论我国房地产税收制度的改革与完善

在对我国现行房地产税制存在税费繁多、各阶段征税不公平,尤其在对保有环节征税过少、计税依据不科学等不足进行分析的基础上,提出了几点建议:正税、明租、少费;依据房地产市场运行过程和市场行为设定税种;规范管理、扩大税基、充实地方政府财源和完善房地产税课税的配套制度与政策。     

人民币均衡汇率、汇率错位与出口的关系

运用1978～2005年的数据，分别计算了人民币均衡汇率水平和汇率错位程度，并运用E-G两步法、误差修正模型和二元Logit模型对人民币均衡汇率、汇率错位与出口之间的关系进行了实证分析。     

货币升值对不同产业就业的影响——对亚洲八国汇率与就业关系的经验分析

为了研究人民币升值可能对中国各产业就业影响,且避免单独研究中国数据所产生的局限性,本文选取八个亚洲主要国家和地区的数据,利用面板数据模型进行实证分析。实证结果显示汇率升值将对制造业的就业产生负效应,而对第三产业的效应为正,按照该结果,人民币升值将会给中国本已严峻的就业形势带来更大的压力。根据中国各产业就业形势的当前状况及发展趋势,解决中国就业问题的根本出路在于大力发展第三产业。     

欧元之父--罗伯特·蒙代尔的经济学贡献

蒙代尔是最优货币区域理论的首创者,他分析了不同汇率体制下财政政策与货币政策的合理配置理论,从货币角度研究国际收支理论及供给学理论,促成了欧元的出台,被尊称为"欧元之父".蒙代尔对中国改革和发展给予了高度关注,并提出许多有益的建议.     

当前人民币汇率升值压力解析--从国际收支状况所进行的分析

本文从国际收支的角度对当前人民币面临的升值压力进行了分析,认为在我国目前情况下,外汇储备的管理重在结构而非单纯是总量,并从建立和完善调节国际收支的市场机制和管理体制等方面,提出了缓解人民币升值压力的对策建议.     

实物期权定价模型在我国应用的障碍分析

实物期权评估方法是20世纪应环境变化的要求发展起来的新的项目评估方法之一。我国的项目评估研究和实践领域也高度关注该方法,以应对今天复杂多变的经济环境。但是,我国目前经济环境特征决定了国外模式在我国不能完全适应,我们在和世界接轨的时候,也必须做出改进。本文结合我国经济环境详细分析了实物期权两种定价模式中各个定价参数在获得过程中所面对的部分障碍,为今后期权评估方法在我国的应用提出部分建议。     

Reconciling sustainability and discounting in Cost–Benefit Analysis: A methodological proposal

The incorporation of the intergenerational equity objective has rendered the traditional Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA) approach obsolete for the evaluation of projects presenting an important number of environmental externalities and for those whose impacts extend throughout a long period of time.Based on the assumption that applying a discount rate rewards current consumption and, therefore, that it is only possible to introduce a certain intergenerational equity in a Cost–Benefit Analysis, in this work we propose an approach to discounting based on a different rationale for tangible and intangible effects. We designed two indicators of environmental profitability: a) the Intergenerational Transfer Amount (ITA), which quantifies in monetary units what the current generation is willing to pass on future generations when an environmental restoration project is carried out, and b) the Critical Environmental Rate (CER), measures the implicit environmental profitability.These concepts were tested through an empirical case study pertaining to the assessment of an Erosion Control Project in the southeast of Spain. The results yield traditional profitability indicators that are higher — and probably closer — to the real values set by the contemporary society. The information provided by the environmental profitability indicators proposed renders more transparency to the quantification of the levels of intergenerational equity applied, thereby facilitating the difficult reconciliation of the CBA technique with the objective of sustainability.     

房地产价格波动与投机行为--对中国14城市的实证研究

本文首先构建了适合中国的房地产投机理论模型,然后利用该模型对中国14个城市房地产价格波动与投机行为的关系进行实证研究.对14城市的时间序列数据研究结果表明各城市房地产投机水平都很高,个别城市更加突出.通过对14城市的截面数据分析,可以看出可支配收入对房地产价格没有显著影响,这些城市房地产价格的上升,主要是由投机来推动的,而且整体投机度非常高,说明房地产价格极大的偏离长期均衡值,市场出现了非理性繁荣,政府和产业部门应该采取适当的措施,积极引导消费者和投资者,为建立均衡的房地产市场提供良好的宏观和微观环境.     

The long-run effects of the real exchange rate on employment and wages in Canadian manufacturing

ABSTRACT

The literature on real exchange rate effects on the labour market is dominated by short-run analysis showing that there is heterogeneity in the responses of firms or industries to a real exchange rate shock. Analysing data on Canadian manufacturing industries, I conclude that there is a common long-run equilibrium across all manufacturing industries controlling for their openness to trade after varying adjustments to a real exchange rate shock have taken place. This conclusion is important from the perspective of policy making because it helps to form expectations about the effects of a real exchange rate movement on the labour market. The results suggest that real appreciation leads to economically significant reductions in employment in manufacturing in the long run. Real wages decrease in industries that are highly engaged in international trade and somewhat increase in industries that are relatively closed to international trade. Both employment and real wages converge quickly to the long-run equilibrium.     

货币政策的粘性均衡汇率效应模型及人民币汇率定价的弹性分析

本文以开放的宏观经济为框架、以厂商利润最大化为微观经济基础、以严格的数学推导为逻辑纽带、以粘性价格为理论依据、以购买力平价的微分冲击形式为理论基础，提出并构建了两国货币政策的粘性均衡汇率效应模型。应用模型，本文对1992～2002年的人民币粘性均衡汇率进行了定价，并对2003年的定价进行了预测。以定价汇率及其预测为标准，对1992～2003年的人民币汇率偏离与经常性项目的关系，进行了弹性分析。根据模型与实证分析，获得了一些重要结论。