西门子840D和S7-300 PLC在高速立式加工中心机床中的应用

本文介绍了西门子840D数控系统和S7-300 PLC在企业自主研发的高速立式加工中心机床中的应用,包括电气系统的硬件配置、与数控系统关联的PLC程序设计思路.     

Non-discriminatory donation relief and strategic commitment under political competition

Tax relief for private donations towards the provision of collective goods can protect minorities from majority-driven outcomes in which tax revenues are exclusively used to finance the provision of public goods that are only valued by the majority. In this paper we show that non-discriminatory tax relief for private donations can arise in political equilibrium as a strategic commitment device aimed at creating and supporting political alliances that would not otherwise be able to coalesce.     

Bargaining under a deadline: evidence from the reverse ultimatum game

We study a “reverse” ultimatum game, in which proposers have multiple chances to offer responders a division of some fixed pie. The game ends if the responder accepts an offer, or if, following a rejection, the proposer decides not to make a better offer. The unique subgame perfect equilibrium gives the proposer the minimum possible payoff. Nevertheless, the experimental results are not too different from those of the standard ultimatum game, although proposers generally receive slightly less than half of the surplus.We use the reverse ultimatum game to study deadlines experimentally. With a deadline, the subgame perfect equilibrium prediction is that the proposer gets the entire surplus.Deadlines are used strategically to influence the outcome, and agreements are reached near the deadline. Strategic considerations are evident in the differences in observed behavior between the deadline and no deadline conditions, even though agreements are substantially less extreme than predicted by perfect equilibrium.     

Bargaining in committees as an extension of Nash's bargaining theory

This paper addresses the following issue: if a set of agents bargain on a set of feasible alternatives ‘in the shadow’ of a voting rule, that is, any agreement can be enforced if a ‘winning coalition’ supports it, what general agreements are likely to arise? In other words: what influence can the voting rule used to settle (possibly nonunanimous) agreements have on the outcome of consensus? We model the situation as an extension of the Nash bargaining problem in which an arbitrary voting rule replaces unanimity. In this setting a natural extension of Nash's solution is characterized.     

证券电子商务营销策略探讨

首先介绍了证券电子商务的内容与特点,进而阐述了证券电子商务进行营销的必然性,最后给出了进行证券电子商务营销的7Ps策略。     

Significant Issues for the Future of Product Innovation

What's happening in the world of product innovation? What are the tough issues that managers are facing? And what's going to happen in the remaining years of this decade? In this article, several members of the Editorial Board of The Journal of Product Innovation Management offer their ideas about where the important problems lie. This is the fodder for a good round table discussion and through the medium of this journal we'll engage in such a discussion in this and a subsequent issue.     

Hedging and flexing : Two ways of choosing under ignorance

Two strategies for making decisions under severe uncertainty—called here ignorance—are contrasted. A popular strategy under such conditions is to forego the best outcome in order to avoid the worst which might happen; this is hedging, and is shown to lead to a number of problems: once made, a hedge can rarely be revised if the worst does not occur; hedging often brings about the worst outcome which is being hedged against; the worst outcome is often undefined; and hedging can lead to a vicious circle, disregarding the benefits which an option might bring. Each problem is illustrated by a decision about technological change, which typically are decisions under ignorance. Flexing has none of these problems. Flexing aims at achieving the very best outcome. This too risks achieving the worst outcome, but the strategy insures against this. The decision maker should ensure that if the worst outcome arises, the original decision can be reserved quickly and without great cost. Ways in which this can be done are discussed through the examples.     

Energy analysis of Japanese industries : A time series analysis

Characteristics of Japanese industries in the past 15 years have been investigated in terms of energy intensities, or energy directly and indirectly spent for production of a unit output in industries. The methodology of the analysis is similar to that by Herendern, that is an extension of input-output approach, but with various modifications. Data are seven input-output tables, of about 400 x 400 items published by the Japanese government. Changes in energy intensities with time are disaggregated into two factors, 1) changes in direct energy intensities and 2) changes in nonenergy resource use or in the ratios of value added taxes. Observation of these factors in the last 15 years reveals that the latter factor has been highly significant in energy conservation, especially in machine industries, the raw materials of which are mainly iron and steel. It is also observed that conventional energy conservation efforts have scarcely been dependent on nonenergy resource conservation.     

基于ARM7的简易型超市收银系统设计与实现

本文给出了一种基于ARM7的简易型超市收银系统的设计与实现.系统功能完善,具有选设商品价目表(PLU),销售日志保存、记录和打印、中英文字符和数字输入等功能,能替代基于计算机的超市收银系统,成为乡村超市财务经营管理的良好选择.     

基于μC/OSⅡ的数据采集系统的设计

本文介绍了一种数据采集系统的设计,该系统利用ARM7作为控制核心,并且将嵌入式操作系统μC/OSⅡ植入,进行系统软件设计。