我国电信企业成本管理改进研究

随着国内外电信市场竞争的加剧,我国电信运营商要在竞争中求得发展,必须在复杂的竞争环境中准确分析各业务的赢利状况、企业价值链中各个环节的效益,最终实现比竞争对手更高的利润指标。这在很大程度上都要取决企业成本管理水平的高低,对此我国电信运营企业必须要有高度的重视,采取行之有效的措施提高成本管理水平。     

未确认融资费用的实际利率摊销法研究——资金时间价值轴上的全新思路

本文从财务管理时间价值角度阐述未确认融资费用如何合理分摊的问题,提出了与一般会计实务教材标准解法完全相反的思路,得到了相同的效果,并对两种解题思路作了详细的比较分析,并在此基础上提出有关会计计量的若干假说。     

Industry equilibrium under price distribution and cost shifts

Using a reference utility entry and exit criterion, we consider an equilibrium model of production where market price is random but endogenous with respect to industry output. General conditions are identified for industry output to increase under shifts in costs and in the distribution of demand. Comparative statics of firm level production and firm numbers are also studied. Results confirm the intuition that improvements in cost and demand conditions increase industry production. However, firm level responses are not as intuitive, and depend upon the relationship between the source of disturbance and the compensation through the altered distribution of output price.     

茶叶交易中的信息问题及其市场纠正——着重于农残问题分析

茶叶交易中一些质量信息不对称是市场低绩效竞争中的主要根源之一。导致茶叶高农残的生产行为之所以存在，是因为残质量信息不易识别和农残责任的可转嫁性；高农残是茶叶市场失灵一种表现，解决的基本方式是政府干预或优化市场竞争结构，目前生产组织结构特点决定了政策监管低效性，因此通过茶业组织制度创新，建立一个将农残外部性成本内部化的市场机制，则能有效地消除茶叶农残问题。     

银行监督、企业社会性成本与贷款融资体系

本文从政府机构控股国有企业所造成的企业行为扭曲的角度来研究银行贷款策略组合的微观机制,即银行对国有企业和私营企业进行事前筛选的程度及贷款利率设定,并建立了关于银行贷款融资体系的微观模型和理论框架。首先,将企业社会性成本和银行监督功能(事前筛选)引入债务合同模型,说明国有企业在面临破产做清算决策时会考虑到社会破产成本,从而推导出国有企业的还款机制有别于私营企业,信息不对称条件下银行事前对贷款筛选的激励也会有所不同,并提供了一般性推导和数值解拟合分析;同时,事前筛选存在一定的反转效应,因此需要就监督效率的社会剩余价值进行权衡。     

Incentive Contracts,Market Risk,and Cost of Capital

Should incentive contracts expose the agent to market‐wide shocks? Counterintuitively, I show that market risk cannot be filtered out from the compensation and managed independently by the agent. Under plausible risk preferences, the principal should offer a contract in which performance pay increases following a favorable market shock. In the aggregate, however, the effect of market risk on individual contracts diversifies away and the agency problem does not directly affect the cost of capital. The analysis suggests caution in interpreting changes in cost of capital in terms of the stewardship role of accounting information.     

Are analysts' cash flow forecasts useful?

This study provides evidence that the cost of equity capital decreases with the number of analysts who issue both cash flow and earnings forecasts (cash analysts). The evidence also shows that cash analysts reduce information asymmetry and predict long‐term earnings more accurately than analysts who issue only earnings forecasts. Taken together, these findings suggest that cash analysts provide market participants with high‐quality information and, as a result, firms benefit from cash analyst coverage in the form of a reduced cost of equity capital.     

Cost structure and productivity growth of the Taiwanese international tourist hotels

This study investigates the cost structure and economic implications of the Taiwanese international tourist hotel industry. A multi-product translog cost function with three inputs and three outputs is estimated using seemingly unrelated regression estimation and three-stage least squares. A balanced panel dataset consisting of 47 international tourist hotels in Taiwan over the period 1997–2001 was obtained from Taiwanese Tourism Bureau and used to estimate the cost function. The results show that both scale and scope economies exist in the Taiwanese international tourist hotel industry. In addition, productivity growth is positive over the study period. Managerial and policy implications for the Taiwanese international tourist hotel industry are also discussed.     

面对反倾销调查:企业会计准备好了吗?——以美国为例的分析报告

反倾销调查赋予了企业会计新的内容和方法,本文在分析反倾销问卷调查有关会计内容的基础上,提出了企业会计在特殊时期应承担的具体任务:会计资料的重新归类、生产成本的合理计算、正常价格的适当选择、会计方法有目的进行调整等,按照会计信息决策有用的目标为反倾销调查取证提供依据。     

Internal Versus External R&D: A Study of R&D Choice with Sample Selection

This paper extends previous analyses of the choice between internal and external R&D to consider the costs of internal R&D. The Heckman two-stage estimator is used to estimate the determinants of internal R&D unit cost (i.e. cost per product innovation) allowing for sample selection effects. Theory indicates that R&D unit cost will be influenced by scale issues and by the technological opportunities faced by the firm. Transaction costs encountered in research activities are allowed for and, in addition, consideration is given to issues of market structure which influence the choice of R&D mode without affecting the unit cost of internal or external R&D. The model is tested on data from a sample of over 500 UK manufacturing plants which have engaged in product innovation. The key determinants of R&D mode are the scale of plant and R&D input, and market structure conditions. In terms of the R&D cost equation, scale factors are again important and have a non-linear relationship with R&D unit cost. Specificities in physical and human capital also affect unit cost, but have no clear impact on the choice of R&D mode. There is no evidence of technological opportunity affecting either R&D cost or the internal/external decision.