所有权性质、女性高管参与及企业R&D投入——来自科技型中小企业的经验证据

基于高层梯队理论，利用深圳证券交易所2008-2014年上市企业的数据，探讨了女性高管参与对企业R&D投入的影响，以及所有权性质的调节作用。研究结果显示：女性高管参与对企业R&D投入二者之间呈现出显著的负相关关系；民营企业的所有权性质将显著调节女性高管参与对R&D投入的抑制效应。     

大数据时代下电子商务平台的探索和研究——以淘宝网为例

随着网络用户的日益增长,互联网记录着大量的用户个人信息和由智能终端产生的图片和信息,这些信息爆炸性的增长,并不断涌入网络海洋,产生海量的数据信息。在电子商务环境中大数据处理将会发展出更多强大和多元的功能。本文以淘宝网为例,分析研究如何合理利用数据,为企业的经营模式做出相应调整,并且在变化中不断进行企业新技术、新方法和新思路的探索。同时指出数据泄露的隐患,并给出相应建议。     

A STRUCTURAL RISK‐NEUTRAL MODEL FOR PRICING AND HEDGING POWER DERIVATIVES

We develop a structural risk‐neutral model for energy market modifying along several directions the approach introduced in Aïd et al. In particular, a scarcity function is introduced to allow important deviations of the spot price from the marginal fuel price, producing price spikes. We focus on pricing and hedging electricity derivatives. The hedging instruments are forward contracts on fuels and electricity. The presence of production capacities and electricity demand makes such a market incomplete. We follow a local risk minimization approach to price and hedge energy derivatives. Despite the richness of information included in the spot model, we obtain closed‐form formulae for futures prices and semiexplicit formulae for spread options and European options on electricity forward contracts. An analysis of the electricity price risk premium is provided showing the contribution of demand and capacity to the futures prices. We show that when far from delivery, electricity futures behave like a basket of futures on fuels.     

高职财经类特色专业建设中专业定位的探讨

在高职财经类特色专业建设中，专业定位至关重要。通过分析目前高职财经类专业定位上存在的问题，提出了高职财经类专业定位的原则和途径。认为高职财经类特色专业适宜于“宽口径，窄定位”，关键是核心岗位要明确，并根据市场变化适时调整。     

浅析快递服务的制度改善方向及发展方案

快递服务(express service;courier service)是快速收寄、运输、投递单独封装的、有名址的快件或其他不需储存的物品,按承诺时限递送到收件人或指定地点、并获得签收的寄递服务。运输产业是高速发展的新动力产业,从实际意义角度来看,实现交通运输服务活性化,需要对交通运输服务的制度进行改善及对未来的发展做出规划方案。研究通过快递市场的实态及问题来找到快递服务业制度改善方向及发展方案。以管理学的角度进行实证性的研究。     

The usefulness of performance reporting in local government: comparing Italy and Spain

This article presents a comparative analysis of the perceived usefulness of performance information by managers in local authorities in Italy and Spain. Italy and Spain have similar cultural and administrative characteristics and in both countries there are external requirements (from central government) to adopt performance indicators. The adoption of performance indicators was found to be almost symbolic in both states.     

Relationship between positive psychological capital and creative performance

Despite considerable attention to the creative process and its relationship with personal characteristics, there is no published study focused directly on the relationship between the recently recognized core construct of psychological capital (PsyCap) and creative performance. Drawing from a large (N = 899) and heterogeneous sample of working adults, this study investigates PsyCap and its components (i.e., efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience) as predictors of creative performance. Overall PsyCap predicted creative performance over and above each of the four PsyCap components. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are considered. Copyright © 2010 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.