失败学习对企业绩效的影响机制研究

已有文献认为失败学习对企业绩效具有重要作用,但失败学习通过何种途径促进企业绩效提升的研究并不完善。基于失败学习理论,引入资源拼凑和机会识别作为中介变量,构建失败学习影响企业绩效的多路径模型,探索失败学习对企业绩效的驱动路径及内在机理。实证结果表明：失败学习对企业绩效具有显著积极作用,资源拼凑和机会识别分别在失败学习与企业绩效之间起中介作用,资源拼凑和机会识别在失败学习对企业绩效驱动过程中存在链式中介作用,战略柔性能够强化资源拼凑与企业绩效之间的关系,并正向调节资源拼凑的中介作用。研究结论拓展了失败学习对企业绩效的影响路径,对企业复苏和成长具有重要启示。     

Entrepreneurial team's risk-based decision-making: A dynamic game analysis

It is well-known that some cognitive factors such as opportunity perception and risk perception influence entrepreneurial risk-based decision-making (RBDM). This paper proposes some rules of entrepreneur's risk decision-learning to address this RBDM taking cognitive factors into consideration. The learning mechanisms of entrepreneurial team's RBDM is derived based on entrepreneur's perception evolution. The paper employs a system dynamics model to analyze the entrepreneurial team's risk decision-learning. A case study is conducted to demonstrate the entrepreneurial RBDM process with cognitive factors.     

亚当·斯密《国富论》所涉中国经济论及其当代启示

亚当·斯密生活的时代正是清朝乾隆时代,而康乾盛世并没有与西方工业化的发展同步,从而丧失了一次重大的世界性的历史发展机遇。亚当·斯密《国富论》中的有关论述有助于我们了解其中的重要原因。同时,研读相关论述,我们可以得出观念变革重要性放眼看世界重要性制度变革重要性开拓世界市场重要性以及追求真实价值重要性等对当代中国深化经济改革和开放的诸多有益启示。     

Towards a schematic theory of entrepreneurial alertness

This article is an investigation into Kirzner's concept of entrepreneurial alertness — its mechanism and its antecedents. By drawing from decision theory and schema theory, a model is developed to show how changes in the environment are mediated by entrepreneurial alertness and brought to the situated attention of entrepreneurs for evaluation. Entrepreneurial alertness is seen to be the application of unique schemata that allow the entrepreneur to impute meaning to environmental change that would not be imputed by other managers. It is argued that the alertness that allows entrepreneurs to see opportunity where others do not arises from differences in schematic richness, schematic association, and schematic priming. These three antecedents may therefore form a basis on which enhanced entrepreneurial alertness can be developed.     

Disclosure and Recognition Requirements: Corporate Investment Decisions with Externalities*

This paper examines the effects of disclosure and recognition requirements on investment decisions when shareholders have limited liability. Firms' investment projects have either high initial pollution prevention costs or high subsequent clean‐up costs, and their liability for clean‐up costs may be either individual or joint and several. Even with individual liability for clean‐up costs, shareholders' limited liability creates an incentive to select the latter project type and to impose costs on the rest of the economy. This tendency is exacerbated when clean‐up liability is joint and several. We show that a disclosure requirement cannot have an unambiguous effect on the selection of the “cleaner” project. However, an accrual requirement, together with an accounting‐based dividend restriction, is shown to promote choice of the project that imposes lower expected costs on the rest of the economy. Moreover, we find that it is possible for a recognition requirement to have a greater impact in a joint‐and‐several liability regime than in an individual liability regime.     

利用模糊理论对单脉冲雷达天线副瓣的自动识别及跟踪

本文讨论了根据单脉冲雷达的特点及跟踪过程，运用模糊综合评判、模糊数据库、模糊控制的原理对单脉冲雷达系统的天线进行副瓣自动识别及跟踪的方法，经过仿地具试验初步验证该方法是可行的。     

A method for assessing highway qualities to integrate values in highway planning

Highway infrastructure planning is most often oriented toward assessing and maintaining physical inventories but it is often the lack of social knowledge about how people perceive, value and use a transportation system that generates the greatest user conflict and mistrust of public agency behavior. Using results from a 2001 statewide survey of Alaska residents, this paper presents a methodology for examining highway systems as a collection of intrinsic highway qualities and special places that provide a spectrum of highway experience opportunities. The concept of a highway experience opportunity spectrum is described and a number of potential dimensions for creating experience opportunity classes are suggested. With knowledge of spatial locations of intrinsic highway qualities, transportation planners can make informed choices to maintain or alter the set of highway experience opportunities associated with a highway system.     

浅谈如何降低企业货币资金管理成本

降低企业的货币资金管理成本一直是企业所关注的重要问题，影响企业货币资金管理成本的因素有很多，其中内部控制管理不到位尤为严重。因此。分析企业降低资金管理费用的各种途径和可能性，提出改进管理的方法和措施，为企业加强管理提供现实指导显得尤为必要。     

Inequality of Opportunity in Europe

Using the EU‐SILC database, we estimate and compare the Inequality of Opportunity (IO) of 23 European countries in 2005. IO is estimated as the between‐type (ex‐ante) inequality component following the parametric procedure of Ferreira and Gignoux (2011 ), which allows for the inclusion of the large set of circumstances in the database. We also measure the degree of correlation between IO estimates and a set of past and contemporaneous economic factors related to the degree of development, labor market performance, investment in human capital, and social protection spending.