利益集团的政治经济学：一个文献分析结构

利益集团概念在近几十年中发展起来的新政治经济学文献中表现出了极其重要的分析价值。本文选择影响机制、寻租行为、治理机制三个层面,对浩瀚庞杂的利益集团政治经济学文献进行系统梳理,试图构建一个基于市场制度的利益集团文献分析结构。毫无疑问,本文形成的文献结构,不仅对于理解西方国家利益集团竞争机制,而且对于理解市场竞争本质进而理解中国制度转型,均提供了一个新的理论视角。     

谁该居住廉租房

廉租房作为我国解决城市住房困难家庭住房的一种方式，政府出台了很多相关政策，它已经在我们国家缓慢发展起来，但也存在很多问题有待解决，本文将对谁住房困难、为什么困难、他们为什么应该成为廉租房的保障对象做一个探讨。     

中国学生在英语阅读中的难点分析

本文以语言教学中的心理语言学的观点及交际途径理论为基础，结合自己教授阅读课的教学经验，浅析了学生在阅读时遇到的难点及常犯的一些错误，以帮助学生能更加高效率的阅读文章。     

产业集群的属性及其实现

在"企业--中间层组织--市场"的框架下,产业集群既非企业,又非纯粹的市场,而是一种中间层组织,具有非一体化下的合作和组织间协调的特性.这种属性是在动态过程中逐步形成;并通过双边规制对增加预期集群剩余和增加机会成本来实现.     

Residential segregation influences on the likelihood of black and white self-employment

This paper estimates a model of potential to enter self-employment based on individual, household and community-level factors. This paper focuses on the impact of segregation on the likelihood of black and white working-age adults to be self-employed workers rather than wage or salary workers. A multi-level analysis combined answers of over 400,000 respondents to the 1990 and 2000 Integrated Public Use Micro Sample (IPUMS) [Ruggles, S., Sobek, M., Alexander, T., Fitch, C., Goeken, R., Hall, P., King, M., Ronnander, C., 2004. Integrated Public Use Microdata Series: Version 3.0 [Machine-readable database]. Minnesota Population Center [producer and distributor], Minneapolis, MN] with structural measures from 327 metropolitan areas from the U.S. Census Bureau's Housing Patterns files [Iceland, J., Weinberg, D., Steinmetz, E., 2002. Racial and ethnic residential segregation in the United States, 1980–2000. Special Report Series, CENSR no.3, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC] to test the influence of each segregation process. The two residential segregation processes (relative clustering and exposure) were found to limit and enhance potential entry into self-employment, but in unique ways for each group.     

社区自组织能力建设面临的难题及其成因

报告了当前社区自组织能力建设的现状,进行了非接触性的文献检索和接触性的实地调查,发现社区自组织能力建设正面临着工作人员整体素质偏低、社区自我管理任务繁重、居民民主参与不足、集体决策能力虚弱、资源协调能力较差等诸多方面的难题;认为这些难题的成因可以归结为:作为能力承载主体的社区自组织自身、作为能力外在环境的社区自组织客体和作为能力作用规则的社区自组织体制等三个方面;提出要有效解决这些难题,可以从内核、环境和制度等方面来探寻对策.     

Accounting and Medicine: An Exploratory Investigation into Physicians’ Attitudes Toward the Use of Standard Cost-Accounting Methods in Medicine

Research studies demonstrate wide variation in how physicians diagnose and treat patients with similar medical conditions and suggest that at least some of the variation reflects inefficiencies and unnecessary medical costs. Health care researchers are actively examining ways to reduce variations in practice through standardization of medicine to reduce the cost of treatment and ensure the quality of outcomes. The most widely accepted form of this standardization is Evidence Based Best Practices (EBBP). Furthermore, financial health care providers such as hospitals and managed care organizations are investigating methods to tie resource usage to medical protocols in their efforts to monitor and control health care costs. Such proposals are contentious because they report on physicians’ medical practice behaviors (such as the number of tests ordered, use of specific therapies, etc.) and such reports could potentially be used to influence their clinical behaviors. The intent of this exploratory study was to examine physicians’ perceptions about linking a standard costing system to EBBP guidelines. The authors interviewed nine practicing physicians asking each physician to respond to the question, ‘As a physician working in a hospital environment, what are your reactions to and concerns with combining standard costing techniques with EBBP?’ The interviews were in-depth and free form in nature. The physicians’ responses were recorded and analyzed using Grounded Theory Methodology. Using this methodology the field data was categorized into two major themes. The most important theme centered on ethics and the second theme was concerned with the implementation and use of a standard cost system in regard to EBBP. If physicians’ worries about ethical dilemmas and implementation issues are not resolved, then it is likely that doctors would be unwilling to participate in any efforts to develop or use a standard cost-reporting system in medicine. While this study was exploratory in nature, it should provide future guidance to accountants, health care researchers and health care providers about physicians’ issues with the use of standard costing methods in medicine.     

我国经济转型时期城镇消费阶层研究

本文认为,深入研究和剖析经济转型时期的消费阶层,根据各阶层消费者的行为特点选择相关的政策和策略,已经成为保持国民经济持续、协调、健康发展的重要保障。文章提出,以马克思的阶层理论为指导,以居民的经济收入水平标准,可以把我国经济转型期的消费者划分为三种类型即低消费阶层、中消费阶层和高消费阶层;我国消费阶层结构具有鲜明特征:一是消费阶层结构的重叠性导致消费阶层新元素的出现;二是各消费阶层消费者的构成趋于多元化,各消费者之间的差异性显著增加;三是每个消费阶层都有了多种成分;四是各消费阶层消费者的数量分布呈现出不平衡性。     

中俄天然气合作博弈分析

中俄两国在能源领域的合作受到全球越来越多的关注，中俄能源合作有着广阔的前景，但目前还存在一些具体的问题，石油管线的修建一波三折，天然气合作仍处在初级阶段。针对两国在天然气合作过程中出现的现象和问题，本文将运用博弈论思想做出具体的分析。     

Strategic groups in the hospitality industry: Intergroup and intragroup performance differences in Alicante, Spain

The hotel sector is currently immersed in a very uncertain, highly competitive environment, due to which it needs information for the correct management of its establishments. This information can be obtained from the classification of hotels in strategic groups. The present empirical research presents strategic groups in the hospitality industry as a useful tool for the planning and implementation of strategies by hotels that helps to determine their competitive strategies and advantages. This research paper additionally shows how the levels of performance between the hotels belonging to each group can be evaluated from strategic groups. In this study, the tool is applied to the hotel sector of the Spanish province of Alicante, a very important geographical area in the context of international tourism. The dimensions resource commitment and tourist activity scope have been used to define the strategic groups.