全文获取类型
收费全文 | 26978篇 |
免费 | 1308篇 |
国内免费 | 451篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 2746篇 |
工业经济 | 1346篇 |
计划管理 | 5953篇 |
经济学 | 5052篇 |
综合类 | 2527篇 |
运输经济 | 453篇 |
旅游经济 | 804篇 |
贸易经济 | 4602篇 |
农业经济 | 2312篇 |
经济概况 | 2942篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 110篇 |
2023年 | 588篇 |
2022年 | 573篇 |
2021年 | 908篇 |
2020年 | 1175篇 |
2019年 | 954篇 |
2018年 | 857篇 |
2017年 | 1108篇 |
2016年 | 995篇 |
2015年 | 909篇 |
2014年 | 1698篇 |
2013年 | 2441篇 |
2012年 | 2026篇 |
2011年 | 2331篇 |
2010年 | 1635篇 |
2009年 | 1484篇 |
2008年 | 1910篇 |
2007年 | 1674篇 |
2006年 | 1480篇 |
2005年 | 1134篇 |
2004年 | 773篇 |
2003年 | 508篇 |
2002年 | 330篇 |
2001年 | 253篇 |
2000年 | 199篇 |
1999年 | 142篇 |
1998年 | 116篇 |
1997年 | 84篇 |
1996年 | 71篇 |
1995年 | 45篇 |
1994年 | 43篇 |
1993年 | 25篇 |
1992年 | 38篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 18篇 |
1984年 | 16篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 531 毫秒
991.
The exorbitant cost of new High-Speed Rail (HSR) lines requires a selection methodology to define which HSR corridors within a network should be built first, and the most suitable evaluation tool appears to be the multi-criteria approach. In any corridor-ranking methodology, and especially in countries with high tourism attractiveness, tourism impacts on HSR should be considered as a variable.In addition to economic geography and destination choice models, the current literature on tourism demand is dominated by econometric models using a single-equation time-series based approach. However little research has been done so far on methodologies to rank HSR corridors taking into account the tourism variable. In 2014, a ranking methodology developed by Todorovich and Hagler was validated using the current Spanish HSR network. Twelve variables were used to create an index to assign scores to the city pairs, but tourism was not included as a variable. The findings showed the consistency of the model for ranking pairs mainly in the top O–D relations; however the tool failed to discriminate clearly between secondary groups of corridors.The aim of this paper is to assess empirically the positive effect of tourism on HSR and to enhance the abovementioned ranking tool with a tourism database. The new methodology is tested by application to 1176 city pairs in Spain, and the results clearly show that the implementation of a tourism variable helps discriminate between secondary groups of corridors and offers a more effective approach for determining the implications of tourism on HSR. 相似文献
992.
Nan Feng Minqiang Li Desheng Wu Fuzan Chen Jin Tian 《Enterprise Information Systems》2016,10(7):751-770
Information sharing across organisations is critical to effectively managing the security risks of inter-organisational information systems. Nevertheless, few previous studies on information systems security have focused on inter-organisational information sharing, and none have studied the sharing of inferred beliefs versus factual observations. In this article, a multiagent collaborative model (MACM) is proposed as a practical solution to assess the risk level of each allied organisation’s information system and support proactive security treatment by sharing beliefs on event probabilities as well as factual observations. In MACM, for each allied organisation’s information system, we design four types of agents: inspection agent, analysis agent, control agent, and communication agent. By sharing soft findings (beliefs) in addition to hard findings (factual observations) among the organisations, each organisation’s analysis agent is capable of dynamically predicting its security risk level using a Bayesian network. A real-world implementation illustrates how our model can be used to manage security risks in distributed information systems and that sharing soft findings leads to lower expected loss from security risks. 相似文献
993.
Since 1998, Singapore has had an Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system set up with a network of toll gantries to tax vehicles entering designated areas in the city center during peak hours. Using the congestion rate hike with effect from November 1, 2010 as an exogenous shock, we test the effects of the ERP rate hike on retail, office and residential real estate prices. The results show that the November 2010 congestion toll rate increases cause a 19% drop in retail real estate prices within the cordon ERP areas relative to retail real estate prices outside the cordon ERP areas. The results are statistically and economically significant. However, the toll rate hike has no significant impact private office and residential real estate within cordoned ERP areas. The robustness and falsification tests could not reject the negative effects associated with the toll rate hike on retail real estate prices. 相似文献
994.
What is the most appropriate combination of fiscal and monetary policies in economies subject to banking crises and deep recessions? We study this issue using an agent-based model that is able to reproduce a wide array of macro- and micro-empirical regularities. Simulation results suggest that policy mixes associating unconstrained, counter-cyclical fiscal policy and monetary policy targeting employment is required to stabilise the economy. We also show that “discipline-guided” fiscal rules can be self-defeating, as they depress the economy without improving public finances. Finally, we find that the effects of monetary and fiscal policies become sharper as the level of income inequality increases. 相似文献
995.
基于AHP-SWOT模型的高标准基本农田建设发展策略研究——以沈阳市为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
"十分珍惜和合理利用每一寸土地"是我国的基本国策,中国作为一个农业大国,粮食安全至关重要,而高标准基本农田建设作为保证我国粮食安全的一项重要举措,意义尤为重大。在此背景下,文章将层次分析法应用于SWOT分析中,建立AHP-SWOT模型,并以沈阳市为例,分别从优势、劣势、机会和威胁4个方面分析了沈阳市高标准基本农田建设的发展现状,通过权重计算,比较各方面优先次序,从而进行未来的战略模式选择,因地制宜地为未来沈阳市未来高标准基本农田建设的发展决策提供理论指导。研究表明:沈阳市高标准基本农田建设的发展现状中,4个方面的优先权重排序为威胁(T)劣势(W)机会(O)优势(S)。故沈阳市未来高标准农田建设战略决策应以W-T模式,即克服劣势、应对威胁模式为主,归纳为3个方面,具体包括:政府组织多部门联动,统筹规划,协调管理;完善管理办法,针对重要环节出台专门规程;三管齐下,制定优奖劣罚的考核机制。 相似文献
996.
We study a production economy with regime switching in the conditional mean and volatility of productivity growth. The representative agent has generalized disappointment aversion (GDA) preferences. We show that volatility risk in productivity growth carries a positive and sizable risk premium in levered equity. Our model can endogenously generate long-run risks in the volatility of consumption growth observed in the data. We show that introducing leverage with a procyclical dividend process consistent with the data is critical for the GDA preferences to have a large impact on equity returns. 相似文献
997.
Using panel data for six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries from 1995–2014, we assess the impacts of several major economic variables on intra-GCC food exports, and on GCC food exports to the world. The GCC customs union had minimal impact on intra-GCC food exports, but occasioned a significant reduction in GCC food exports. Unlike GCC food exports, intra-GCC food exports occurred among countries with similar relative factor endowments, in agreement with the Linder Hypothesis. Rising incomes and exchange rates played significant roles in both intra-GCC food exports and GCC food exports, while distance has lost its once-dominant role. 相似文献
998.
This article develops an ethnographic account of the development and history of the British Airways Heritage Centre (BAHC). Responding to several observations throughout the literature, we report on our experiences of engagement with British Airways’ archives over a 25-year period. In doing so our focus is on the much-neglected history of archives as powerful influences on how corporate histories are written. The ethnographic account is rooted in ANTi-History, an approach to historiography, that focuses on the production of history as knowledge of the past by following a number of human (e.g. archive volunteers) and non-human (e.g. airline artefacts) actors to reassemble the elements that constitute an archive at a point in time. To that end, we trace the inter-relationships between histories of British Airways and the development of the BAHC. We conclude that a focus on the various human and non-human relationships that constitute an archive can help the researcher to identify the hidden influences on the production of history that can otherwise serve to enrol him or her. 相似文献
999.
Grietjie Verhoef 《Business History》2016,58(6):947-973
The South African Life Assurance Company (SANLAM) entered global markets after 1990, with varied success. Contextual pressures exerted a ‘push’ on financial services companies, which led to strategic changes in firm strategy, structure and performance. Theories of internationalisation afford more attention to industrial production internationalisation. This article explores the SANLAM experiences with internationalisation since the early 1990s. Initial internationalisation attempts were less successful, leading to strategic business changes, which led to a change in the globalisation strategy and more success in alternative markets. This article explores the different stages of SANLAM’s internationalisation strategy and what determined eventual success. The article contextualises the SANLAM internationalisation strategy by drawing on aspects of the process theory, the Matthews Linkage, Leverage and Learning (LLL) framework, and the Strategy, Structure, Organisation and Performance (SSOP) analytical framework. The SANLAM case underlines the crucial role of tacit knowledge of the host market as prerequisite for successful globalisation strategies of financial services’ firms. 相似文献
1000.
Michael Heller 《Business History》2016,58(7):1034-1054
In the 1930s, the General Post Office (GPO) in Britain became one of the nation’s most innovative pioneers of marketing communication. Following criticism of the organisation in the 1920s for its conservative use of publicity, the GPO embarked upon a series of creative publicity campaigns that applied, amongst other methods, advertising, public relations, promotions, cinema, events and artistic posters. Through an overview of its publicity, and through a narrative of three case-studies, this article argues that one of the most important innovations of the GPO was its integration of marketing communication, both in terms of techniques used and in relation to its emphasis in promoting the organisation and the services it provided. 相似文献