Job mismatches and career mobility

Does over-education assist or hinder occupational advancement? Career mobility theory hypothesizes that over-education leads to a higher level of occupational advancement and wage growth over time, with mixed international empirical evidence. This paper re-tests career mobility theory directly using a rich Australian longitudinal data set. A dynamic random effects probit model is employed to examine upward occupational mobility, considering two-digit occupational rank advancement and wage growth over three-year intervals. The ‘Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia’ data across nine years are employed, and a Mundlak correction model is adopted to adjust for unobserved heterogeneity effects and potential endogeneity, both of which are important to over-education analysis. Contrary to career theory, the results point to job mismatch as an economic concern rather than a passing phase, regardless of whether or not workers are skill-matched. Results further show the importance of adjusting for endogeneity.     

When unionisation is profitable for firms in network industries

In an industry characterised by the presence of network effects, this paper investigates a duopolistic game in which firms may choose whether to bargain over wages and employment with unions or to face a competitive labour market (i.e., without unions). If unions are sufficiently wage‐sensitive, it is shown that the presence of sufficiently large network effects makes unionisation the Pareto efficient sub‐game perfect Nash equilibrium outcome for firms.     

区域经济发展与粮食生产耦合分析——以榆林市为例

为更好地协调经济发展与粮食生产二者之间的关系,文章以榆林市各县级单元为评价对象,在构建经济发展与粮食生产综合评价指标体系的基础上,探究二者之间的耦合度及耦合协调度,并根据结果对研究区进行了耦合协调型分区。结果表明:榆林市各县级单元的经济发展与粮食生产耦合度值均大于0.52,表明各县级单元的经济发展与粮食生产二者关系密切。耦合度为0.64~0.72的评价单元数量最多,其次为0.72~0.84,分布面积最少的为耦合度0.84的区域;耦合协调度空间分布整体呈现中南部与东北部较高,西部较低的规律。根据计算结果,将研究区划分为4种类型,其中,低水平耦合区面积最为广泛,其次为拮抗区与磨合区,协调区面积最小,表明榆林市为实现可持续发展需进一步协调经济发展与粮食生产二者之间的关系,促进其和谐统一发展。     

基于灰色关联度的高教效果评价——以《管理学》为例

本文借鉴国内外高校教学效果评价指标体系的研究成果,遵循简单又全面的原则,根据高校教学特点,构建高校课堂教学评价指标体系,指标包括教学态度、教学内容、教学能力和教学管理四个部分共十个,通过层次分析法确定各项指标的权重。以昆明理工大学《管理学》课程为例,运用灰色关联度分析法,对担任《管理学》教学的两位教师的教学效果进行实证分析。     

Residents’ attitudes and the adoption of pro-tourism behaviours: The case of developing island countries

This study considers both economic and non-economic factors to examine how residents perceive tourism and ultimately develop pro-tourism behaviour. The concepts used in model creation are Social Exchange Theory and the Theory of Reasoned Action. Based on data derived from 418 residents of the Cape Verde Islands (off the coast of western Africa) a structural equation model is used to test how perceived personal benefits and general economic conditions shape perceptions of tourism, and in turn how these perceptions determine pro-tourism behaviour. Additionally, the concept of welcoming behaviour is included in the model. It is found the perceived tourism impacts mediate between welcoming and pro-tourism behaviours.     

Why does MNE performance vary across countries?: An inquiry into the competitive value of MNE assets

Variations in MNEs’ competitive positions across countries are a prevalent phenomenon in the business landscape, but are not fully explained by MNE theory. Building on competition theories and applying them to the context of MNEs, we hypothesize that the value of MNEs’ assets varies in relation to competitors of different nationalities and geographic scope, as well as across locations. These predictions are tested on US legal-services MNEs in competition with US domestic firms and non-US MNEs in the US and abroad. We find support for the hypothesized variations, particularly with reference to competitors’ location and nationality. These variations suggest that the value of MNE assets is relative, and that their varying market positions across countries are an inherent feature of international competition, calling for corresponding positioning and strategies.     

中国上市公司与TPP国企界定标准的契合度考察——基于A股上市公司的数据

TPP第17章"国有企业和特许垄断"中针对国有企业规定了一系列高标准的义务要求,旨在营造国有企业和私营企业公平竞争的环境。其中,第17.1条规定了何种企业应界定为受TPP竞争中立规则约束的对象。一旦中国加入TPP这类包含竞争中立规则的协定,确实会给中国带来一定的挑战,前提是有大量的企业属于TPP语境下的国有企业。本文结合近年中国的A股上市公司数据,分析其与TPP国企界定标准的契合度,考察将会有多少企业受到TPP竞争中立规则的约束。研究表明,TPP国企界定的"股权标准"、"表决权标准"和"任命权标准"的独立性并未得到体现,越来越少的中国上市公司符合TPP国企界定的标准。     

基于复杂网络理论的区域产业结构网络模型研究

本文从复杂网络的理论出发,通过投入产出理论建立起反映区域产业结构演化的复杂网络模型,并借用度分布、权分布和网络路径长度等概念对产业结构网络拓扑结构进行分析,为下一步深入研究该网络统计特性和演化机制以及这些机制对产业组织产生的影响奠定基础。     

Criteria selection and multi-objective optimization of aircraft landing problem

Inspired by the similarities of the aircraft landing problem (ALP) and the single machine scheduling problem, we propose a criteria selection method that has been used successfully in the single machine scheduling problem to determine appropriate objective functions of ALP. First, for four different types of criteria—min-max, min-sum, completion time related, and due-dates related criteria—their corresponding physical meanings in ALP are elaborated. Then, a criteria selection method is proposed to determine several appropriate criteria, which are taken as the multi-objective while modeling ALP. Different solution algorithms, including Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA), are adopted to solve the multi-objective ALP. Finally, the performance of the proposed model and method are evaluated using a set of benchmark instances. The computational results demonstrate the efficiency of our approach for solving ALP, which can simultaneously improve punctual performance, enhance runway utilization, reduce air traffic controller workload, and maintain equity among airlines.     

Global talent management: Shaping the careers of internationally educated talents in developing markets

In the context of globalization, country‐level actions to manage global talent (e.g., development of immigrant‐friendly policies, policies to attract back skilled diaspora, or investment in the international education of youth) have been underresearched. The aim of this article is to analyze the impact of a country‐level global talent management practice on the careers and career success of its talents in the Republic of Kazakhstan, a developing country in Central Asia. Using qualitative methods, this study introduces new dimensions of career success evaluation for internationally educated talents in developing markets: use of knowledge acquired abroad and international aspect of the job. Based on these dimensions, it develops a model of career types. The career types predict the varying degrees of talents' career success and their involvement in sharing and capitalizing on knowledge, ideas, and international experience, which may have an impact on society. The study contributes to the field of global talent management and career success by providing empirical evidence on an underresearched topic in the underresearched context of developing markets.