The effects of new firm formation on regional development over time: The case of Great Britain

This paper re-examines the link between new firm formation and subsequent employment growth. It investigates whether it is possible to have the wrong type of entrepreneurship—defined as new firm formation which leads to zero or even negative subsequent employment growth. It uses a very similar approach to that of Fritsch and Mueller (Regional Studies, 38(8), 961–976, 2004), confirming their findings that the employment impact of new firm formation is in three discrete phases. Then, using data for Great Britain, the paper shows the employment impact of new firm formation is significantly positive in the high-enterprise counties of Great Britain. However, for the low-enterprise counties, it shows that new firm formation has a negative effect on employment. Of the 15 low-enterprise regions, eight are Scottish (of nine Scottish regions in our data base) and three are North East Counties (of four). Our findings imply that having the “wrong type of entrepreneurship” is indeed possible.

我国农民合作经济组织生成机理探析

发展农民合作经济组织是解决我国三农问题的一条有效途径,对农民合作经济组织生成机理的深入分析和准确把握是推进我国农民合作经济组织进一步发展的关键。从我国整个农村社会系统出发,对我国农民合作经济组织生成的基本动因以及农民组建合作经济组织的潜在收益和合作成本进行深入剖析,力图把握我国农民合作经济组织生成的内部机理。     

The effect of new business formation on regional development over time: the case of Germany

We investigate the effects of new business formation on employment change in German regions. A special focus is on the lag-structure of this effect and on differences between regions. The different phases of the effects of new business formation on regional development are relatively pronounced in agglomerations as well as in regions with a high-level of labor productivity. In low-productivity regions, the overall employment effect of new business formation activity might be negative. The interregional differences indicate that regional factors play an important role.

非正式组织的形成动因及管理策略研究

本文通过非正式组织的产生和基本内涵,分析其形成动因和主要特点,并从正反两个方面介绍了非正式组织的功能。通过协调,可以像正式组织文化和非正式这两种冲突化解,从而达到平衡状态,两者平衡发展,进而提出了非正式的管理采取的策略,为非正式组织的管理方式提供了理论依据和实践方法。     

顾客体验的形成机理与体验营销

本文在全面分析顾客体验本质内涵的基础上,通过构建顾客体验的形成机理模型,深入考察了顾客体验的形成机理,并据此进一步提出了体验营销的实施策略,以更好地指导企业的经营实践。     

深圳创新文化系统初探——从历史性形成角度的一个考察

创新文化是指促使可支配资源和力量得以进行重新组合的理想、价值观和信念。深圳创新文化系统由"冒险、宽容、开放、实干、学习、创新、自强、自主"八个部分构成,是历时演进的共时体现,原因在于深圳的可支配资源和力量的组合在不同的历史发展阶段中需要解决的问题不同,导致了替代性演变中的连续性继承。     

Sponsorship effects on brand image: The role of exposure and activity involvement

Sponsorships capture a significant proportion of marketing budgets. In firm evaluations of the effectiveness of sponsorship engagements, image improvements represent the most important company objective. This study develops and tests a framework for explaining how exposure and activity involvement moderate the effects of event image, event–sponsor fit, and event commercialization on sponsor image. Using empirical data collected at a large sporting event with multiple sponsors, the authors show that increased sponsorship exposure reduces sponsor image if respondents perceive a low fit between the event and sponsor or high levels of event commercialization. Involvement in the sponsored activity improves the sponsor's image, in that the effect of event commercialization is positive for highly involved persons. This paper concludes with some reasons for the findings, implications for the choice and design of sponsorships, and further areas for research.     

作战飞机网络化综合态势感知

从态势、态势感知的定义出发,明确了态势感知与信息融合之间的关系。在此基础上,结合基于编队协同作战的飞行员目标模型,提出作战飞机网络化综合态势感知的概念。详细分析了作战飞机网络化综合态势感知涉及的传感器资源管理、传感器协同、基础设施建设等关键技术,并针对关键技术提出了发展作战飞机网络化综合态势感知的思考与建议,对协同作战系统架构设计、方案选择具有重要意义。     

旅游审美疲劳:表现特征、形成机理与缓解措施

伴随旅游的大众化和日常化发展,不少旅游产品越来越难以满足旅游者不断升级的审美需求,旅游审美疲劳现象日益显露。旅游审美疲劳主要表现为旅游者对旅游活动兴趣减弱以及出现心理排斥等负向情感表达,对游客体验与旅游业的可持续发展造成消极影响。文章首先对国内外相关文献进行梳理,明晰国内外研究现状,并以此为基础解析旅游审美疲劳的概念内涵。其次,概括出旅游审美疲劳具有情绪主导性、群体差异性、身心综合性、动态变化性、情境感染性、条件累积性等6大表现特征,结合旅游审美疲劳的形成机理提出了旅游审美疲劳的缓解对策。最后,明确未来旅游审美疲劳的研究方向,并提出从生活视角转向生命视角构建旅游审美体验的新思路。     

基于扩展计划行为理论的乡村旅游经营者从众行为研究——西安市上王村实证

乡村旅游是实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的重要路径选择。乡村旅游经营者的从众行为能够促进旅游地的规范化与规模化发展,但一味地盲从也必然会给旅游地造成不可挽回的损失,理性对待乡村旅游经营者的从众行为对旅游地的可持续发展意义深远。本文基于扩展的计划行为理论基本框架,引入精英影响感知和模糊情境感知两个变量,对乡村旅游经营者从众行为意向的影响因素进行实证研究,并构建乡村旅游经营者从众行为形成机制的理论模型。研究发现,行为态度、指令性规范、知觉行为控制、精英影响感知和模糊情境感知与从众行为意向呈显著正相关关系。另外,乡村旅游经营者的受教育水平对从众行为意向存在显著影响,且呈现受教育水平越高从众行为意向越低的趋势。为了进一步发展乡村旅游,助推乡村振兴,建议提升乡村旅游经营者的经营能力;发挥乡村旅游精英的信息传递与示范带动作用;落实政府的引导与监管职能;防范政府决策层的盲从行为。