入世后我国农业贸易格局和效率的变化

加入世贸组织后．我国农业贸易（不包括渔业产品）出现了两大令人瞩目的变化。农业进出口总值在徘徊多年之后，仅4年就翻了一番；同时，从2003年之后，长久以来保持并呈扩大趋势的农产品贸易顺差转瞬间消失，由于进口额的暴涨，出现了历史上不多见的逆差。本文从贸易结构和效率的角度考查了我国农业贸易井喷似增长的合理性．和进出口的实践是否体现了贸易的经济效率。初步结论如下：第一，入世后农业贸易急剧增长是合理的，因为出口增长反映了我国农业的相对优势：①地域空间下的土地禀赋相对优势；②生产过程和加工过程的独特性；和③劳动力要素禀赋。进口的增长在很大程度上是制成品出口增长拉动的，从整个产业链来看，并不存在贸易逆差；第二入世后农业贸易的经济效率急需提高．贱卖贵买是贸易急剧增长中的一个特别突出的问题。如假定我国农产品进出口的价格与世界其他国家的价格相同，在2003-2004年间，我国农产品出口总额可以增加近35亿美元，而进口支付总额可以减少近38亿美元。贸易自由化总是趋于提高贸易的广度和深度，如果贸易经济效率低下，既不能把握机会，也无力面对竞争；第三，要充分发挥农业贸易体系对社会主义新农村建设的积极作用，我们必须抓住两个基本点：一是提高我国农业贸易的合理性和经济效率；二是让农民从农业贸易中获得更多的收益。     

中国油菜籽生产效率的DEA测度及分析

本文采取数据包络（DEA）分析方法，计算2003年我国油菜籽各产区的技术效率和规模效率。发现目前我国油菜籽生产技术效率和规模效率低下，大部分油菜产区技术和规模均没有发挥到最佳状态，导致实际单产远低于潜在水平。并根据分析结果，提出技术效率低的油菜籽产区不仅要扩大油菜籽生产规模，同时应发展集约型经营，节约资源，增加收益；技术效率高的油菜产区要依靠品种改良等技术创新途径提高单位产量等措施。     

Price and yield effects of spill-overs in international agricultural research: evidence from ICRISAT and Australia

International agricultural research aimed at improving productivity in developing countries also has spill-over effects on developed countries. Research that affects the supply of commodities is also likely to affect the world price of tradeable commodities. In this paper, the effects of spill-overs to Australia from successful cost-reducing research into sorghum and chickpeas at die International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) aimed at developing countries are assessed. Genetic materials developed and distributed through ICRISAT are used in Australia to increase productivity. The price-reducing effects of successful research are incorporated into the analysis of spill-over impacts on productivity. The net effects on welfare for producers and consumers of sorghum and chickpeas in Australia and the Rest of the World (ROW) are identified. The consequences of the impacts are discussed and the implications for further funding of international agricultural research are also discussed.     

多维经济效率视角下的企业合并反垄断规制——兼评"可口可乐与汇源合并案"

由于新古典经济学静态模型依托的有限相关市场假设、绝对进入壁垒假设、单一定价策略假设均不能成立,企业合并形成的行业巨头在大多数情况下不会对静态配置效率、动态效率和X-效率的多维经济效率造成损害.因此,在一般市场中,应放松对企业合并的反垄断规制,而在两类特殊市场中,则应加强标准化管理.     

学校领导班子和谐建设的探析

在学校领导班子中,正职是学校的一把手,是把方向,管全局的。副职是正职的左膀右臂,是正职的参谋和助手。如何正确处理学校正职与副职之间的关系,对于领导班子的和谐建设、提高领导集体的战斗力、带领全体教职工出色完成各项工作任务具有十分重要的作用。     

银行激进的短期激励机制的弊端及其改革思路

加入WTO以后,中国银行业的竞争日趋激励,各商业银行为了在竞争中立于不败之地,纷纷出台了名目繁多的激励政策。虽然这些激励政策对于银行短期业绩增长的确很有效,但这些激励机制往往过于激进、过于短期化,从长远来看,是不利于银行发展的,因此这样的激励机制必须改革。本文主要分析了银行激进的短期激励机制的表现形式、危害及其改革思路。     

Lingo在运筹学教学中的应用

结合教学实践,介绍了Lingo软件在运筹学中的应用,有助于提高学生兴趣,增强建模水平。     

地球系统科学研究

地球系统科学是人类社会可持续发展的科学基础。近20年来,地球系统科学研究广泛开展,我国科学家积极地参加各项国际计划。地球系统科学将是21世纪地球科学的主旋律。     

Content analytic approach to measuring constructs in operations and supply chain management

This paper presents and illustrates the content analytic approach to measuring constructs in operations and supply chain management (OSCM). In this paper, a methodological review of OSCM empirical research in 2002-2007 is provided to highlight that OSCM empirical studies, unlike those in other business disciplines, have rarely used content analysis as a methodological tool. This paper then reviews the methodological strengths of content analysis, which lie primarily in its malleability, economy of data collection, repeatability, and unobtrusiveness. These strengths not only make content analysis a viable empirical method but also position it as a method that can be used in concert with other empirical methods in OSCM research, such as survey, case study, and secondary research methodologies. This paper also proposes a generic framework for a content analytic approach to measuring theoretical constructs, illustrates the application of the framework to a construct in the OSCM literature (buyer-supplier relationalism), and reports the satisfactory results of reliability and validity tests for the content analysis-based measure of buyer-supplier relationalism. In addition, this paper proposes and demonstrates that the use of convergence study in tandem with content analysis can substantially reduce the content analysis efforts needed in measuring the construct of interest, thus improving the overall efficiency of the process of content analysis.     

企业家关系网络与企业集群演化失败的互动关系研究

企业家关系网络是企业集群演进中的一个重要驱动因素。基于动态能力理论的观点,企业家关系网络尽管是企业集群构建竞争优势的核心资源,但在环境不断变化的背景下,这种资源也可能会成为阻碍企业集群获取持续竞争优势的桎梏。利用企业家关系网络的演进模型有助于解释企业集群演化失败与企业家关系网络之间的关系,厘清企业家关系网络可能会对企业集群带来的负面效应。