自然资源丰裕度与中国区域经济增长——对“资源诅咒”假说的质疑

本文利用中国省际截面数据,通过构建联立方程模型,对中国区域经济层面是否存在"资源诅咒"现象进行了实证研究。计量结果显示:资源依赖度受资源丰裕度和制度质量的影响显著,具有内生性;在控制各地区的制度质量、区位变量等因素的影响后,资源丰裕度与区域经济发展并无显著相关性,因此,"资源诅咒"假说在中国区域经济层面是否成立仍然值得商榷。     

Commentary on leveraging knowledge based resources: The role of contracts

The commentary first discusses the main argument of Mouzas and Ford. The commentary then addresses how contracts can be understood in business networks by relating the concept to the three main IMP models. The conclusion is that the article is an important step in linking ideas of business contracts and resource interaction in relational settings. Mouzas and Ford examine how contracts are used to leverage knowledge based resources through interaction with other idiosyncratically capable firms. In particular, they empirically investigate the use of umbrella contracts as manifestations of joint consent in manufacturer — retailer relationships as a specific form of contract for this purpose. The authors take an industrial networks perspective, making (forms of) contracts resources within a relational, interactive frame of exchange. This in itself is valuable, as contracts in an industrial networks perspective may easily be viewed as one out of many contextual parameters to transactions carried out within business relationships. There are three general models or frameworks in IMP that may be used to analyse the role of contracts within an interactive and relational frame of exchange. These are the interaction model (Håkansson, 1982), the actors-resources-activities (ARA) model (Håkansson & Snehota, 1995) and the 4 resource model (Håkansson & Håkansson and Waluszewski, 2002).     

The Development and Empirical Testing of Extended Input-Output Price Models

The focus in this paper is on the input-output price model as initially developed by Leontief nearly 60 years ago. A number of methodological refinements are proposed, including the formulation, for the first time, of an extended price model, with a disaggregated household sector. This model is presented in both static and dynamic versions. The effects of these refinements are investigated empirically by reference to an example of policy analysis. This relates to a hypothetical proposal to remove energy subsidies at the national level in Iran. The paper reports on the different results produced by each form of price model and also provides evidence on the sensitivity of individual parameter values. The paper concludes by considering the feasibility of constructing more comprehensive versions of the price model and identifying those elements of the model for which data are likely to be more difficult to obtain at national and regional levels.     

Missing Pieces in Ecosystem Restoration: The Case of the Florida Everglades

The largest ecosystem restoration in the world-a $7.8 billion rescue package-is now beginning in the Florida Everglades. This paper examines both the economic impact of the restoration itself and those pieces that are 'missing' from the official project analysis; namely, increased tourism, urban construction, in-migration, and changing agricultural patterns. These pieces comprise a variety of scenarios that are tested for a 45 year planning period with an augmented input-output model derived from a regional SAM. The new output and employment generated by the 'missing pieces', which are small relative to the vast economic base of the region, do represent a considerable increase over the annual growth, especially by the year 2045. We conclude with a discussion of ways in which a growing regional economy might be reconciled with ecosystem restoration.     

Leontief's Great Leap Forward: Beyond Quesnay,Marx and von Bortkiewicz

Wassily Leontief's input-output analysis is often interpreted simply as a logical next step in the chain of ideas from Quesnay to Marx to von Bortkiewicz, the last of these having been Leontief's thesis adviser in Berlin. Here, it is shown that input-output is far more than that. Unlike any predecessor, it is a flexible model with widely varied applications that permits direct empirical evaluation. This is illustrated by application to net energy calculations, showing that the normal evaluation methods that ignore input-output considerations probably overestimate by 20 to 60% the net energy yield of projects designed to save energy.     

Impacts of the Japanese patent system on productivity growth

We investigate empirically how the Japanese patent system has affected post-war growth in Japanese total factor productivity. The system has been criticized for several reasons, including that it encourages numerous filings of narrow claims that build incrementally on fundamental technologies developed by domestic and foreign inventors. Stated in different terms, the system was designed to promote technological catch-up and diffusion through incremental innovation. However, its effectiveness in achieving this purpose has not been studied systematically. We provide econometric evidence that the technology diffused through the Japanese patent system had a significant and positive impact on Japan's technical progress.     

证券交易税对市场波动性的影响:来自中国股市的证据

本文运用ARCH族模型检验了2001年股票交易印花税税率降低对沪、深股市波动性的影响,为有关证券交易税对市场波动性影响的讨论增添了一个来自新兴市场的证据。计量结果表明,该次税率变动对沪市波动性的影响在统计上是不显著的;深市的波动性在税率降低后虽然有统计上显著的增加,但是这个变化太小,没有实际意义。我们的研究结果表明,对于像中国股市这类市场结构和市场制度处于变化之中的新兴市场,如果试图通过调整证券交易税税率这类显性的交易成本来影响市场波动性,其效果是有限的。     

产业技术扩散的博弈分析模型

当技术扩散的环境发生变化时,传统的"S"形扩散模型将失去其解释力。通过对政府在促进外资企业技术扩散的博弈模型分析,以及外资企业在激励条件下的反应分析,为政府在制定技术扩散政策以促进外资企业技术扩散提供理论依据。来自广州汽车产业发展的经验以及发展现状,为博弈模型提供了有力的实证支持。     

企业技术创新空间模型的构建与分析

作为构建企业技术创新空间的基本维度,技术维与市场维共同构成了企业技术创新可能存在的空间,而技术创新能力维则是企业把可能存在的空间进一步转变为可以实现的空间。企业技术创新空间模型分析了技术创新子空间的数量、类型、位置、特点及其技术创新的范围大小和难易程度。通过技术创新空间矩阵的进一步组合分析,论证了企业只有切实提高技术创新能力,真正立足于自主技术创新,才能把可能的技术创新空间转变为现实的技术创新空间。     

数字内容产品特征及其商业模式研究

讨论了数字内容产品的特点,它们决定了数字内容产品提供商在定价策略、收费策略和营销策略等商业模式方面的特殊性。