环境产权问题的博弈分析

环境产权是最广泛意义的公有产权,在环境产权的行使中,各行为主体的个体经济目标和环境目标常常存在极大的差异,运用博弈理论阐述环境产权行使中的纳什均衡,旨在说明环境资源保护的社会意义。     

Drama theory and its relation to game theory. Part 2: Formal model of the resolution process

In a drama, characters' preferences and options change under the pressure of pre-play negotiations. Thus they undergo change and development. A formal model of dramatic transformation is presented that shows how the core of a drama is transformed by the interaction among the characters into a strict, strong equilibrium to which they all aspire. The process is seen to be driven by actors' reactions to various paradoxes of rationality.     

Drama theory and its relation to game theory. Part 1: Dramatic resolution vs. Rational solution

Drama theory differs from game theory in that it does not regard actors' preferences and perceived opportunities as fixed, but as capable of being changed by the actors themselves under the pressure of pre-play negotiations. Thus characters in a drama undergo change and development. A manyperson, multiphase theory of dramatic transformation is presented, showing how thecore of a drama (in the sense of game theory) is transformed by the interaction between the characters into a strict, strong equilibrium to which they all aspire. The process of dramatic transformation is shown to be driven by actors' reactions to various paradoxes of rationality; it is proved that when all these paradoxes have been overcome, a full dramatic resolution has been reached, satisfying actors' emotional and moral demands, as well as the demands of rationality.     

Asymmetric Information,Asset Allocation,and Debt Financing

We analyze a signaling game where firms' financing announcements convey private information about their prospects but a moral hazard problem exists in that managers may suboptimally invest. Consequently, the attempt to address an asymmetric information problem exacerbates moral hazard. The equilibrium recognizes both imperfect information problems. Additionally, the firm must determine how to allocate funds between two technologies differing in cash flow timing and managerial accessibility. We define an above-average firm's comparative advantage as that technology which is most dominant relative to a firm with lesser prospects and show that the resultant equilibria follow the lines of the firm's comparative advantage. Finally, we show that separation may be achieved costlessly, i.e., with no explicit signaling cost.     

电力市场中发电商市场力的博弈分析

电力市场中市场力的存在不利于电力市场的健康发展,本文从市场力的定义出发,对影响市场力的因素进行了分析,并介绍了博弈论在竞价上网决策和降低市场力方面的应用.     

中央银行再贷款：泛化、反稳定性与道德风险

中央银行再贷款是中国人民银行投放基础货币的重要渠道,是我国特有的一种货币政策工具。基于对新形势下中央银行再贷款制度变迁的分析,现行再贷款政策存在泛化、准财政化、反稳定性、衍生道德风险等问题,必须从制度上规范再贷款的运用,并适时建立金融稳定机制。     

美国银行关联交易监管演变考及借鉴

美国对银行业对外关联关系监管经历从“状态限制”到“行为限制”的发展过程,其理论基础是基于对银行独立市场判断能力的维护。我国应借鉴美国经验,加强对银行业关联交易的立法和外部监管,强化商业银行的内部控制;在监管中要兼顾效率和公平,加大对非公允关联交易的处罚力度,并赋予监管者一定的自由裁量权;不断修改、完善监管制度。     

自由软件开发的模块化理论解释与启示

本文以GNU/Linux为例讨论了源代码的内部结构在自由软件开发中所起的重要作用。为此,我们考虑了源代码的模块化属性。源代码的模块化将直接影响开发者是否参与对自由软件的开发。基于模块化的自由软件开发不仅实现了劳动的分工,同时也实现了劳动价值的分割,在自由软件的开发过程中较好地解决了搭便车问题。同时,模块化理论对我国发展软件产业也有一定的借鉴作用。     

建筑业内寻租活动分析及其对策

在中国市场经济转轨时期，建筑业内寻租活动止以不同形式在不同的方面不断发生，给社会和公众带来了巨大损失，给政府的形象和威信带来负面影响，导致寻租的成因是多方面的，如何从根本上抑制打击寻租行为值得深入研究。     

再谈环境保护税设置——基于两类竞争制造企业环保技术创新策略的演化博弈

利用演化博弈模型分析处在竞争的两类制造企业(在位企业和进入企业)的环保技术创新策略问题,考量以环境保护税为主体的环保规制如何科学设置才能更好地促进制造业企业的环保创新.研究发现:创新效应和市场需求均影响企业创新策略演化的均衡结果,并在两阶段博弈分析的基础上,得出市场需求和创新效应共同作用下两类制造企业的生产策略选择方案.因此,环境保护税的改革与实施应注意掌握好时点,税率的设置应充分考虑不同行业环保创新效应和产品市场需求,进行区别化的、动态的税率设置,并加大其他税种对环境保护税的支持.