Canada-Chile Free Trade Agreement: An Analysis

ABSTRACT

The Canada-Chile Free Trade Agreement (FTA) came into effect in June 1997. This paper examines the rationale for free trade negotiations between Canada and Chile. Key trade and investment issues in the Canada-Chile FTA are also discussed. Although it is only a few years since the Canada-Chile FTA entered into force, the preliminary results indicate impressive growth in trade and investment between the two countries.

RESUMEN. El Acuerdo de Libre Comercio Canadá-Chile (ALC) entró en vigor en junio 1997. Este documento examina el razonamiento que respalda las negociaciones entre Canadá y Chile sobre el Acuerdo de libre comercio. También abraca los temas más importantes sobre el comercio e inversiones entre Canadá-Chile. A pesar del poco tiempo transcurrido desde que se implantó el acuerdo de ALC entre Canadá y Chile, los resultados preliminarios indican una impresionante tasa de crecimiento entre las inversiones realizadas entre ambos países.

RESUMO. O Acordo de Livre Comércio (ALC) Canadá-Chile entrou em vigor em junho de 1997. Este estudo investiga os fundamentos das livres negociaç[otilde]es comerciais entre o Canadá e o Chile. São abordados, também, o comércio principal e os investimentos realizados no ALC Canadá-Chile. Apesar de estar em vigor há poucos anos, os resultados preliminares deste acordo indicam um crescimento impressionante no comércio e nos investimentos entre os dois países.     

Due Process and Standard-setting: An Analysis of Due Process in Three Canadian Accounting and Auditing Standard-setting Bodies

Due process is the means by which ethical constraints are placed on administrative decision-making. I have developed a model of variation in due process and use this model to explore the implementation of “due process” norms by three standard-setting bodies that are created, funded, and overseen by the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants – the Accounting Standards Board, the Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, and the Public Sector Accounting Standards Board. I conducted two analyses: a comparative analysis of the implementation of due process norms based on differences among the three cases; and, a critique of the due process norms followed by these boards based on their internal logic and a set of best practices identified in other contexts for due process by standard setters. I have presented evidence that due process norms are more fully developed, where standards are enforced by the state and the heterogeneity of users is greatest.     

What Do Employers Want？ Views of Chinese and Canadian Job Seekers

I. Introduction Countries differ significantly in culture, and cultural differences affect businesses operation (Hofstede, 1980). East–West cultural differences can lead to confusion and misunderstanding. In order to obtain a better understanding of these issues, many studies have been conducted in the past two decades. In general, Chinese have been found to be more oriented towards collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, and power distance than Canadians (Hofstede, 1980, 2001; Ralston et al,…     

Self-Efficacy as an Intrapersonal Predictor for Internal Whistleblowing: A US and Canada Examination

Examining intrapersonal factors theorized to influence ethics reporting decisions, the relation of self-efficacy as a predictor of propensity for internal whistleblowing is investigated within a US and Canadian multi-regional context. Over 900 professionals from a total of nine regions in Canada and the US participated. Self-efficacy was found to influence participant reported propensity for internal whistleblowing consistently in both the US and Canada. Seasoned participants with greater management and work experience demonstrated higher levels of self-efficacy while gender was also found to be influential to self-efficacy. These individual traits, although related to self-efficacy, did not directly relate to propensities for internal whistleblowing. The findings demonstrate that self-efficacy could represent an important individual trait for examining whistleblowing issues. Internal whistleblowing is becoming an important organizational consideration in many areas of North America, yet there is relatively little research on the topic. Organizations seeking effective internal reporting systems should consider the influence of self-efficacy along with its potential reporting influence. By empirically testing an under-examined component of theory related to internal whistleblowing, this effort contributes to management literature, extending the knowledge beyond a US context, and provides recommendation for managing individual bias with internal reporting systems. Brent R. MacNab is a faculty member in the discipline of International Business with the University of Sydney. Brent’s research interests focus on examination of cross-cultural and intra-cultural phenomena as related to management and human interaction issues like cultural intelligence, ethics management and workplace motivation. He has received two Fulbright Awards (Canada, 2002 and NAFTA focus 2003) for examination of his research in Canada, the U.S. and Mexico. In addition to faculty duties Brent also acts as a consultant to organizations examining issues related to cultural training and ethics management. Reginald Worthley is a faculty member with the University of Hawai'i at Manoa where he teaches coursework in applied quantitative analysis. He specializes in survey research on various cross-cultural issues. Recent studies include a web survey quantifying motivational drivers in the Japanese workplace, a comparative longitudinal study of managerial values in six countries and a NAFTA study of cultural identity as related to defined areas of ethics management.     

Urban containment strategies: A case-study appraisal of plans and policies in Japanese, British, and Canadian cities

This paper presents a comparative assessment of the nature and impact of urban containment policies in three countries, through examination of strategic plans for six case-study cities. Recent development patterns and current planning policies are mapped and assessed, and compared to a conceptual model of strategic options for urban containment. Emphasis is on rationales for containment, locational attributes of areas where development is encouraged or curtailed, the overall supply of developable land, and policies relating to development densities.The case studies demonstrate more stringent control on the location, timing, and density of development in Britain and Japan, with shorter time horizons and tighter development boundaries than in Canada. The Canadian cities, however, are moving towards higher densities, to enable transit-oriented development.     

The spirit of capitalism? Ethnicity, religion, and self-employment in early 20th century Canada

This paper examines self-employment in Canada at the beginning of the 20th century. Self-employment 100 years ago was associated with greater human capital and negatively related to earnings in employee occupations in the local district. We also find strong evidence of immigrant assimilation in self-employment and modest evidence of higher self-employment in enclaves with greater concentration of immigrants. An analysis of recent immigrants supports the hypothesis that liquidity constraints were an important determinant of self-employment. Christian affiliation had little impact on self-employment outcomes.     

The bilateral J‐curve: Canada versus her 20 trading partners

There is a common belief that currency depreciation worsens the trade balance in the short run and improves it in the long run resulting in the so called J‐curve phenomenon. Early studies employed aggregate data and provided mixed results. Recent studies, however, have employed disaggregated data to remove any aggregation bias from their analysis. In this article we consider the Canadian experience and test the phenomenon between Canada and her 20 major trading partners. Using quarterly data and the bounds testing approach to cointegration, and error‐correction modelling we were able to provide support for the J‐curve in 11 out of 20 cases.     

加拿大矿山安全健康管理及其标准体系

文章概述了加拿大矿山安全健康管理机构的设置情况，分析了加拿大矿山安全健康标准体系的构成及作用机制，揭示了加拿大矿山安全健康标准体系的特征。     

Organize around end-use markets

Companies can gain by changing their organization structure toward a market centered one clustered around market groups. An analysis is made of the gains and certain trade-offs that occur. The recommended new organization structure is illustrated. A number of questions and areas that deserve in-depth concern are pinpointed.     

Determinants of callable convertible bond prices

A new model is proposed in this paper that efficiently estimates the after-market prices of callable convertible bonds. The proposed model is shown to be fairly stable over time and across firm size. The paper also shows that, among other factors, call price and bankruptcy indicators are significant determinants of callable convertible bond prices, suggesting that a priori specification regarding the exercise of call option and the ignorance of firm's possible bankruptcy, as done in past studies, are inappropriate for convertible bond price estimation.