黔桂铁路扩能改造项目某标段中的施工试验管理

试验管理是工程质量管理中非常重要的环节，而试验室是企业自检的一个重要部门。在对一项工程进行检查验收时，应通过科学的检测与试验手段，业主及监理以科学数据作为依据对工程作出评价。在施工过程中．施工方应根据试验数据，对工程施工过程中的每道工序及原材料的性能、各种混合料的配合比、产成品的强度等级进行全面控制，以确保工程质量。文章以黔桂铁路扩能改造某标段为例，进行详细阐述.     

Community acceptance of biodiversity offsets: evidence from a choice experiment

This study of the community's acceptance of biodiversity offsets in Australia provides insights relevant to future revisions of offset policies of both State and Commonwealth Governments. A choice experiment was used to measure preferences for the general acceptability of offsetting, and for a number of attributes that define how an offset can be implemented. Based on a sample of 204 respondents from Perth, WA, we found that the majority of respondents did not object to the practice of biodiversity offsetting in general. A minority of respondents preferred that offset actions be direct, but most accepted a combination of direct and indirect actions. Individuals generally preferred that the offset be located near the site of impact, and it became more unacceptable the further away that it was located. However, there was heterogeneity in preferences for protecting the impacted species or a more endangered one.     

浅析高校开放实验教学的现状及意义——基于杭州下沙高教园区的研究

本文以高校开放实验教学为研究对象,对杭州下沙高教园区多所高校的实验教学现状进行调查和分析,探讨当前高校培养大学生在实践教学环节存在的问题与不足,进而提出解决问题的方法和措施,凸显高校开放实验教学在我国高等教育中的作用和意义。     

Collective Trust Behavior*

This paper investigates trust behavior in situations where decision‐makers are large groups and the decision mechanism is collective. Theories from behavioral economics and psychology suggest that trust in such situations may differ from interindividual trust. The experimental results here reveal a large difference in trust but not in trustworthiness between the individual and collective setting. Furthermore, a field experiment captures the determinants of collective trust behavior among two Swedish cohorts. Beliefs about the other group and one's own group are strongly associated with collective trustworthiness and trust behavior.     

Priority queues: Where social justice and equity collide

Multilevel queues have become a common feature in service sector contexts, examples include ‘guest lists’ at night clubs and ‘priority boarding’ in air travel. This paper explores multilevel queueing systems within the context of theme parks, specifically their effects on consumers. Previous studies have focussed on single line systems and multilevel queues remain under-researched. By applying social justice and equity theory, the paper uses a mixed methods approach with site visits to theme parks followed up by two factorial experiments. The analytical contribution of the paper is its application of theoretically underpinned queueing research. The empirical gap addressed is multilevel queueing systems. The overall contribution of the paper offers new theory identifying tensions that exist between consumers in different queueing levels. If social justice is achieved for one group then it will create inequity for another; if equity is achieved then it will create injustice.     

Risk attitude in lotteries offering real products and monetary outcomes

Using two auction mechanisms, the second price auction and the Becker, DeGroot, and Marschak mechanism, we examined individuals’ buying and selling bidding patterns in three types of binary lotteries: a lottery offering only real products, a lottery offering only monetary outcomes and mixed lotteries offering both real products and monetary value outcomes. Participants’ willingness to pay and willingness to accept for the product lottery suggest risk neutrality. In contrast, participants’ bidding prices for the monetary and mixed lotteries suggest risk aversion. These findings suggest that an individual's risk attitude depends upon the type of lottery, perhaps indicating a “product illusion.”     

Types of technology

Technology is a concept rife with confusion. Here, I argue that technologies can be distinguished as a combination of type of producer and an idealized artefact life history. Using this definition, a number of technologies are identified. The first technology historically, in the Protostomes, was the production of individual or family dwellings. Next came objects such as spider webs for trapping prey. Stigmergy followed, with the social insects, as a collective endeavour to construct a mega-structure using simple rules of accretion. Some birds and primates began to make tools, or simple technological objects whose function is closely related to their form. Humans are distinguished by their ability to make machines. Traditional technology took place once people voluntarily organised into groups with specialised knowledge to produce more complex objects and structures. Monumental objects like ceremonial pyramids came with the command economies of the early agrarian societies, which also resulted in a new category of artefact, the network. Finally, with modern civilizations came ad hoc accretion, or population-level adding-on, to make truly complex technological systems. Developing a theoretical framework within which artefacts, production processes and ways of interacting with them are identified should help the study of technology to become more scientific.     

基于人机交互设计的实验课程在线预约平台设计

本文阐述了基于ASP的实验课程在线预约平台的研究背景、意义和现状,通过对高校实行学分制的情况分析,明确了选课系统的设计目的,进行了可行性分析;并对整个选课系统的开发过程进行了详细的论述。本文首先进行了系统各类用户角色的需求分析,分别讨论了三类使用人员——学生、教师和教务管理人员对系统的具体要求,然后给出了在线预约课程的技术实现方式及数据流。最后,通过所构建的实验课程在线预约平台中的两大模块进行验证介绍。实验证明,该平台可以大大提高实验课程的选课效率。     

Managing Some Motorised Recreational Boating Challenges in South African Estuaries: A Case Study at the Kromme River Estuary

Estuaries in South Africa face negative crowding effects with respect to motorised boat use because of competing demand. This paper proposes this be managed through user charges and that the setting of these charges be informed by applying a choice experiment to estimate user preferences for reduced motorised boat congestion on the Kromme River Estuary, Eastern Cape. The application of this method led the paper to deduce that users are willing to pay an additional supplementary charge of R548 per annum during peak periods (only) in order to experience a decrease in negative crowding effects.     

Monetary policy transmission in a model with animal spirits and house price booms and busts

Can monetary policy trigger pronounced boom-bust cycles in house prices and create persistent business cycles? We address this question by building heuristics into an otherwise standard DSGE model. As a result, monetary policy sets off waves of optimism and pessimism (“animal spirits”) that drive house prices, that, in turn, have strong repercussions on the business cycle. We compare our findings to a standard model with rational expectations by means of impulse responses. We suggest that a standard Taylor rule is not well-suited to maintain macroeconomic stability. Instead, an augmented rule that incorporates house prices is shown to be superior.