公有制和其它经济成份并存的效应分析

本文以我国公有制和其它经济成份并存这一重要经济现象为研究对象,从“并存”的一系列纷繁复杂的后果当中提炼出了最突出的问题,并给以多视角的分析,最后给出了“并存”优化的对策建议。     

医学学生临床技能培训的探讨

探讨强化临床医学专业学生实践技能方法，提高医学生临床应用能力和技能操作水平，提高医院带教老师和病人对学生的满意度。选择2003级临床医学专业43名学生为研究对象，设计实习前强化训练内容和方法，逐项进行训练，随机抽样测试并对比强化训练前后学生技能成绩。通过实习前强化训练，学生体格检查技能成绩、病历书写及医嘱等合格率与强化训练前相比有显著的差异性（P〈0．01）。对医学生开展实习前强化训练，是提高医学生临床应用能力及实践技能水平的有效方法，具有一定的实用价值。     

A graduates ’ satisfaction index for the evaluation of the university overall quality

In the higher educational setting, students provide a relevant contribution to the quality of educational services. In such a context, the measurement of the perceived quality and related satisfaction for the university experience are of primary interest to evaluate the efficiency and efficacy of the learning processes. In this contribution, we aim at assessing the overall quality of the graduates’ university experience in terms of internal and external efficacy by applying the ECSI (European Customer Satisfaction Index) methodology, based on structural equation models and primarily developed in the context of customer satisfaction. For this aim, we propose a modified ECSI model tailored for the higher educational setting, explicitly taking into account the differences among groups of degree program. The study is carried out on data collected by the AlmaLaurea surveys at the University of Florence (Italy) in the period 2014–2017 and concerns a sample of more than 2,000 graduates. We find out eight latent variables that contribute to define the overall quality of university experience. These variables are differently affected by the type of degree program, with the highest levels of external efficacy observed for degree programs belonging to the educational, health, and engineering groups. It also turns out that interventions on the internal efficacy (i.e., quality of hardware and quality of humanware) have a direct positive effect on the university (i.e., loyalty) and an indirect positive effect on the society (i.e., external efficacy).     

中医体质辨识结合六味地黄汤治疗老年性阴道炎患者的临床效果

目的探讨中医体质辨识结合六味地黄汤治疗老年性阴道炎患者的临床效果。方法选取2017年6月至2018年6月沈阳市大众医院收治的老年性阴道炎患者104例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组52例。对照组采用常规治疗方法,观察组在常规治疗基础上采取中医体质辨识结合六味地黄汤的治疗方法。比较两组的治疗效果,以及治疗前后症状体征改善情况、阴道健康状况。结果观察组治疗有效率为96.15%,高于对照组的73.08%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗前症状体征积分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组带下量(0.93±0.19)分、白带异味(0.65±0.24)分、阴道灼热(0.63±0.20)分、外阴瘙痒(0.71±0.25)分,低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗前阴道健康积分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组阴道黏膜(1.01±0.38)分、阴道湿润(0.95±0.33)分、阴道弹力(1.32±0.34)分、阴道pH值(0.67±0.36)分、阴道清洁度(0.54±0.25)分,低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在老年性阴道炎的治疗中,采取中医体质辨识结合六味地黄汤的治疗方法,能够提高治疗有效率,改善症状体征及阴道健康,临床效果显著。     

阿仑磷酸钠片联合唑来膦酸注射液治疗骨质疏松症患者的药物经济学评价

目的探讨阿仑磷酸钠片联合唑来膦酸注射液治疗骨质疏松症的成本-效果。方法选取2016年12月至2018年2月于阜新市中医医院骨伤科治疗的138例骨质疏松症患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组69例。对照组给予阿仑磷酸钠片治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上采用唑来膦酸注射液治疗,比较两组患者治疗效果,并进行成本-效果分析。结果观察组治疗有效率为97.10%,显著高于对照组的75.36%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,与对照组比较,观察组患者腰椎骨、股骨颈和Ward’s三角区骨密度水平显著提高(P<0.05),血清Ca2+、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、降钙素(HCT)水平显著提高(P<0.05),成本-效果比提高(P<0.05),不良反应发生率降低(P<0.05)。结论阿仑磷酸钠片联合唑来膦酸注射液治疗可明显提高骨质疏松症患者疗效,调节骨密度,有助于骨代谢指标恢复,但其成本也较高。     

Burnout among university accounting educators in Australia and New Zealand: determinants and implications

Increased teaching workloads combined with pressures to publish in limited outlets has intensified the burnout potential among accounting educators in Australia and New Zealand. However, amongst the few studies on tertiary accounting education, the focus has so far been only on burnout arising from student contact intensity. We broaden this literature by examining how other worklife characteristics contribute to burnout. Based on 158 responses from Australian and New Zealand accounting academics, we find evidence for emotional exhaustion due to high workload. However, professional efficacy continues to remain high. Qualitative responses offer deeper insights on how various burnout factors are interrelated.     

How group efficacy mediates the relationship between group affect and identification

This study examines the mediating role of group efficacy on the relationship between group affect and group identification by integrating the collective cognition process. Using a sample of forty-seven work groups in Study 1, the results show that group efficacy fully mediates the relationship between positive and negative group affect and group identification. Study 2 applies a two-wave panel design to verify the impact of group efficacy on group identification. The results of Study 2 indicate that group efficacy relates positively to the development of group identification. The implications for theory and practice are discussed.     

The relationship between high performance work systems and employee proactive behaviour: role breadth self‐efficacy and flexible role orientation as mediating mechanisms

Drawing on the contextual perspective, this study provides novel empirical evidence on how the organisational context (specifically, the firm's human resource strategy) has an effect on employee proactivity. We use matched data from managers and employees in 102 Spanish professional service firms to examine how high performance work systems contribute to enhance employee proactive behaviours through two motivational variables: role breadth self‐efficacy and flexible role orientation. Results of a multilevel study demonstrate that role breadth self‐efficacy mediates between HPWS and employee proactivity, but flexible role orientation does not mediate this relationship.     

保乳手术治疗早期老年乳腺癌的临床价值

目的探讨保乳手术治疗早期老年乳腺癌的临床价值。方法将我院近期收治的早期老年乳腺癌患者150例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,各75例,治疗组患者进行保乳手术,对照组患者进行传统手术,对比分析两组患者经过手术后临床疗效,以及生活质量等。结果治疗组患者的手术中出血量、拔引流管时间、总的引流量及术后并发症显著优于对照组患者(P<0.05),同时治疗组患者经手术治疗后其生活质量高于对照组患者(P<0.05)。结论相比于传统的手术保乳手术具有手术后恢复时间短、并发症少及患者生活质量高等方面的优势,在临床治疗上可以进行大力推广。     

Process innovation capability and subsequent collaborative team performance in travel planning: a knowledge exchange platform perspective

Purpose: Backpacker tourism is flourishing in this century as the high development of Internet technology which enables travellers to search for resources they need easier. The research goal of this study was to exam how virtual skill and collective efficacy affect process innovation capability and subsequent team performance of collaborative design team in a virtual community. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, we formulated the virtual team model from the perspectives of open innovation paradigm and virtual competence, and we collected virtual community participation samples from the online communities. Invitation emails were delivered to numerous trip plan initiators in two well-known online travel communities for filling survey questionnaires for this study. In total, 3000 invitation messages were mailed, of which 373 were returned completed. The model and hypotheses were tested by structural equation modelling. Findings: Virtual competence, including collective efficacy and virtual media skill, is the essential key to facilitate process innovation capability and subsequent team performance success. Besides, knowledge sharing significantly moderates the relationship between process innovation capability and the team performance. Originality/value: Backpackers in the online travel communities have to have not only the willingness to collaborate, but also the abilities of using the correct tool to help with their tasks. When a self-efficacy gets into collective efficacy, it enables the collaborative team to develop with good virtual competencies. Accordingly, trip plan initiator and participants of a virtual team are as expertise contributors between conformity in online communities and online compulsive control tendencies.