Some antecedent factors that shape actors’ adoption of enterprise systems

This paper proposes a conceptual model based on technology-organization-environment (T-O-E) and institutional frameworks and examines how the traditional and isomorphic factors explain adoption of enterprise systems (ES) by service small and medium enterprise (SMEs) in Nigeria. The model extends the T-O-E framework by integrating environmental typology with institutional changes in order to recognize homologous behavior in the social systems. Logistic regression and Wald’s statistics were used to analyze the data from field survey questionnaire administered to a purposive and snow-ball sample of 262 executives. The results show that adoption of ES is significantly influenced by organizational, technological and isomorphic factors though normative and mimetic isomorphism had negative coefficients; a unit increase in the complexity of the two attracts less analogous modeling and mimicry or vice versa. The technical, economic and legitimated elements are critical adoption determinants; thus, managers make informed decisions that improve competitive advantage when they understand the institutional homogeneity that drives less efficiency in the social structure.     

IFRS Adoption and Stock Prices of Japanese Firms in Governance System Transition

This study examines firms' decision to voluntarily adopt IFRS in a setting where there are changes to the governance system in a traditionally code law country, as well as how the market responds to such decisions. We find the probability of voluntary IFRS adoption to be higher among firms that have a high proportion of foreign shareholders, undertake quality audits, have low levels of leverage, feature a nominating committee, and are included in the new market index. In addition, the stock prices of IFRS adopters tend to increase around the announcement date of IFRS adoption, compared to those of non-adopters. Finally, market reactions are smaller for firms that feature a nominating committee, and are included in the new market index—perhaps because IFRS adoption by these firms is less surprising to market participants, and because IFRS adoption is not expected to add large incremental value to these firms.     

Competition,strategic delegation and delay in technology adoption

This paper examines how strategic managerial delegation affects firms' timing of adoption of a new technology under different modes of product market competition. It demonstrates that strategic delegation has differential impacts on adoption dates under Cournot and Bertrand competitions. Strategic delegation with ‘own-performance’-based incentive schemes always leads to early adoption in markets with Bertrand competition compared to that under no-delegation, but not necessarily so in markets with Cournot competition. It also shows that under strategic delegation with ‘own-performance’-based incentive schemes, adoption occurs earlier (later) in markets with Cournot competition than in markets with Bertrand competition, if the degree of product differentiation is high (low). In contrast, under strategic delegation with ‘relative-performance’-based incentive schemes, adoption dates do not differ across markets with different modes of competition. It also analyses implications of firms' choice over types of managerial incentive schemes on the speed of diffusion of new technology.     

Auditor Quality,IFRS Adoption,and Stock Price Crash Risk: Korean Evidence

This paper investigates the relationship among auditor quality, International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) adoption and stock price crash risk. Using 657 unique listed companies spanning 2002–2014 in Korea, this study finds that stock price crash risk decreases, especially for firms using Big 4 auditors, after IFRS adoption in Korea. Stock price crash risk decreases for a firm included in Big 4 auditors, while it does not increase for a firm excluded from Big 4 auditors after IFRS adoption. Finally, this study finds that Big 4 auditor decreases stock price crash risk only when the firm size is above-median.     

Market access by smallholder farmers in Malawi: implications for technology adoption,agricultural productivity and crop income

In Malawi, maize is the major crop and food staple. Given limited off-farm employment opportunities, much-needed increases in household income for improving food security must come from gains in agricultural productivity through better technology and more profitable crops. In the past, hybrid maize and more recently, tobacco were promoted by policy for increasing smallholder income. An analysis of determinants of adoption of these two crops and related income effects is presented. Apart from factor endowment and exposure to agroecological risks, differences in the household's access to financial and commodity markets significantly influence its cropping shares and farm income.     

示范家庭农场认定标准评析

农业生产以家庭经营为基础是其自身的特殊性所决定的,家庭农场则是引领适度规模经营、发展现代农业的新型农业经营主体。我国家庭农场发展还处于初级阶段,需要较先进的家庭农场发挥示范作用,进而带动家庭农场整体的高质量发展。自2013年中央一号文件发布以来,各地相继出台了示范家庭农场认定文件,但鲜有文献对这些文件中示范家庭农场认定标准的科学性和有效性进行探讨。本文收集了21个省级和31个市级示范家庭农场认定文件,对其提出的示范家庭农场评定条件和要求进行梳理和比较,发现这些认定标准大多存在以下问题：（1）具体要求与定义性规定脱节,不利于评选出真正的示范家庭农场。比如,没有相应的量化指标来保证“以农业收入为主”和“以家庭成员为主要劳动力”的规定性,对经营规模大多只有下限要求、没有上限要求,可能把从事非农生产的经营主体、专业大户和公司性农场等评为示范家庭农场。（2）认定标准过低,示范家庭农场先进性不足不利于示范作用的发挥。例如,未对农场主的年龄、文化程度、经营经验以及农场的新技术采用和机械化水平等提出要求。（3）省级标准与市级标准没有拉开档次,不利于促进不同发展层次家庭农场的高质量发展。除了在经营面积上省级要求明显高于市级要求外,其他评定条件和要求的省级标准与市级标准差别不大。（4）认定标准中生态绩效指标太少,不利于新时代家庭农场的绿色发展。虽然有些示范家庭农场认定文件提出了“三品一标”的要求,但在绿色环保方面的要求过低,不能满足农业绿色发展的时代要求。目前,各地示范家庭农场认定标准存在的问题与我国家庭农场发展时间短、整体水平不高有关,但示范家庭农场的评选应该着眼于示范性和引领性,而不是照顾大多数。目前,有些地方的做法（如江苏省）值得借鉴。 建议：对示范家庭农场的农业收入比重、家庭成员参与农场经营人数、雇工比例等有一个明确的量的要求,并规定经营规模的上限;适当提高示范家庭农场认定的门槛条件,例如,农场主的年龄要在55岁以下、文化程度要在中专和高中以上,近三年至少使用一项以上新技术等;大幅度提高省级示范家庭农场认定标准,与市级标准明显拉开档次;增加生态绩效方面的要求,例如,把化肥农药使用强度、有机肥利用率等纳入示范家庭农场的认定条件。     

The impact of management commitment alignment on salespersons' adoption of sales force automation technologies: An empirical investigation

Marketing and information systems scholars have explored several factors that affect sales force automation (SFA) technology adoption. In this study, we introduce a new antecedent to the SFA adoption model, management commitment alignment (MCA). We show that alignment between top management and immediate supervisors' commitment to the SFA technology is an important factor in influencing SFA adoption. Results show that while commitment from both leadership levels (perfect alignment) is the most conducive to SFA adoption, misaligned commitment conditions have differential effects on adoption. Specifically, even when supervisors are committed to sales technology, lack of top management commitment can hurt SFA adoption. Managerial implications of the findings and directions for future research are discussed.     

Using Social Influence Processes and Psychological Factors to Measure Pervasive Adoption of Social Networking Sites: Evidence from Pakistan

Social networking sites (SNS) have emerged as a popular and convenient tool for connecting with different groups of people on a specific platform. This study examines the effect of social influence processes and psychological factors on the behavior of students’ pervasive adoption of SNS. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire. Partial least square was used for data analysis. Findings reveal that privacy, identification, and internalization ensure significant association with the intention to use SNS, ultimately has a positive effect on the pervasive adoption of SNS and so does gender. However, men were found to be less aware of privacy issues.     

Social media adoption: A process-based approach

This research conceptualizes and measures social media adoption (SMA) of companies with a process-based approach and explains its antecedents of micro- and macro-environment, size, and ownership, as well as its consequence of intention to increase resources dedicated to social media. Based on data from 310 Turkish small and medium enterprises, the study first develops a conceptual framework on the pillars of internal and external stakeholder focus as well as relationship and information oriented implementation. Based on these two dimensions, it discusses the novel concepts of social customer relations, social stakeholder communication, social intelligence, and social responsiveness related to SMA. The study further indicates that ownership type and micro environment play a role in SMA and that path dependence exists in the interplay of current adoption and future intentions.     

基于相关联原则分析国家标准采标率的研究

传统采标率已不能科学反映我国采标工作的发展水平。本文根据国际标准化的发展情况和我国标准化工作的实际,提出了基于相关联原则计算采标率的方法。